From the above statement it appears that 84 per cent. of the donated lands have been sold; and the following shows the property already invested in industrial education aggregates seventeen and a half millions: To conclude the series of exhibits, the smaller diagrams, the charts in the show-frame illustrating the above-named branches of statistical exposition, together with further letter-press illustration of the real extent of our agricultural resources and present production, are gathered together in the form of a statistical album, for preservation of the substance of the exhibits, and as a fragmentary record of a century's progress and memorial of the great centennial anniversary. J. R. DODGE, Statistician. CHEMICAL DIVISION. CATALOGUE OF COLLECTION PREPARED BY THE CHEMICAL DIVISION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOR EXHIBITION IN THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION OF 1876. WILLIAM MCMURTRIE, Chemist in Chief. The collection prepared under the direction of the chemical division of the Department of Agriculture consists of soils and fertilizers and of materials intended to illustrate the utilization of those agricultural and horticultural products, the value of which depends upon their chemical changes to render them fit for consumption. Further than this, the collection contains a series of products illustrating the utilization of American dairy products. In order to carry out this general idea the collection was made up in two grand divisions, viz: A. Soils and fertilizers. B. Vegetable products, the value of which depends upon their chemical composition, and the methods for the utilization of which involves chemical processes. The first grand division consists of: I.-Soils taken from different geological formations. II.-Rocks of known composition, with samples of soils formed from them by disintegration and decomposition. III.-Marls: 1. Calcareous or shell marl. 2. Phosphatic marl. 3. Green sand marl. IV.-Natural fertilizers: 1. Mineral. 2. Vegetable. 3. Animal. V. The combination of natural fertilizing materials for production of the so-called commercial or artificial fertilizers. The second grand division consists of: 1. Cereals and the products resulting from their utilization. 2. Materials illustrating the production of sugar. 3. Products illustrating the processes of fermentation of amylaceous and saccharine substances, and the production of alcoholic liquors from them by distillation. 4. Products illustrating the processes of preparing tobacco for consumption. 5. Tanning and dyeing materials. 6. Materials illustrating the utilization of wood by dry distillation. 7. Vegetable products prepared and preserved for food by special methods. 8. Products of the American materia medica, and the active proximate principles separated from them. The dairy products are divided into 1. Salt. 2. Annatto. 3. Cheese. 4. Butter. On account of the limited time and means at the disposal of the division the groups represented are not entirely complete. The collection will, however, serve to illustrate the object and the work of the division, viz, the application of geology and chemistry to the study of agriculture and the utilization of agricultural and horticultural products. A.-SOILS AND FERTILIZERS. I. SOILS FROM DIFFERENT GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS. The materials included in the first group of this grand division were prepared under the supervision of Prof. George H. Cook, State geologist of New Jersey. It was the intention of the Department to have had all the specimens presented analyzed, but the means at its disposal would not admit it. In order, therefore, to show the composition of soils from the different formations we present, in connection with averages of several analyses published by Professor Cook in the first annual report of the State Board of Agriculture of New Jersey. While the individual specimens exhibited may have a slightly different composition than is represented by the figures given, the variation with this regard will never be found very great. I. SOILS TAKEN FROM DIFFERENT GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS. 1. Soils arranged with reference to the geological formation from which they were taken. A.-GNEISS SOILS. 1. Surface soil, from Hon. Aaron Robertson's farm, Schooley's Mountain, Morris County, New Jersey. This soil has never been cultivated or manured. Average composition: SiO2, 68.89; Al2O3, 11.55; FeO, 4.95; CaO, 1.11; MgO, 1.37; K2O, 1.95; Na2O, 0.41; HSO4, 0.04; Cl, trace; P2O5, 0.18; H2O, 1.64; organic matter, 6.86. |