MORE BERNSTORFF PROPAGANDA.

Dispatch from Washington to Berlin Nov. 1, 1916:

"As you will have learned from my previous reports, we have, since the Lusitania, case, endeavored to wind up all the so-called German propaganda, and especially to get rid of all dubious individuals. I can now say with a good conscience that we are no longer compromised. Some of the old affairs still hang on, but are more or less settled, although they will cause some further expenditure.

"At the beginning of the war many things were undertaken by the Dernburg propaganda which would never have been undertaken if we could have seen that the war would be so long, because nothing can for long be kept secret in America. Since the Lusitania case we have, strictly confined ourselves to such propaganda as cannot hurt us if it becomes known. The sole exception is, perhaps, the peace propaganda, which has cost the largest amount, but which also has been the most successful.

"Latterly I have been using the Embargo association and some entirely reliable private intermediaries. I have also made use of the German University league, founded since the war. This has done its best to take the place of the German association, which has been of no use during the war on account of its management. The league has published under my collaboration an excellent collection of reports on the war, which will be of great service to our cause. The support which I have already given the league is entered in the first quarter's account for 1916. item No. 208. On the

occasion of later installments to them I will refer to this report.

"I ask that this may be sanctioned.

"BERNSTORFF."

reor

much one sided, a thing which absolutely must be avoided."

English translation of a cipher dispatch from Bernstorff to the foreign office, dated Feb. 2, 1917:

"A 61. The director of the press bureau, Dr. Fuhr, has been paid $20,000 from the embassy fund as advance for his press expenses. The press bureau will send in a statement as to the expenditure and the sum will be entered in the fourth quarter of the embassy accounts."

"A 62. In continuation of report A 349 of 24th August, 1915.

the intermediary of the New York_representa"As your excellency is aware. I have used tive of the Wolff Agency, Herr Klaessig, in telegrams intended for you are indicated by order to send telegraphic reports to you. These the fact that they do not begin by naming the day of the week.

"In order that the reports shall not excite attention it has been necessary in many cases to disguise them in the form of press extracts or put into the mouth of members of congress when, in reality, they are not intended to be merely the expression of some individual opinion, but as being views which, in my opinion, are important for the direction of our foreign policy and for a proper comprehension of the local situation.

English translation of a telegram from Berlin to Washington via Stockholm and Buenos Aires, dated Sept. 16, 1916:

rightly criticized by a part of the German
"The reports of the Wolff bureau agent are
press as one sided, as he has reported for
but
some time nothing
indignation against
English encroachment which nobody here
takes seriously.
in the reichstag more unbiased reports seem
"As the matter will probably be taken up
to be urgently desirable.

"Please advise Klaessig in this sense."
English translation of a cipher letter from
Bernstorff to the foreign office. Berlin, dated
Oct. 27. 1916:

"In the official accounts for the first and second quarter of 1916 will be found entries of payments to Mr. Theodore Elowe. As to this I have to report that this gentleman is of German origin, and married to a German lady. He offered us his services, as he founded a weekly paper in Washington, the National Courier. This offer came at the time when we were deploring the death of Mr. John R. McLean. This latter had given nis newspaper an entirely anti-English character, so that his death left a great gap which the National Courier can unfortunately never hope to fill. The Washington Post has since been fairly neutral, but may be entirely lost to us if it cannot, as is very desirable, be put into the hands of Mr. Hearst.

