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NASHVILLE ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDERWRITERS was organized in Nashville, Tenn., in March, 1911. Officers were elected as follows: President, J. W. Smithers, Prudential; vice-president, W. H. Eaves, Phoenix Mutual; secretary-treasurer, David G. Brandon, Northwestern Mutual. The present officers, elected in June, 1915, are: President, H. B. Alexander, Ætna Life; vice-president, C. C. Dabney; secretary and treasurer, R. C. Webster, Prudential.

NATIONAL ACCIDENT SOCIETY, New York City. Organized 1885. Edwin Langdon, president; Alfred A. Wallace, secretary.

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CASUALTY AND SURETY AGENTS. The association was organized at a meeting held in Cincinnati in October, 1913. The meeting was the outcome of a conference of agents held in New York in September, and, although state and local associations have been organized, earlier efforts to organize a national association had been unsuccessful. The officers elected at the Cincinnati meeting were as follows: President, Wade Fetzer, Chicago; vice-president, Newton E. Turgeon, Buffalo; second vicepresident, V. L. P. Shriver, Pittsburgh; secretary and treasurer, John A. Morrison, Chicago.

The third annual meeting of the association was held in Detroit, Mich., August 24, 25, 26, and 27, 1915. President Gilbert called the meeting to order, and in his address reviewed conditions of the past year, and the activities of the association, which was in a strong position for future usefulness.

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Papers were read as follows: "Salesmanship," Hugh Chalmers, Detroit; Compensation Insurance from the Viewpoint of the Employer," R. J. Hamilton, American Radiator Company; Surety Business from the Viewpoint of the Fieldman," Ralph W. Smith, National Surety, Denver, Col.; "Surety Business from the Viewpoint of the Home Office," E. C. Lunt, Fidelity and Casualty; "Accident and Health Insurance; Applications and Losses," Dr. W. Edward Magruder, Baltimore; "Contract Bonds," R. H. Towner, New York; "The Present and Future Developments in the Field of Workmen's Compensation Insurance," Leon S. Senior, manager Compensation Inspection Rating Board.

Officers were elected as follows: President, George D. Webb, Chicago, Ill.; vice-president, John Kavanagh, Rochester, N. Y.; second vice-president, John A. Morrison, Chicago, Ill.; third vicepresident, J. K. Livingston, Detroit, Mich; secretary and treasurer, E. A. St. John, Chicago, Ill.; executive committee, George A. Gilbert, Chicago; T. F. Daly, Denver; C. H. Hood, Minneapolis; Wade Fetzer, Chicago; Wallace M. Reid, Pittsburgh; P. S. Powers, Richmond; C. J. Kehoe, St. Louis; G. A. Howell, Atlanta; Chas. R. Laurenson, Cleveland; N. C. Spencer, Buffalo.

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NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS. An organization made up of state compensation and industrial commissions and the National Civic Federation. The officers elected at the annual meeting at Seattle in 1915 are: President, Floyd L. Daggett, Seattle; vice-president, Wallace D. Yaple, Ohio; secretary and treasurer, L. H. Terrill, Wisconsin.

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDERWRITERS. As early as 1869 there were scattered efforts to form local associations of life insurance agents. There is a record of a Life Underwriters' Association of Chicago, organized November, 1869, "for mutual protection, improvement, and acquaintance." Merrill Ladd of the Mutual Life of Chicago was the president, and H. R. Thompson of the John Hancock the secretary. A prominent rule of this association was: "No subject which involves or provokes discussion of rival plans of companies shall be introduced into the meetings of this association." In August, 1870, the Life Insurance Association of Pittsburgh, I. F. Loomis of the Charter Oak Life, president, and in June, 1872, the Cincinnati Life Underwriters' Association, M. Grosvenor of the Etna Life, president, were formed, followed the next year by a state organization at Columbus, O., and there were others that occasionally appeared and subsided. None of these early attempts at association seem to have been other than ephemeral in their nature. They were heard of once or twice, and no more. The Ohio organization was the longest lived, but it went into decay some time before the present substantial movement began.

