The Olympia opened fire at 9:30 in the morning on the old Fort Malate; her shells falling short, the Raleigh and Petrel took it up. The shots improved, the Olympia changed position, and then did more effective work, as did the others. In the meantime, the remnants of the Spanish forces that had been about the fortifications had withdrawn

toward the city. The firing continued till 10:30, when the order to cease firing was given to the fleet, and the surrender signals shown to the Spanish fort. There not being an immediate answer, the fleet was ordered to close up. Every captain in the fleet, it is stated, was watching for the white flag. Capt.

Lamberton was on the after

bridge of the Olympia with the Admiral and said: "I don't see that white flag yet over that red roof." They were to raise the flag on the southwest corner. The Admiral said it had been there for some time, and by close observation all discovered it, raised at the appointed place. The Spanish signaled back and asked a conference, and negotiations forthwith were begun and completed as per agreement.

During all this time not a shot was fired from a Spanish gun, and the Spaniards remained within the walled city.

GEN. MERRITT ORDERS AN ATTACK.

Turning now to the land forces, it should be noted that on the afternoon of Friday Gen. Merritt had issued this general order:

"A combined land and naval attack will be made on the enemy's works to-morrow, the 13th inst., at noon.

Our lines will make no

"It will consist of a naval and artillery attack. advance, but will hold the trenches, the infantry covering the artillery.

"The 1st Brigade will hold the right of the line, and, operating on the ManilaPasai Road, have for its immediate objective the Spanish block-house No. 14 and adjoining trenches.

"The 2d Brigade will hold the left of the line, operating along the beach and the trenches adjoining.

"The 1st Brigade will put eight battalions in the firing line, and hold three in reserve. The 2d Brigade will put three battalions in the firing line, and hold eight in reserve. The reserves of both brigades will be held in column of battalions in the open field to the west of Camino Real and 500 rods south of the intersection of the Camino Real and the road to Pasai. The reserves will be under the general direction of the division commander, whose position will be on the Camino Real near the reserves.

"The men will take one day's cooked rations, canteens filled with water, and a minimum of 100 rounds of ammunition for the Springfield rifle and 150 for the Krag-Jorgensen. The reserve ammunition will be held with the reserves.

"Brigade commanders will distribute necessary entrenching tools among the several organizations.

"The general hospital will remain in camp. Ambulance stations will be established on the beach in the rear of the left, one at Pasai, in the rear of the right, and one on the Camino Real, near the reserves.

"All positions should be taken up by 9 A. M., the 13th inst., except the reserves, which will take position at 11 A. M. Our line will not advance except

under orders of the commanding general in the field."

This order, however, was not fully observed, as shown by the following: All instructions to division and brigade commands were of the nature that precluded a determined assault, although the men were equipped for a long, hard struggle. Besides his gun and accouterments, each man carried 200 rounds of ammunition, two days' rations of meat and hard bread, and mess kit, The front

as to fire, so that waste of ammunition and time should be avoided, and for the movements of regiments, had been given. If an assault was ordered, it was to have been made by successive battalions in extended order, each regiment covering a battalion front and the distance between the battalions to be about 200 yards. The whole command were intact and silent for some time, while the bombardment from the fleet of Fort Malate was going on, its effects being in plain view of most of the command. Then the Utah Battery opened fire at 1000 yards' range, aiming just below the crest of the parapet of the fort, as directed. The shots were very effective. A six-inch shell from the Olympia now pierced through the three-foot wall of the fort and exploded in the magazine, wrecking it completely.

THE ALLEGED PEACEFUL PROGRAM MISCARRIES.

In the morning, just before the attack, Gen. Merritt sent instructions to Gen. Greene to send forward one regiment as soon as the bombardment had produced any effect, and without waiting for the signal given on the fleet to surrender, he now ordered the Colorados to advance. The advance was made through an open field in front of the trench, and partly along the beach in the water. Upon this advance the Spaniards opened fire from the woods and trenches back of the fort. It is claimed that had the advance not been made there would not have been a

single rifle shot fired that day. The program was that the advance should not be made till after the surrender signal was given. The Spaniards, therefore, not knowing of this late order, could not understand this advance, and opened fire. The Colorados continued their ad

vance, wading up the beach and entered the now vacant fort, Lieutenant-Colonel McCoy of the Colorados being in command. The Spanish flag was hauled down and the Stars and Stripes ran up in its stead. The exhibition brought a round of hurrahs from the troops. Here the colorbearer of the Colorados was killed.

HELIOGRAPHIC WORK BY THE SIGNAL CORPS.

Gen. MacArthur was shut off from the view of the fleet, but seeing the flag raised on the fort, he ordered the attack on block-house No. 14. The two batteries, Astor and Utah, quickly made this a ruin. The 13th Minnesota rushed in and captured part of the forces there and in the trenches. The command pressed on to block-house No. 13, which took fire, a great quantity of small cartridges therein exploding. The whole front of the column now moved rapidly onward, the 13th Minnesota being in advance, and with them the Astor Battery, dragging their guns by hand and pushing on along the Cingalon Road, and the 23d Inf., pressing forward on the road which parallels this west. All through this locality a hot fire was being poured into the ranks. The locality was such that a view of the signal of surrender could not be seen, and the Americans continued advancing and firing by volleys. At Cingalon cross-road was a strong position held by the enemy, and from this a galling fire was being poured into our advance, also an enfilading fire from a block-house about 200 yards east. Capt. Sawtelle, of Gen. MacArthur's staff, reconnoitered the position while the troops were massing for assault, and, with Lieut. March of the Astor Battery, then led the charge against this position with detachments from both the battery and the 13th Minnesota, they volunteering for the purpose. The artillerymen, leaving their guns and charging with revolvers, the Spaniards were quickly driven from their positions.