English translation of a telegram from Bernstorff through Buenos Aires and Stockholm to the German foreign office, dated June 2, 1916: "No. 45 A. June 2, 1916. In conformity with your excellency's wish, I suggest that the present is a favorable time to get Hearst to send a first rate journalist to Berlin. The man selected, W. B. Hale, has been, as your excellency knows, since the beginning of the war a confidential agent of the embassy and as such he has been bound by contract until June 23. 1918. In making this arrangement the main idea was that Hale would be the most suitable man to start the ganization of the news service after peace "As to the value of weekly papers in genon the right lines. I request that full con-eral, there are here very different views. Mr. fidence may be accorded to Hale, who will Bayard Hale wishes me to propose to you the bring with him a letter of recommendation founding of a first class weekly, whereas I in from me to Dr. Hamman. Hearst is not my report No. 412 recommended the starting aware that Hale is our agent, but knows of a monthly. Personally I think it entirehim only as a Germanophile journalist who ly depends upon whether we make a happy has contributed leading articles to his papers." choice in respect of the editor. In this reEnglish translation of a telegram from Bern- spect we have had a very unfortunate experiOnly the future storff through Buenos Aires and Stockholm ence with the Times Mail. to the German foreign office, date June 5, can show whether we shall have better luck with Mr. Huntington Wright 1916: and Mr. T. incurred, or to be incurred, are insignificant. Elowe. In either case the expenses already to help the publications in question over the Moreover, we could only grant them in order difficult initial period.. A permanent support has neither been promised nor asked for. The fact of an American newspaper being subsidized can never be kept secret, because there ends in my being held responsible for all the is no reticence in this country. It always articles of any such newspaper. This is particularly undesirable when, as now. we are in an electoral campaign of the bitterest character, which is turning largely upon foreign policy.

"No. 46. June 5, 1916, in continuance of previous telegram. As Hale tells me and Hearst confirms, the latter is rather hurt that on Wiegand's account the World gets all the important Berlin interviews. I recommend that under suitable circumstances Hale should, for obvious reasons, be given preference, as Hearst's organs have during the course of the war always placed themselves outspokenly

on our side."

English translation of a telegram from Von Jagow, sent through Stockholm and Buenos Aires to Bernstorff on Jan. 31, 1916:

"Klaessig's wireless telegrams are much too long and give the impression of being too

"I have therefore with much satisfaction

to myself at last succeeded in getting out of all relations with Fair Play of Mr. Marcus Braun. I should also be glad to be free from the Fatherland, which has shown itself to be of little value.

"It is particularly difficult in a hostile country to find suitable persons for help of this sort, and to this, as well as the Lusitania case, we may attribute the shipwreck of the German propaganda initiated by Herr Dernburg. Now that opinion is somewhat improved in our favor, and that we are no longer ostracized. we can take the work up again. As I have said before. our success depends entirely upon finding the suitable people. We can then leave to them whether they will start a daily, weekly or a monthly, and the sort of support to be given. In my opinion, we should always observe the principle that either a representative of ours should buy the paper, or that the proprietor should

The

be secured to us by continuous support.
latter course has been followed by the English
in respect of the New York and our ene-
mies have spent here large sums in this man-
ner. All the same. I do not think that they
pay, regular subsidies. At least. I never heard
of such. This form of payment is moreover
inadvisable, because one can never get free of
the recipients. They all wish to become
permanent pensioners of the empire. and if
they fail in that. they try to blackmail us.
"I. therefore. request your excellency to
sanction the payment in question."

English translation of a telegram from | Bernstorff to the foreign office, Berlin, through Buenos Aires and Stockholm, dated Nov. 2. 1916:

"I request by return, telegraphic authority for payment of $50,000 to establish a first class monthly magazine.'

LIBERATION OF BELGIUM.

Scenes of enthusiasm marked the reoccupation of the whole of Belgium by King Albert and his troops from the time Bruges, Ostend and Ghent were freed as the result of heroic fighting by the Belgian armies and their allies until Brussels, Antwerp, Liege and the rest of the country was evacuated by the Germans. In each of the larger towns at the time of the entry of the king and his soldiers the inhabitants sought in every way imaginable to show their delight at the restoration of the old regime and their liberation from the hated enemy who had oppressed them for four years and more.

The state entry into Antwerp was made on Nov. 20 and into Brussels on the 21st. the occasion of his formal return to his capital King Albert received the following message from President Wilson:

should give to each the certainty of being understood when he speaks his own language and assure to him his full intellectual development, especially higher education."

In regard to the future status of Belgium, he declared:

"Belgium, victorious and freed from the neutrality that was imposed upon her by states which have been shattered to their pendence. foundation by war, will enjoy complete inderights, will rule its destinies according to its Belgium, re-established in all its aspirations and in full sovereignty."

In speaking of the manner in which the war had been brought to a On successful conclusion, King Albert referred with gratitude to the great efforts of all the entente countries and of the United States, "a new and effort, so great and enthusiastic, to that of stalwart ally which added the weight of her the other nations and caused our formidable adversary to totter."

