Also many others less often quoted, and extending down to the 13th century. Lucifer, Bp. of Cagliari Pelagius, resided in Rome, Sicily and Africa . 354 d. 367 ABBREVIATIONS. THE designations of the Manuscripts and Fathers will be readily understood by referring to the preceding account. Gb, the Greek N. T. of J. J. Griesbach, vol. 1, containing the Gospels, edited by D. Schulz, 1827. This is the one also referred to by Tischendorf throughout in his Various Readings. Gbo signifies a word, or clause, or passage, in Griesbach's opinion perhaps to be omitted; Gb°°, probably so. Gb', perhaps the true reading; Gb, a reading nearly equal, or equal, and perhaps preferable, to the one retained in the text. Lm, the Greek N. T. of Charles Lachmann, vol. 1, containing the Gospels, 1842. [Lm], readings regarded by Lachmann as doubtful; Lmmg, alternative readings in the margin. Td, the Greek N. T. of A. F. C. Tischendorf, 8th ed. 1864 -'69, containing Mt. 1—Jo. xxi. 24; Vol. 1, 7th ed. 1859, containing the Four Gospels. [Td], a word or passage considered by Tischendorf as doubtful. Tg, the Greek N. T. of S. P. Tregelles, vols. 1, 2, containing the Four Gospels, 1857, '60; [Tg], words in the text regarded by Tregelles as very doubtful; Tg-mg, alternative readings in the margin, where the authorities seem divided between these and the text; [Tg-mg], words somewhat doubtful; Tg-mg "om.", exceedingly doubtful. Mey., the various readings adopted by H. A. W. Meyer in his Commentaries, Mt, 1858; Mk and Lk., 1867; Jo., 1862 Al., the Greek N. T. of Dean Alford, vol. 1. 5th ed. 1863. Dav., Davidson's Introduction to the N. T. vss, versions. om., omit; pref., prefix; w., with. vv, verses; v, verse; tr., transpose. itt., some copies of the old Latin; it., all of them. syrr, the Peshito and syr-p.; syr-each, these two and the syr-jr.; syr-cu, Dr. Cureton's. Eus-can (canons), the Gospels as arranged in a Harmony by Eusebius, on the basis of a previous one by Ammonius (Sections of Ammonius). Elz., the ed. of the N. T. by the Elzevirs (printers at Leyden, who probably took Stephen's 3rd as their basis), 1624. The diamond ed. of 1828 has been followed. St., the text of Stephen's of 1550, edited by Scrivener, and commonly called the Received Text. Where these last two agree, Elz. denotes both; where they differ, each one is quoted. scr., attached to the designation of a MS, denotes one examined by Scrivener. SMALL CAPITALS, in the Var. Read., generally denote the variations by Td. from the Received Text, as expressed in the Translation; inverted commas inclose generally quotations whether from the C. V., or from the Translation. [ ]. The words bracketed in the text of the Translation are not in the Greek. They are in part an expedient to represent to the English reader what is only in the Greek text; in a few instances they are an explanation of the text, to represent at once what the Translator understands to be the true meaning. The words themselves, especially the article and the verb to be, are often absolutely necessary from the English idiom; and indeed these will be sometimes found not inclosed in brackets. The Var. Read. need to be studied with the C. V. also in hand. VARIOUS READINGS CITED FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS AND FATHERS. THESE Various Readings are chiefly those of Tischendorf, where his text differs from our Common English Version, and the difference can be expressed to English readers. They are those adopted by him in his 8th edition of the Greek New Testament, 1864-'69, which has been published as far as John vi. 23; and beyond that they are taken from his 7th edition of 1859, and his "Synopsis Evangelica", 2nd ed., 1864. The readings adopted by other eminent critics are given, particularly where they agree with Tischendorf, to show that the text, which thus has their concurrence, may be relied on as quite probably the true text. Some of the readings are adopted by Tischendorf alone, and these are entitled to great consideration; such as have both his support and that of Lachmann, or Tregelles, to still more. Beyond the point, to which thus far Tischendorf has published, in his latest edition, the various readings of the Sinaitic Manuscript are more generally given; and in many instances here, as well as in some others, a different text from Tischendorf's, supported by Tregelles, or other weighty authorities, has been adopted in the Translation. But in every instance of this kind, the reading adopted also by Tischendorf is faithfully quoted. In many cases the various readings are inaccuracies, such as are incidental to the most accurate and careful persons, even to Tischendorf and Tregelles themselves; some proceeded from weariness or haste; not a few arose from the attempt to harmonize or explain; some from the feeling that all the Evangelists must have spoken under inspiration exactly alike on exactly the same topics; a few quite probably were alterations for ecclesiastical or doctrinal purposes. A very large number of the readings which we have given, as will be obvious at a glance, do not in the least affect the essential meaning of the Gospels, nor essentially differ from the so called Received Text, or Common Version; and there are thousands of others still less important. The words or verses omitted from one Gospel by the critics will generally be found in some other, or are a repetition of words in the context. To exhibit these facts, was a leading motive for undertaking the labor of collecting and comparing the readings; every one of which the Translator has himself sought out and verified. In a few instances the authorities of the Manuscripts themselves, as given by Tischendorf, Tregelles, and others, are presented, that the reader may decide for himself— where indeed only a decision as to what is probably correct can after all be reached, and no certainty can be attained, or have been designed by the Spirit of Truth to be attained, on points on which the authorities are so divided. But often, by a slight change, the meaning is considerably modified, and made more clear. It is as when a touch of the original artist's pencil is disclosed, which, by some accretion or fading in the course of time, had become hidden. A patient, careful, appreciating eye will discover much that will deeply gratify, and be highly prized. CHAPTER I. MATTHEW. Title. ACCORDING TO MATTHEW: Td. Text. Rec.), lit. for: Lm Td Tg [Al]. 19. MAKE AN EXAMPLE OF: Gb Lm Ta Tg Mey Al."a public example": Elz Gb. 25. A SON (om. "her first-born"): Lm Td Tg Al. In Lk. ii. 7, no various reading. CHAPTER II. 3. the king, Herod: Lm Td Tg A. 17. THROUGH: Gb Lm Td Tg Mey Al. 18. WEEPING AND MUCH LAMENTATION: Gb Lm Td Tg Mey Al. 21. ENTERED INTO: Lm Td Tg Al. MSS. CHAPTER III. 1. Now (or, And): Elz Gb°Lm Td Tg Al. 2. om. "And": Im Td [Tg] Al. 7. om. "his" (the baptism): Lm Td [Tg] 8. FRUIT: Gb Lm Td Tg Mey Al. 10. om. "also": Gb° Lm Td Tg Mey Al. 12. add "his" to "garner": Lm Tg. 14. om. "John": Lm Td Mey [Tg]. 16. om. "unto him": [Lm] Td. - om "and" (4th): Lm Td [Tg] [Al]. |