lected in Spain, and he reports various acarines as external parasites for Culicidae. Leger, in 1902, described a parasitic flagellate called Crithidia fasciculata, in the intestine of the adult female of anopheles maculipennis Herbert Johnson, in 1902, described a sporozoon as infecting about 8 per cent of the females of the anopheles maculipennis collected in a certain locality in Massachusetts in which tertian malaria prevails. Martirano, in 1901, described a minute trematodex (Agamodistom um Martinanoi) found in the body cavity of the anopheles clavigor taken in Italy. G. W. Muller found an undetermined sporozoon of the genus Glugea in Culex. To these cases of parasitism, Stiles adds another of considerable interest. Prof. John B. Smith, of Rutgers College, recently forwarded two worms to Stiles for examination, taken from the abdominal cavity of Culex sollicitans. One specimen was hardly in condition to be of use in study, but it represented a larval round-worm, either a Mermis or a Paramermis. The second specimen was a larval round-worm, but owing to the fact that its genitals organs were not developed, its exact generic position could not be recognized. A special group is therefore suggested by Stiles, for which he gives the name agamomermis. Stiles states that in 1889 he found some worms in the bodies of Culex nemoralis in Leipzig, Germany. These worms were injurious to the mosquito. They were found in the abdominal cavity of larvae, pupae and adults, so that infection must have taken place in the water, in the larval and pupal stages of the Culex. The infested insects were very sluggish in their movements and could easily be recognized as diseased. Many of them died from the effects of the disease and the ovaries of infested females were undeveloped. Prof. Leuckart stated that he has frequently found the Culex nemoralis infested with this worm and that during the years that the worms are common, mosquitoes seem to be less numerous. Ophthalmology. BY WALDEMAR FISCHER, M. D. ST. LOUIS. Polyarthritis in Blenorrhea Neonatorum. (Dr. Sigmund Neuburger, Klinische Monatsbl. f Augenheilkunde.)-It has been demonstrated by clinical observation and bacteriologic examination that the gonococcus may enter the circulation from its original abode in the mucous membrane of the urigenital tract and produce diseased conditions in other portions of the system, especially in the joints. Gonorrheal arthritis following gonorrhoeal ophthalmia is not so well. known on account of its infrequent occurence. Altland in a recent publication, mentions that 660 cases of blenorrhea neonatorum treated in the hospital of Hamburg-Eppendorf only one case of gonorrheal arthritis was observed. There are but nineteen cases reported in the entire literature including this case. The author believes that not only the extreme rarity of the joint complications but also the pathologic interest connected with his case justi fies its publication. The mother of the baby suffered from gonorrhoeal arthritis two days before giving birth to the child. The author questions if the germ entered the circulation of the child post-partum, or ante-partum through the placenta. August 24, 1902, the author was called to see a baby girl five days of age, whose right eye discharged for one day. There was a typical blenorrhea neonatorum of the right eye; gonococci were present in the secretion. The left eye was and remained unaffected. The father of the child was 45 to 50 years of age, married three times but gave no conclusive history. The mother was about 20 years old, primipera and was always healthy. She had a whitish discharge from her vagina in the last months of pregnancy and at times experienced pain when urinating. Two days before the birth of the child, the mother was afflicted with pain in the foot, then the knee alternately right and left. The author suspected polyarthritis gonorrhoica in which he was supported by the duration of five to six weeks course, absence of temperature, persistence in certain joints, especially the right wrist and the uselessness of all anti-rheumatic remedies. By instituting the proper treatment the conjunctival condition improved rapidly and the cornea remained intact. Within a period of fourteen days the eye was free from inflammation. Seven days after the child's eye had become affected, there was a swelling of the right shoulder joint and of the left wrist and shoulder joint. The joints of the feet were still uninvolved. After five days the inflammation in the right arm and shoulder had decreased, the condition of the left arm was unaltered, at this time the left knee also became involved. The inflammation having remained at the same height for eight days, the condition of the joints gradually improved. The swelling of the joints became less and after fourteen days had elapsed an alteration in the joints could be scarcely detected. Four months later nothing could be detected but a slight thickening of the toes. The heart sounds are clear. Although a bacteriologic examination of the exudate in the joints could not be made; the author is still positive that he dealt with a gonorrheal arthritis. He does not believe that the gonococci entered the circulation of the fetus through the placenta, as the mother's joints were affected. two days before the birth of the child, while the child's joints became involved twelve days after birth. Secondly micro-organisms will pass the placenta under certain conditions which could