consider the possibilities and limitations of these waters in the general therapy.

Beginning at the north of the state, we find near Waukegan, in Lake county, the Glen Flora Spring, producing an earthy alkaline water very similar to the waters of Waukesha, Wisconsin, which resort is but a short distance further north and west. The Glen Flora water contains about 36.41 grains of mineral matter to the gallon, consisting chiefly of alkaline carbonates. This water contains slightly more

sodium sulphate than the Waukesha water.

At Libertyville, in Lake county, we find the Purix Spring, a property in which a large number of Chicago physicians have shown their confidence by the organization of a company for the promotion of the water business for supplying the needs of Chicago. The water is mildly alkaline in character.

In the southern part of Lake county, near the village of Deerfield. is the Deerlick Mineral Spring, the water of which has won considerable popularity in Chicago as a light, potable, alkaline water.

The Deerlick water shows a total mineralization of 45.01 grains to the gallon of which 22.61 grains is sodium sulphate and 6 magnesium carbonate. This water has been used extensively and bears the unstinted commendation of Drs. Joseph Zeisler, John B. Murphy, W. L. Noble and other eminent Chicago physicians and it was the first of these gentlemen, Dr. Zeisler, who was educated in Europe and hence knew the importance of such waters in therapy, who first commended the Deerlick water to medical use.

In Cook county there are but two recorded springs, one situated near Galewood, scarcely outside the boundaries of Chicago and just north of Oak Park, known as the Sylvan Dell Sulpho-Magnesian Spring, while at Western Springs is the Alcyone Spring, flowing some 2,400 gallons per hour and utilized by a sanitarium conducted by Dr. H. H. Forline, of Chicago.

The Zonian Springs are four in number and are to be found about a mile from Elgin, in Kane county. These springs have a flow of about a barrel a minute each and the water contains sixteen grains of mineral matter to the gallon, chiefly alkaline carbonates.

Near the boundary, between Kane and Kendall counties, are the Montgomery Magnesia, the Aurora Lithia and the Mini-Niyan Springs. The last named is situated at Bristol, in Kendall county, and the water of the three principal springs show an average mineralization of about 18.64 grains to the gallon, chiefly alkaline carbonates. There is also at the Mini-Niyan Springs a deposit of peat or mud through

which the water has been percolating for years and which offers excellent advantages for the mud or peat baths which have been used so long and so successfully at Carlsbad and in our own country at Mudlavia, Indiana, Las Vegas, New Mexico and at other spring resorts.

It will be noted that the waters referred to up to this time are all mildly alkaline waters, their chief mineral ingredients being the alkaline carbonates, and all of these waters are more or less similar to the waters of Waukesha, Wisconsin, and capable of the same therapeutic uses. In nephritis, cystitis and other conditions of the urinary tract practically any of these waters may be used with benefit, while in diabetes the results have been so striking in Waukesha as to quite defy explanation based upon the showing of the mineral water analyses. The peat deposits at Mini-Niyan offer possibilities in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, etc., which are well worth considering.

At Ottawa, La Salle county, we find a water which materially differs from that of the Northern Illinois springs, coming from the Sanicula Springs. This is a water containing 170.77 grains of mineral matter, 15.32 grains being alkaline carbonates and 139.64 grains of chlorides. This is an alkaline-saline water of considerable value.

The Illinois City Artesian Well, at Illinois City; the Black Hawk Spring, at Rock Island and the Renna Wells at Andalusia, are all in Rock Island county and may prove, on more careful consideration, to produce waters of value. At present little is known of them.

The water of the Aqua Vitae Spring, situated near Maquon, in Knox county, is classed by Peale (CHICAGO CLINIC AND PURE WATER JOURNAL, December, 1902) as a calcic-magnesic alumino-chalybeate water. It contains 2.57 grains of free sulphuric acid, 55.38 grains of iron salts and 223 grains of sulphates, with a total mineralization of 258.04 grains to the gallon.

The Red Avon Spring is situated at Avon, Fulton county, but little is known of the water.

The Schuyler County Springs are chiefly of interest on account of the sixty-nine grains of iron sulphate contained in each gallon of the water. There is no reason why this water should not be as valuable in the chronic diarrhoeas of anaemic and cachectic children, in chronic gastric catarrh or gastric ulcer or chronic malaria as the European waters such as Alexisbad, Mitterbad or Parad, all of which are similar to the Schuyler County Spring water.