"The White House, Nov. 21, 1918.-His Majesty King Albert of Belgium, Brussels: At the moment that you re-enter Brussels at the head of your victorious army, may I not express the great joy that it gives to me and to the American people to hail your return to your capital, marking your final triumph in this war, which has cost your nation so much suffering but from which it will arise in new strength to a higher destiny.

"WOODROW WILSON."

Having been received enthusiastically by the inhabitants of his redeemed capital, King Albert made an important speech from the throne in parliament-his first utterance in the capital since almost the beginning of the war. Near the throne stood Gen. Pershing, representing the American army: Gen. Plummer of the British army, and other generals. The chamber was filled with members, and in the galleries was the diplomatic corps, including Brand Whitlock, the American minister, who had returned to his post in Brussels.

One of the most vital points in the king's address dealt with the question of suffrage for Belgium. In this connection he said: "The government proposes to the chamber to lower, by patriotic agreement, the ancient barriers and to make the consultation of the nation a reality on the basis of equal suffrage for all men of the mature age required for the exercise of civil rights."

This statement aroused a storm of applause from all of the members. Referring to the Flemish question, King Albert said:

"The necessity of a fruitful union demands the sincere collaboration of all citizens of the same country without distinction of origin or language. In this domain of language the strictest equality and the most absolute justice will decide over the elaboration of projects which the government will submit to the national representatives.

"A reciprocal respect for the interests of the Flemings and the Walloons ought to be an integral principle of the administration and

Near the close of his address the king paid a further glowing tribute to the entente naica, which, he declared, had saved Belgium tions and made a striking reference to Amerfrom famine.

The scene in the parliament chamber was impressive. Grouped about the throne as the king entered were Cardinal Mercier in his crimson robes, Burgomaster Max, Gen. Leman, the defender of Liege, and Prince Albert of Great Britain. Queen Elizabeth with the princess and princes had preceded the king to the throne. As King Albert entered he passed in front of Cardinal Mercier, Burgomaster Max and Gen. Leman, and shook each of them warmly by the hand.

After the ceremonies in the chamber the king held an official reception to the diplomats and city officials at the city hall. Here Minister Whitlock had a touching meeting with Burgomaster Max, whom he had not seen since his arrest and deportation to Germany. The burgomaster was quite overcome with emotion.

CHRISTMAS PACKAGES BY THE MILLION.
Chief of Staff Gen. March said Dec. 14, 1918:
"We have cleared up during the week the
The steamship Maui, with 20.000 sacks, and
question of Christmas packages for France,
the Pocahontas, which sailed on the 8th with
12.000 sacks, completed a shipment of six
ships, carrying 96,000 sacks, which contained
2.248.000 Christmas packages for our men in
France, England and Italy. That will give a
Christmas package to every one
and a surplus of some 200.000 packages, so
over there
that every single officer and man or person
attached to the American expeditionary forces
will get one package. This enormous ship-
ment was handled by Gen. Hines in New York
without the slightest delay, everything going
very smoothly.'

ITALY'S WELCOME TO AMERICAN SOLDIERS.

The American consul-general at Genoa in- | city when the following manifestoes were pubformed the department of state that Il Cor- lished: riere Mercantile, published at Genoa, on June 27, 1918, contained the following in regard to the landing at Genoa of the first contingent

this pitiless war in defense of humanity, of civilization, and of right against Teutonic arrogance, already shaken on the fields of France and Italy.

After Gen. Garioni, Admiral Cagni gave the welcome in the name of the Italian navy. "The commander of the American troops re

plied briefly, saying that he was pleased to have arrived safely in Italy with the first contingent of the American army, which will go to fight here, so that soon all, under one sole banner and animated by one sole flame. may conquer in the terrible war for the triumph of humanity and right."

WARTIME CONTROL OF PRIVATE AVIATORS. The following proclamation requiring private aviators to have licenses from the government was issued by President Wilson Feb. 28, 1918: Whereas, ine United States of America is now at war, and the army and navy thereof are endangered in their operations and preparations by aircraft, I, Woodrow Wilson, president of the United States, by virtue of the authority vested in me by the constitution as commander in chief of the army and navy of the United States and of the militia of the several states when called into the actual service of the United States, do hereby for the protection of such forces issue the following proclamation:

of marking or otherwise identifying the machine, and other details intended to assure the military and naval forces of the peacefulness of the errand.

