Outlawing the Spoils: A History of the Civil Service Reform Movement, 1865-1883

47 Cong administration appointments April Arthur Ashfield August Ben Butler Bing Boston Burt Collection Butler campaign Carl Schurz Charles Eliot Norton civil servants Civil Service Commission civil service reform collector competitive examinations Congressional Globe Conkling Conkling's Convention corruption Curtis Papers Curtis to Norton Dawes December Democrats Department Despite Eaton Edwin Lawrence Godkin election favored February Garfield George William Curtis Godkin Papers Grant Harper's Weekly Hayes Papers Hayes's Henry Adams ibid James January Jenckes bill Jenckes Papers Jenckes's John Johnson July June letter Library of Congress March Massachusetts National Civil Service nomination Norton Papers November October officeholders Ohio opposed patronage Pendleton Act Pendleton bill Philadelphia political assessments politicians President President's Republican party revenue Rosengarten rules Schurz Papers Secretary Senate September Service Reform Association service reform movement sess Sherman speech spoils system spoilsmen Sumner tion Treasury Villard vote Washington West New Brighton wrote York Customhouse