It is difficult to reconcile all this with the theory that the program was entered into which should provide for the surrender of Manila without loss of life, unless it be that some of the subordinate commands were not apprised of the arrangement and that the Spaniards resisted under a misapprehension. They were on the alert to hold positions against the insurgents, and as the insurgents were known to occupy advanced positions here, they might have mistaken our advance for that of the insurgents.

This ended the fighting of MacArthur's Brigade, which had instructions, after this place had been secured, to move westward and eastward and occupy the approaches to the city from Paco, locating the forces at the bridges near Paco, and also in the suburbs of Ermita and Malate. Greene's instructions were, if no great resistance was met in the advance, to go on through Malate and Ermita, and thence move the columns around the city walls and occupy the suburbs east

and south of the city and cover all approaches. None of the force was to enter the walled city. After carrying the first line of the Spanish entrenchments and fort, the advance columns of Greene's Brigade moved forward toward the

AN EFFECTUAL METHOD OF COLLECTING RENT.

For use of vaults in cemeteries in Manila, a certain rental fee is charged, and when this is not paid by the estate or friends of the occupant he is taken out and left in the manner shown.

city and deployed from the Calle Real, the 18th Infantry and the 3d Artillery to the right, and, moving against the Spanish trenches back of the first line, uncovered the forces in the thick woods and brush and marsh. The 1st California and the 1st Colorado held positions covering the

Calle Real barricades and thence to the shore line west. In this way they moved up to Malate, where the force was reformed in the open square about Malate church. Up to this time the advancing column had met sharp random firing from the enemy, much of it coming from the houses and places of cover, which the Californias and those exposed routed, often by assault. Reforming, the 18th Inf. and the 1st California were to move through the main streets, the 1st Colorado in the parallel streets on the right and the 1st Nebraska along the beach. The Callao kept slightly in advance in the bay and in position to rake all lines of trenches in advance of the moving columns. The 3d Art. and the 10th Pennsylvania occupied the reserve. The Pennsylvanians had been in the trench for twenty-four hours, but were pressing hard for an advance position. Desultory firing met this advance, and when the open near the Luneta was reached, the firing was sharp from the right.

At this time the white flag was flying from the southwest bastion of the city wall. Some of the insurgents had gone through by some of the approaches at Paco, and it was thought the firing came from them. There were now several thousand Spanish regulars within the city walls, and no firing came from any of this body. The day's work was done. What remained to be done was to take and hold possession of the approaches to the city and distribute the forces according to previous instructions. The capitulation was now going on.

After hoisting the white flag, the Spaniards signaled for a conference. FlagLieutenant Brumby and Lieutenant-Colonel Whittier, representing the army and

navy, were despatched in response to this, and the preliminary terms of surrender were arranged between them and Captain-General Augustin, Acting GovernorGeneral Jaudenes and Admiral Montejo. This occurred in the City Hall.

Gen. Merritt, on the return of the American representatives, went ashore to the City Hall with escort of the 2d Oregon. Two other battalions of the Oregon followed and took position in front of the Government Building at 2:36 P. M.

On return of Lieut. Brumby to the flagship with the preliminary terms of surrender, Admiral Dewey hoisted the signal, "Enemy has surrendered." With some modification, the preliminary terms as drawn were signed, and the Spanish flag hauled down and replaced with the Stars and Stripes. The following are the articles of capitulation:

ARTICLES OF CAPITULATION.

The undersigned, having been appointed a commission to determine the details of the surrender of the city and defenses of Manila and its suburbs, and the Spanish forces stationed therein, in accordance with agreement entered into the previous day by Major-General Wesley Merritt, U. S. A., American Commander-in-Chief in the Philippines, and His Excellency Don Fermin Jaudenes, Acting General-in-Chief of the Spanish army in the Philippines, have agreed upon the following:

1. The Spanish troops, European and native, capitulate, with the city and defenses, with all honors of war, depositing their arms in the places designated by the authorities of the United States and remaining in the quarters designated and under the orders of their officers and subject to the control of the aforesaid United States authorities until the conclusion of a treaty of peace between the two belligerent nations. All persons included in the capitulation remain at liberty, the officers remaining in their homes, which shall be respected as long as they observe the regulations prescribed for their government and the laws in force.

2. Officers shall retain their side arms, horses, and private property. All public horses, and public property of all kinds, shall be turned over to staff officers designated by the United States.

3. Complete returns, in duplicate, of men by organizations, and full lists of public property and stores shall be rendered to the United States within ten days from this date.

4. All questions relating to the repatriation of officers and men of the Spanish forces and of their families and of the expenses which said repatriation may occasion, shall be referred to the government of the United States at Washington. Spanish families may leave Manila at any time convenient to them. The return of the arms surrendered by the Spanish forces shall take place when they evacuate the city, or when the American army evacuates.

5. Officers and men included in the capitulation shall be supplied by the United States, according to their rank, with rations and necessary aid, as though they were prisoners of war, until the conclusion of the treaty of peace between the United States and Spain. All the funds of the Spanish treasury and all other public funds shall be turned over to the authorities of the United States.

6. This city, its inhabitants, its churches and religious worship, its educational establishments, and its private property of all descriptions, are placed under the special safeguard of the faith and honor of the American army.

F. V. GREENE, Brigadier-General of Volunteers, U. S. A.

B. P. LAMBERTON, Captain U. S. N.

CHARLES A. WHITTIER, Lieutenant-Colonel and Inspector-General.
V. E. H. CROWDER, Lieutenant-Colonel and Judge-Advocate.

NICHOLAS DE LA PENA, Oidor-General de Ejercito.

CARLOS REYES, Coronel de Ingenieros.

JOSE MARIA OLAQUEN, Jefe de Estado Mayor.
WESLEY MERRITT, Major-General.