3. The license will also specify the territory and the time wherein it shall be available.

1. A license must be obtained from the joint army and navy board on aeronautic cognizance by or in behalf of any person who contemplates flying in a balloon, airplane, hydroplane, or other machine or device over or near any military or naval forces, camp, fort, battery, torpedo station, arsenal, munition factory, navy yard, naval station, coaling station, telephone or wireless or signal station, or any building or office connected with the national defense, or any place or region within the jurisdiction or occupation of the United States which may be designated by the president as a zone of warlike operations or of warlike preparation.

2. The license will specify the person to whom it is issued, the machine to be used, the persons to operate the machine, and all other persons to be carried therein, the mode

4. In case any aircraft shall disregard this proclamation or the terms of the license, it shall be the right and duty of the military or naval forces to treat the aircraft as hostile and to fire upon it or otherwise destroy it, notwithstanding the resultant danger to human

life.

5. For the present, the president designates as a zone of military operations and of military preparation the whole of the United States and its territorial waters and of the insular possessions and of the Panama Canal Zone.

6. The provisions of this proclamation do not apply to aircraft operated by the army or navy of the United States.

7. No private flying without a license will be permitted after the expiration of thirty days from the date of this proclamation.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done in the District of Columbia this 28th day of February, in the year cf our Lord 1918, and of the independence of the United States the 142d. WOODROW WILSON. By the president:

ROBERT LANSING, Secretary of State.

RED CROSS MEDALS AND BADGES.

bar bearing appropriate words and placed below the standard badge. First-aid contest awards will have a similar bar below the membership badge. The life-saving corps has a silver alloy bar.

The American Red Cross has issued from | of disaster will be recognized by a bronze headquarters instructions concerning Red Cross medals and badges. The official medal in silver, bronze or gold has been formally adopted by the Red Cross and may be awarded to such persons as give important volunteer service. The president of the corporation will bestow this in the name of the Red Cross.

There are three standard badges-the enrolled Red Cross nurse badge, the enrolled Red Cross dietitian badge and the membership badge. Bars denoting the class of service may be placed above any of these three standard badges. For instance, the insignia for home defense nurses shall be a white enamel bar bearing the words "home defense nurse," and shall be used in connection with a standard membership badge. The life-saving corps has a similar bar with the words "life-saving corps.' Red Cross physicians, surgeons and other Red Cross medical practitioners may wear a white enamel bar above the standard membership badge, with the words "medical service."

Field service in the war zone or in the military camps in the United States or specially meritorious service in the civil areas in times

Country and loan.

General service with the Red Cross will be recognized by a service bar which will be worn independently or below a standard membership badge. It is authorized for award to all classes of Red Cross workers at national headquarters, at division headquarters, or at chapters, branches or auxiliaries, both volunteer and paid, and including officers, clerks and those engaged in chapter or division workrooms. This bar is of white enamel, bears a red Greek cross in the center and is given after four months of service comprising not less than 200 hours. On completion of the next period of service this bar may be exchanged for similar bar with a tiny star at each end. Bars may be exchanged as the period of service grows, so that each star awarded indicates not less than 800 hours' work, and a five-star bar indicates not less than 4,000 hours' work. Service periods will be counted from Jan. 1, 1918.

GREATEST WAR LOANS.

United States fourth liberty loan, 44 per cent
British victory loan, early in 1917, 5 per cent
United States second liberty loan, 4 per cent..
United States third liberty loan, 44 per cent...
Eighth German war loan, 4% and 5 per cent..
French war loan of 1915, 5 per cent..

Austrian seventh war loan, 5 per cent.

1,150,000,000

Italian fourth war loan, 5 per cent..

1,000,000,000

Hungary, seventh war loan, 6 per cent..

600,000,000

Canadian victory loan, November, 1917, 5% per cent..

418,000,000

TRAINING OF BOMBING CREWS.

The war department in July. 1918, issued | practice in everything except work in the air. the following interesting statement prepared by the military aeronautic department describing the special training of bombing crews: During the first year of the war there were no aerial bombing organizations in the allied flying corps. Practically all the work in the air was in the nature of observation. No pilots could be spared for anything else, whereas to-day probably 25 per cent of the aerial arms are bombing squadrons of twelve machines per squadron.