The pioneer of modern development of association by life insurance agents was the Boston Underwriters' Association, which saw the light in April, 1883. The idea of bringing together in more enduring bonds of amity the competitive elements of the agency business, and of giving to association a broader basis and deeper purpose than it had known before, originated with C. M. Ransom, editor of the Boston Standard. The new movement began in the editor's office. It appealed to the judgment of the best men in the business everywhere, for they saw in it a means to purge the business of rapidly growing evils and lift it to the plane of honorable and intelligent effort. It spread, therefore, with celerity, stimulating in the course of a few years the formation of organizations similar to the Boston association in the principal cities of the Union. While these centers of energy were warm and progressive, their relations with each other were so far but formal. It was felt that much more important results were possible by a wider application of the principle of community. And so when 1890 came and twenty of these societies were in active operation in their respective localities, the time was ripe for the national association.

The present organization was the outgrowth of a conference of representatives of the Boston, New York, and Philadelphia associations, held at Boston, April 8, 1890. It was decided to call a convention of all the associations in the United States, to be held at Boston, June 18th. This meeting was held and the National Association of Life Underwriters was organized.

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The presidents elected since organization in 1890 have been as follows:

George N. Carpenter, Boston, 1890; Charles H. Raymond, New York, 1891; C. E. Tillinghast, Cleveland, 1892; Charles H. Ferguson, Chicago, 1893; E. H. Plummer, Philadelphia, 1894; Ben F. Calef, Boston, 1895; D. S. Hendrick, Washington, D. C., 1896; Thomas H. Bowles, Milwaukee, 1897; Richard E. Cochran, New York, 1898; James L. Johnson, Springfield, Mass., 1899; I. Layton Register, Philadelphia, 1900; William D. Wyman, Chicago, 1901; Philip H. Farley, New York, 1902; H. H. Ward, Cleveland, 1903; John Dolph, Cincinnati, 1904; C. W. Scovel, Pittsburgh, 1905; Frank E. McMullen, Rochester, N. Y., 1906; Charles Jerome Edwards, New York, 1907-8; John W. Whittington, Los Angeles, Cal., 1909; Henry J. Powell, Louisville, Ky., 1910; L. Brackett Bishop, Chicago, 1911; Neil D. Sills, Richmond, 1912; Ernest J. Clark, Baltimore, 1913; Hugh M. Willet, Atlanta, 1914, Edward A. Woods, 1915.

[For an account of the annual meetings see Cyclopedia for 1890 and subsequent annual volumes.]

The twenty-sixth annual meeting of the association was held in San Francisco, Cal., August 9, 10, 11, and 12, 1915. President Willett presided and in his address reviewed the work of the association for the year, which had been one of progress, especially in organizing new associations and in membership. Vice-president Woods in a report referred to the growing appreciation of life insurance on the part of the public, and expressed the wish that the association might interest itself in some scientific method of developing salesmanship.

Reports from the secretary and treasurer, executive committee, and the education and conservation bureau were presented. The executive committee reported that applications for membership from twenty new associations, organized within the year had been received, and stated that the organization of the education and conservation bureau was the most important work accomplished during the year. Chairman Horner of the bureau of education reviewed the work of the year and results, and recommended that in place of a chairman of the bureau a secretary be provided, and that the committee be made up of seven members, with the title of department heads; the departments to be: education insurance conservation, health conservation, legislation, taxation, lectures, and addresses, and institutional advertising. Following the above report a discussion of topics under a five minute rule was taken up, following which Jesse R. Clarke, president of the Association of Life Insurance Presidents, and E. W. Randall, president of the American Life Convention, were introduced and extended felicitations from their respective associations. A report from the committee on taxation, Edward A. Woods, chairman, was presented, in which a more favorable public attitude towards taxation of life insurance was noted, and urged all associations to give more active attention to the question of taxation.

In the prize essay contest R. O. Miles, San Francisco, was announced as the winner of the Calef Cup, and Forest W. Boswell, Detroit, winner of the Ben Williams Vase. The subject was "Life Insurance The Institution for Systematic Thrift." Following the reading of the essays there was a discussion, under the five minute rule, of the subject Agency Building," and a special report on Analysis of a Successful Agent," was presented by Edward A. Woods. Papers were read as follows: "Insurance of Tomorrow," Otto Irving Wise, vice-presi

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dent Western States Life, San Francisco; "Life Insurance as an Economic Force," Orville Thorp, Dallas, Tex.; "Accomplishments and Purposes of the World's Insurance Congress Events," C. I. Hitchcock, Insurance Field; "Life," Dr. Benjamin I. Wheeler, president University of California.