not be found here. It is possible that white blood corpuscles and certain bacteria may pass through the walls of the placenta without there being any lesions. The rapid healing of the conjunctival conditions corresponds with that observed by others in cases where the blenorrhea caused an involvement of the joints. The short duration of the ophthalmia gonorrhoica is explained as follows: The gonococci in the superficial layers of the conjunctiva are destroyed by the local remedies employed, while those on the deeper structures are carried away by the circulation. THE STANDARD FOR LITHIA TREATMENT Warner's Original 3 grains and 5 grains POSITIVE DOSAGE, CONVENIENCE, ECONOMY, FULL THERAPEUTIC EFFECT で HE ideal safe family laxative, known as SYRUP OF FIGS, is a product of the California Fig Syrup Co., and derives its laxative principles from senna, made pleasant to the taste and more acceptable to the stomach by being combined with pleasant aromatic 'syrups and the juice of figs. It is recommended by many of the most eminent physicians, and used by millions of families with entire satisfaction. It has gained its great reputation with the medical profession by reason of the acknowledged skill and care exercised by the California Fig Syrup Co. in securing the laxative principles of the senna by an original method of its own, and presenting them in the best and most convenient form. The California Fig Syrup Co. has special facilities for commanding the choicest qualities of Alexandria senna, and its chemists devote their entire attention to the manufacture of the one product. The name-SYRUP OF FIGS-means to the medical profession "the family laxative, manufactured by the California Fig Syrup Co.," and the name of the Company is a guarantee of the excellence of its product. Informed of the above facts, the care ful physician will know how to prevent the dispensing of worthless imitations when he recommends or prescribes the.original and genuine SYRUP OF FIGS. It is well known to physicians that SYRUP OF FIGS is a simple, safe and reliable laxative, which does not irritate or debilitate the organs on which it acts, and, being pleasant to the taste, it is especially adapted to ladies and children, although generally applicable in all cases. Special investigation of the profession invited. SYRUP OF FIGS. Is never sold in bulk. It retails at fifty cents per bottle, and the CALIFORNIA FIG SYRUP CO., LOUISVILLE, KY. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. NEW YORK. N. Y.. MEDICAL MISCELLANY PRESCRIBE A LAKE TRIP.-Doctor, send that patient of yours who is wheezing to the balmy climate of Michigan. A boat trip from Chicago is always refreshing and invigorating. The Graham and Morton line runs elegant steamers to Benton Harbor, St. Joseph, Grand Rapids and all famous Michigan points. AMERICAN ELECTRO-THERAPEUTIC ASSOCIATION. The preliminary program has been issued for the thirteenth annual convention of the American Electro-Therapeutic Association, to be held in Atlantic City, N. J., September 22, 23 and 24, 1903, and contains the titles of some thirty-five papers. Members of the profession are cordially invited, and those desiring copies of the preliminary program can secure same by addressing the secretary, Dr. Clarence Edward Skinner, New Haven, Conn. HAY FEVER.-There are many theories regarding the causation of hay fever, including uric acid or other depraved states of the system, micro-organism in the air, and pollen from plants. Whatever theory is adopted and a systemic treatment undertaken to correspond with it, it has been found that intelligent local treatment is productive of great benefit. For this purpose a thorough washing or douching of the nasal passages with a weak hot solution of Tyree's antiseptic powder has been found very beneficial. It cleanses the membrane of poisonous secretions, soothes its irritability, and tones it up and strengthens it to resist further invasion. By frequent repetition as soon as any feeling of discomfort begins to return, the attack can be greatly shortened and the patient made comparatively comfortable throughout its duration.-J. S. Tyree, manufacturing chemist, Washington, D. C. TO HAVE IN CHARGE MISSOURI'S EDUCATION EXHIBIT. -- Prof. G. V. Buchanan, of Sedalia, for some years superintendent of the Sedalia public schools, has been selected by the Missouri World's Fair Commission as Superintendent of Education, and has entered actively upon the duties of his position. Prof. Buchanan will have in charge the preparation, collecting and displaying of Missouri's exhibit in education at the World's Fair. This display will come under the Commission's Department of Education and Social Economy, of which Judge J. H. Hawthorne, of Kansas City, is chairman. The appointment of Prof. Buchanan, because of his large knowledge of school affairs, is commended by educators everywhere. The appointment of Prof. Buchanan completes the organization of the five chief departments of the Missouri World's Fair Commission: In agriculture, H. J. Waters, as superintendent, with J. C. Allison, of New London, as chairman; in horticulture L. A. Goodman, as superintendent and B. H. Bonfoey, of Unionville, as chairman; in mining, H. H. Gregg, as superintendent and M. T. Davis, of Springfield, as chairman; in publication, Walter Williams, as superintendent, F. J. Moss, of St. Joseph, as chairman; in education, G. V. Buchanan as superintendent and J. H. Hawthorne, of Kansas City, chairman. |