STRIKES, ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, STRIKERS AND EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT

OF WORK, BY STATES AND GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS, 1881 TO 1905-Concluded.

a Not including 1 strike involving 12 establishments not reported.
Not including 1 strike involving 21 establishments not reported.
Not including 2 strikes involving 33 establishments not reported.

The largest numbers of strikes occurred, as might be expected, in
the most important industrial States of large population. The
greatest number of strikes in any one State occurred in New York,
the number in that State being 10,199. In Pennsylvania there were
4,159 strikes, and in Illinois 3,624.

The number of establishments involved in strike was 51,597 in
New York, 29,176 in Illinois, and 24,985 in Pennsylvania.

In a consideration of strikers and employees thrown out of work,

Pennsylvania occupies the first position. The number of strikers

was 1,690,414 in Pennsylvania, 1,422,778 in New York, and 895,593

in Illinois. The number of employees thrown out of work was

2,242,934 in Pennsylvania, 1,674,290 in New York, and 1,207,000 in

Illinois.

The average number of establishments per strike was 5.1 in New

of strikers per strike was 140 in New York, 406 in Pennsylvania, and

247 in Illinois. The average number of employees thrown out of

work was 164 in New York, 539 in Pennsylvania, and 333 in Illinois.

The largest number of establishments per strike was in Colorado, the

average in that State being 9.7.

The presentation by geographical divisions shows that a much

larger number of strikes occurred in the North Atlantic and North

Central divisions than in the other divisions, which occupy less impor-

tant positions industrially. The average number of establishments

involved per strike was the highest in the Western division and much

lower in the South Atlantic and South Central divisions than in the

corresponding Northern divisions. The average number of strikers

per strike was the highest in the North Atlantic and South Atlantic

divisions and the lowest in the Western. The average number of

employees thrown out of work per strike was the highest in the North

Central division and the lowest in the Western.

LOCKOUTS, ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, EMPLOYEES

LOCKED OUT, AND EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF

WORK.

In the series of three tables which follow are presented for lockouts

statistics similar to those shown for strikes in the preceding series of

tables.

The first of these tables presents the data by years.

LOCKOUTS, ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, AND EMPLOY-

EES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY YEARS, 1881 TO 1905.

The total number of lockouts during the period from 1881 to 1905

was 1,546, the number of establishments involved 18,547, the number

of employees locked out 716,231, and the number of employees

thrown out of work 825,610.

The average number of establishments involved per lockout was

12, the average number of employees locked out 463, and the average

number of employees thrown out of work 534.

During the 25-year period, the smallest number of lockouts within

any one year was 6, in 1881, involving 9 establishments, locking

out 655 employees, and throwing out of work 655 employees. In

1903 there were 154 lockouts, the largest number within any one year,

involving 3,288 establishments, locking out 112,332 employees, and

throwing out of work 131,779 employees.

The average number of establishments per lockout varied from 1.3

in 1896 to 38 in 1900. The average number of employees locked

out per lockout varied from 92 in 1896 to 859 in 1887, and the average

number of employees thrown out of work from 109 in 1881 to 1,044

in 1900.

Similar data by industries are presented in the table which follows:

LOCKOUTS. ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED. EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, AND EM-

PLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY INDUSTRIES, 1881 TO 1905.

Hosiery and knit goods.

10

74

7.4

14,526

119

710 18,232

1,453 14,526

17

760

1,453

LOCKOUTS, ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, AND EM-

PLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY INDUSTRIES, 1881 TO 1905-Concluded.

The greatest number of lockouts occurred in the building trades.

In that industry were 255 lockouts, involving 10,142 establishments,

locking out 221,064 employees and throwing out of work 245,762

employees.

The manufacture of cigars and cigarettes occupies second place

so far as number of lockouts is concerned, but the second place is

occupied by the manufacture of men's clothing so far as establish-

ments involved are concerned, and by the coal and coke industry so

far as employees locked out and employees thrown out of work are

concerned.

The average number of establishments per lockout varied from

1 to 123.2; the average number of employees locked out from 10 to

2,000, and the average number of employees thrown out of work from

The table by States and geographical divisions follows:

LOCKOUTS, ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, AND EM-

PLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY STATES AND GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS,

1881 TO 1905.

[See Table XVII, pages 738 to 741, for notes relating to general lockouts extending into two or more

The greatest number of lockouts within any one State occurred

in New York; in that State were 326 lockouts, 6,422 establishments

involved, 222,853 employees locked out, and 269,415 employees

thrown out of work. In Pennsylvania were 164 lockouts, 2,276