Officers were elected as follows: President, Edward A. Woods, Equitable Life, Pittsburgh; vice-presidents, Lawrence Priddy, New York and J. Henry Johnson, Oklahoma City; secretary, A. C. Larsen, Madison, Wis.; treasurer, H. Wibert Spence, Mutual Life, Detroit, Mich.; members of the executive committee, term expiring 1917, John Newton Russell, Jr., Los Angeles, Cal.; term expiring 1918, Frank D. Buser, Philadelphia; Leon F. Foss, Boston; E. J. Meyer, Montgomery, Ala.; John T. Shirley, Harrisburg; George R. McLeran, Chicago; W. A. R. Bruehl, Sr., Cincinnati; George Wahl, Scranton; A. W. Brown, Davenport, Ia.; Edgar Smith, Portland, Ore.; J. Stanley Edwards, Denver, Colo.; George H. Olmsted, Cleveland; Lawrence T. Doyle, Savannah; Fred W. Maule, San Antonio; John Patrick, Charleston, W. Va.; H. W. Schroeder, El Paso.; J. B. Shaw, Waco, Tex.; J. A. Bassford, Grand Rapids; J. W. Bishop, Chattanooga; C. L. Lunt, Des Moines;. Henry W. Maul, Newark, N. J.; Lott H. Brown, Columbus, Ohio; J. M. Dickev Erie, Pa.; W. F. Dodson, Norfolk, Va.; J. P. Quarrels, Charlotte, C.; H. H. Loughridge, Utah; W. T. Feely, Lincoln, Neb.; Charles D. Kipp, Salt Lake City, T. S. McKinney, Lima, Ohio; O. F. Wilson, Oklahoma City, Okla.; I. P. Mulhall, Knoxville, Tenn.; C. C. Thompson, Seattle, Wash.; riddy, New Utica, N. Y.; E. E. Flickinger, Indianapolis, Lawrence F ear, SacYork City; J. A. Wellman, Manchester, N. H.; S. F. McAn Montreal, ramento; J. S. Crowder, Madison, Wis.; A. J. Meiklejohn, Me Can.; John R. Reed, Ottawa, Can.

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The other members of the executive committee are:

1916 H. K. Albers, Fort Smith, Ark.; H. W. Allen, Wichita, Kan.; C. C Blanchard, Providence, R. I.; T. A. Cary, Richmond, Va.; J. H. Cave, Lynchburg, Va.; Orville B. Drown, Washington, D. C.; W. G. Harris, Dallas, Tex.; W. L. Hathaway, San Francisco, Cal.; F. W. Hauenstein, St. Paul, Minn.; Edward D. Horgan, Buffalo, N. Y.; Warren M. Horner, Minneapolis, Minn.; George J. Jones, Sioux Falls, S. D.; M. V. Keith, Fort Dodge, Ia.; Henry H. Kohn, Albany, N. Y.; Herbert R. Lewis. Rochester, N. Y.; Frank T. McNally, Duluth, Minn.; Henry A. Macgowan, Worcester, Mass.; Brooks Marmon, Roanoke, Va.; M. A. Nelson, Springfield, Mo., John Patrick, Charleston, W. Va.; W. S. Patterson, Albuquerque, N. M.; Henry L. Pelletier, Tacoma, Wash.; Henry Phillips, Syracuse, N. Y.; John H. Quinlan, Newburgh, N. Y.; E. B. Ranselhousen, Springfield, Mass.; Sid B. Redding, Little Rock, Ark.; Lee C. Robens, Hartford, Conn.; Lawrence Rooney, Bangor, Me.; J. Putnam Stevens, Portland, Me.; Leon Schwarz, Mobile, Ala.; Frank Treat, Fargo, N. D.; J. K. Voshell, Baltimore, Md.; Mulford Wade, Akron, Ohio; Clarence D. Williford, Memphis, Tenn.

