II. The Unsaturated Hydrocarbons of the Olefine Series . VI. Diazo and Azo Compounds. Hydrazines VII. Phenols and their Derivatives and Quinones VIII. Aromatic Alcohols, Aldehydes, and Ketones PART I. ELEMENTARY PHYSICS. CHAPTER I. MATTER, FORCE, AND MOTION. 1. Introductory. Science is the attempt to classify facts or observations according to apparent points of resemblance or difference and to suggest underlying causes for these. Matter is that which occupies space and is apprehended by the aid of our senses. Physical Sciences.-All branches of physical science, as opposed to metaphysical science, are concerned with the study of matter, its properties, forms, motions, and the laws which determine and regulate these. We may again distinguish between the descriptive or natural history sciences, such as mineralogy and geology, botany and zoology, which are chiefly concerned with the outward forms and appearance of matter, and the exact physical sciences, such as chemistry and physics, which are concerned with the internal composition of matter and the motions. of which it is capable. Relationship of Physics and Chemistry.—It is obvious that, while the range of phenomena covered by physics and chemistry is a very wide one, the relation of the two branches is very close, that they are mutually dependent one upon the other, and that a clear understanding of the results of the one science involves at least a knowledge of the generalizations of the other and a summary of its results. An outline of those branches of physics which bear most closely upon chemical phenomena should, therefore, precede the detailed study of the latter science. 2. General Definitions. Extension.-Matter has already been spoken of as occupying space. It therefore has extension, and this conception of it |