The Versailles Springs, in Brown county, are very similar to the St. Moritz Spring of Switzerland, bein calcic-magnesic alumino

THE MINERAL SPRINGS OF ILLINOIS.

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chalybeate, with total mineralization of 192.93 grains, of which 22.42 grains are iron salts and 167.82 grains sulphates.

The Perry Springs, in Pike county, at one time had a considerable reputation as a summer resort and a hotel capable of accommodating two hundred guests still stands there unoccupied. The surroundings are exceedingly attractive and the waters are valuable. Spring No. 1, contains 38.24 grains of mineral matter to the gallon of which 32.24 grains are alkaline carbonates; and a sulphur spring of considerable strength is also to be found there.

Near Decatur, in Macon county, is a Carburetted Spring, of which little is recorded.

The Greenup or Cumberland Spring, at Greenup, Cumberland county, is an alkaline-saline spring, the water containing 184.95 grains of mineral matter to the gallon, of which 75.95 grains are alkaline carbonates and 113.31 grains of chlorides.

Little information is obtainable concerning the Diamond Spring, at Grant Fork, in Madison county.

The Sailor Springs, in Clay county, have resort equipment which is satisfactory, and the waters are in excellent local repute, while at Nashville, in Washington county, is the American Carlsbad Spring, the water of which is very similar to those of the Sprudel, Muhlbrunn or Schlossbrunn Springs at Carlsbad. This water is worth the careful study of the Illinois medical men.

The Green Lawn Springs are situated at Mount Vernon, in Jefferson county, of which the Washington Spring, alkaline-chalybeate in character, is most used.

The Tivoli Spring at Chester, Randolph county, and the Western Saratoga Springs, near Anna, in Union county, are not developed or well known.

The Creal Springs, in Williamson county, promise to become quite popular and already attract considerable attention. The Ozark Hotel, bath houses and amusement halls are well equipped and the sulphated-chlorinated-chalybeate waters are reported as producing good therapeutic results. The Dixon Springs, near Grantsburg, in Pope county, produce sulphated waters with considerable iron.

It may be safely stated that this list of springs of Illinois now recorded is a very small percentage of the springs of the state. Even these have been studied very little, yet, with this small amount of study we can say that Carlsbad, St. Moritz, Alexisbad, Mitterbad, Parad and other European spas have their analogues here and that the peat baths of Carlsbad may also be duplicated in our own state.

It is certain that real study and attention given to these springs of ours will develop the fact that many more of the famous European waters may be found here and it is sincerely to be hoped that the energetic, capable and studious medical men of the Prairie State will not remain forever apathetic in this matter.

The city of Fort Worth, Texas, is one of the many American cities suffering from no satisfactory water supply. Practically all of the water used for drinking comes from deep wells and is sold by the jug through the town. The best water to be secured is from the Gibson Wells, situated at Mineral Wells, Texas, and it is generally used by the better classes of people.

An interesting and definite decision has just been rendered to Fairchild Brothers and Foster, of New York, relative to the use of some other preparation by the druggist when a certain preparation is indicated by the physician. One Walter L. Conwell, of Boston, had been in the habit of filling prescriptions for "Fairchild's Essence of Pepsine" with other alleged essences of pepsin, which the court holds not to be in any way identical, in fact considerably inferior to the article ordered. Hence a permanent order is issued by the court forbidding such action on the part of Crowell, and the right of the druggist to so substitute becomes settled by legal decision.

The value of sanitary science has never been better illustrated than in what it has accomplished with dysentery among the U. S. troops in the Philippines. In spite of climatic and other conditions the medical department of the U. S. has almost eradicated the disease from the army. This extraordinary result has been accomplished through the vigilant enforcement of sanitary measures requiring that all drinking water shall be boiled, that men shall wash their hands before handling articles of food, and that the utmost care shall be taken to prevent the infection of towels and table linen. Because of this wise precautionary policy, dysentery has almost disappeared from the army stations in the archipelago, and results almost as marked have been accomplished in treating typhoid fever. The record is one which has never been surpassed by the medical authorities of an army of white men in a tropical campaign.-The Army and Navy Journal.