1917 Thomas B. Sweeney, Wheeling, W. Va.; William M. Furey, Pittsburgh, Pa.; F. N. Cheney, St. Louis, Mo.; C. C. Dabney, Nashville, Tenn.; Wilson Williams, New Orleans, La.; John A. Tory, Toronto, Can.; M. M. Mattison, Anderson, S. C.; H. D. Neely, Omaha, Neb.; Charles W. Orr, Ft. Wayne, Ind.; Charles B. Palmer, Wilmington, Del.; George W. Farley, Toledo, Ohio; Henry Farmer, Detroit, Mich.; Ira B. Mapes, Kansas City, Mo.; Lucien Brown, Birmingham, Ala.; Frank B. Parker, Topeka, Kan.; Oscar Palmer, Atlanta, Ga.; D. R. Midyette, Richmond, Va.

The executive council is composed of the following: Edward A. Woods, president; John Newton Russell, Jr., chairman executive committee; H. Wibert Spence, treasurer; Neil D. Sills, Hugh M. Willett, Ernest J. Clark, and Lawrence Priddy.

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The following is a list of the local associations which were members of the National Association July 1, 1915:

Akron, O., Life Underwriters' Association.

Atlanta Association of Life Insurers.
Baltimore Life Underwriters' Association.

Battle Creek Life Underwriters' Association, Battle Creek, Mich.
Blue Grass Association of Life Underwriters.

Boston Life Underwriters' Association.

Butte Association of Life Underwriters.

Capital District Life Underwriters' Association, Albany, N. Y.

Central Pennsylvania Association of Life Underwriters, Harrisburg.
Central Texas Association of Life Underwriters.

Chattanooga, Tenn., Life Underwriters' Association.

Cleveland Association of Life Underwriters.

Colorado Association of Life Underwriters.

Columbus, O., Life Underwriters' Association.
Connecticut Life Underwriters' Association.
Dayton Association of Life Underwriters.
Delaware Life Underwriters' Association.
Detroit Life Underwriters' Association.

District of Columbia Life Underwriters' Association.
Duluth Life Underwriters' Association.

Eastern Maine Life Underwriters' Association.
El Paso Association of Life Underwriters.

Erie Association of Life Underwriters.
Evansville Association of Life Underwriters.
Florida Life Underwriters' Association.
Fort Dodge Life Underwriters' Association.
Grand Rapids Life Underwriters' Association.
Hudson Valley Life Underwriters' Association.
Indiana Life Underwriters' Association.
Iowa Life Underwriters' Association.
Jacksonville Life Underwriters' Association.
Kalamazoo Life Underwriters' Association.
Kanawha Association of Life Underwriters.
Kansas Association of Life Underwriters.
Kansas City Life Underwriters' Association.
Knoxville Life Underwriters' Association.
Lansing Life Underwriters' Association.
Life Underwriters' Association of Nebraska.
Life Underwriters' Association of New York.
Life Underwriters' Association of Chicago.

Life Underwriters' Association of Cincinnati.

Life Underwriters' Association of Central Massachusetts.
Life Underwriters' Association of Buffalo.

Life Underwriters' Association of Oregon.

Life Underwriters' Association of Western Massachusetts.
Life Underwriters' Association of St. Louis.
Life Underwriters' Association of Springfield, Mo.
Life Underwriters' Association of Savannah, Ga.
Life Underwriters' Association of Montgomery, Ala.
Life Underwriters' Association of Birmingham, Ala.
Life Underwriters' Association of Rochester.
Life Underwriters' Association of San Francisco.
Lima, O., Life Underwriters' Association.
Lincoln Life Underwriters' Association.
Little Rock Life Underwriters' Association.
Los Angeles Life Underwriters' Association.
Louisiana Life Underwriters' Association.
Louisville Association of Life Underwriters.
Lynchburg, Va., Life Underwriters' Association.
Macon Association of Life Underwriters.
Madison Association of Life Underwriters.
Maine Life Underwriters' Association.
Memphis Life Underwriters' Association.
Minneapolis Association of Life Underwriters.

Minnesota Life Underwriters' Association, St. Paul.

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