Contoured: An irregular but smoothly undulating surface, like the surface of a relief map.

Rimose: Abounding in chinks, clefts, or cracks.

(D) Internal Structure of Colony (Microscopical).— Refraction Weak: Outline and surface of relief not strongly defined.

Refraction Strong: Outline and surface of relief strongly defined; dense, not filamentous colonies. I. General:

Amorphous: Without definite structure, as below specified.

Fig. 118.-Types of colonies: a, Grumose; b, moruloid; c, clouded.

Hyaline: Clear and colourless.

Homogeneous: Structure uniform throughout all parts of the colony.

Homochromous: Colour uniform throughout. 2. Granulations or Blotchings:

Finely granular.

Coarsely granular.

Grumose: Coarser than the preceding, with a clotted appearance, and particles in clustered grains (Fig. 118, a).

Moruloid: Having the character of a mulberry, seg

mented, by which the colony is divided in more or less regular segments (Fig. 118, b).

Clouded: Having a pale ground, with ill-defined patches of a deeper tint (Fig. 118, c).

3. Colony Marking or Striping:

Reticulate: In the form of a network, like the veins of a leaf (Fig. 119, a).

Areolate: Divided into rather irregular, or angular, spaces by more or less definite boundaries.

Gyrose: Marked by wavy lines, indefinitely placed (Fig. 119, b).

Marmorated: Showing faint, irregular stripes, or traversed by vein-like markings, as in marble (Fig. 119, c).

colonies-curled.

Rivulose: Marked by lines like the rivers of a map.

Rimose: Showing chinks, cracks,

or clefts.

4. Filamentous Colonies:

Filamentous: As already defined. Floccose: Composed of filaments, densely placed.

Curled: Filaments in parallel strands, like locks or ringlets, as in agar colonies of B. anthracis.

(E) Edges of Colonies.—

Entire: Without toothing or division (Fig. 121, a). Undulate: Wavy (Fig. 121, b).

Repand: Like the border of an open umbrella (Fig. 121, C).

Erose: As if gnawed, irregularly toothed (Fig. 121, d).

Fig. 121.-Edges of colonies: a, Entire; b, undulate; c, repand; d, erose.

Lobate.

Lobulate: Minutely lobate (Fig. 122, e).

Auriculate: With ear-like lobes (Fig. 122, f).

Lacerate: Irregularly cleft, as if torn (Fig. 122, g). Fimbriate: Fringed (Fig. 122, h).

Ciliate: Hair-like extensions, radiately placed (Fig. 122, j).

Fig. 122.-Edges of colonies: e, Lobar-lobulate; f, auriculate; g, lacerate; h, fimbriate; j, ciliate.

(F) Optical Characters (after Shuttleworth).

1. General Characters:

Transparent: Transmitting light.

Vitreous: Transparent and colourless.

Oleaginous: Transparent and yellow; olive to linseed-oil coloured.

Resinous: Transparent and brown, varnish or resincoloured.

Translucent: Faintly transparent.

Porcelaneous: Translucent and white.

Opalescent: Translucent; greyish-white by reflected

light.

Nacreous: Translucent, greyish-white, with pearly lustre.

Sebaceous: Translucent, yellowish or greyish-white. Butyrous: Translucent and yellow.

Ceraceous: Translucent and wax-coloured.

Opaque.

Cretaceous: Opaque and white, chalky.

Dull: Without lustre.

Glistening: Shining.

Fluorescent.

Iridescent.

2. Chromogenicity:

Colour of pigment.

Pigment restricted to colonies.

Pigment restricted to medium surrounding colonies. Pigment present in colonies and in medium.

Streak or Smear Cultures.—

Gelatine and Agar.-Note general points as indicated under plate cultivations.

Inspissated Blood-serum.-Note the presence or absence of liquefaction of the medium. (The presence of condensation water at the bottom of the tube must not be confounded with liquefaction of the medium.) All Oblique Tube Cultures.

1. Colonies Discrete: Size, shape, etc., as for plate cultivations (vide page 208).

2. Colonies Confluent: Surface elevation and character of edge, as for plate cultivations (vide page 209). Chromogenicity: As for plate cultures (supra).

Gelatine Stab Cultures.

(A) Surface Growth.-As for individual colonies in plate cultures (vide page 209).

(B) Line of Puncture.

Filiform: Uniform growth, without special characters (Fig. 123, a).

Fig. 123.-Stab cultivations-types of growth: a, Filiform; b, beaded; c, echinate; d, villous; e, arborescent.

Nodose: Consisting of closely aggregated colonies. Beaded: Consisting of loosely placed or disjointed. colonies (Fig. 123, b).

Papillate: Beset with papillate extensions.

Echinate: Beset with acicular extensions (Fig. 123, c).