Schlegel (op. cit.), No. 123, interprets this title The Clear Guide to Instruction, Les Règles Claires pour agir. 352. KITAB al Jeváreh li Muhammed bin Abdullah bin 'Umer al Bázyar. THE BOOK OF HAWKS of Muhammed, the son of Abdullah, the son of 'Umer the Falconer. No. 54 of Hammer Purgstall. 353. KITAB al Jeváreh veh al la'b beha, veh alajatiha li Abi Dulef al Gasim Ben Isa. THE BOOK OF HAWKS, and their training and maintenance in health, by Abu Dulef al Gasim Ben Isa. No. 55 of Hammer Purgstall. 354. KITAB Ajaib ul Makhlúgát li Kazvíní. THE BOOK of the Wonders of Creation, by Kazvíní. No. 56 of Hammer Purgstall. See Rieu, Cat. Persian MSS. in Brit. Mus., ii. pp. 462, 463. The author is Zakaria bin Md. bin Mahmud ul-Kamuni ul-Kazvíní. A Persian translation of the Arabic original was published at Tehran, A.H. 1264, i.e., A.D. 1848, and a German translation by Dr. H. Ethé, at Leipzig, 1868. 355. HAYAT UL HAYAWAN li Damiri. THE LIFE OF ANIMALS, by Damiri. No. 57 of Hammer Purgstall. The author died A.H. 808, i.e., A.D. 1405. Copies of his work may be found in the British Museum, together with Persian adaptations (cf. Rieu, Cat. Persian MSS. ii. p. 842 b). 356. KITAB Manáfa' ut-Tair veh alajatihim. THE BOOK of the Usefulness of Birds, and their maintenance in health. To this title, No. 58 of Hammer Purgstall, is the note "Catalogus Codicum Orientalium Bibliothecæ Bodleianæ a Joanne Uri confectus. P. I. p. 106. C. 393." 357. KITAB al Buzát ul-Turk. THE BOOK OF HAWKS of the Turk. No. 59 of Hammer Purgstall. 358. KITAB Ghatrif li Abi al Gasim. THE BOOK of Ghatrif, by Abu al Gasim. No. 60 of Hammer Purgstall. In the Turki text the author is styled Abú al Gásim. 359. KITAB AL TAIR li Ibn Sina. THE BOOK OF BIRDS of Ibn Sina (i.e., Avicenna). No. 61 of Hammer Purgstall. Tardif, in the Preface to his "Livre de l'art de Faulconnerie" (No.142), states that he translated from the Latin book of King Dancus, and from the Latin works of Moamus, Guillinus, and Guicennas (vide anteà, p. 72, note). The book of Moamus, as already shown (p. 181), was a Latin translation from the Arabic of some falconer, named Mohamed, or Mohamin. Rigault, No. 314, refers to him as Moamus Arabs, and in the Biblioteca Naçional, Madrid, there is a MS. entitled Mohamin, Tratado de Cetreria, traslado del Arabe al Latin, por N. Theodoro, Bibl. Naçional, Madrid, L. 141. Possibly the treatise by Guicennas, who, according to Lallemant (No. 175), was an Arab, was similarly translated from the Arabic of Ibn Sina. As to Guillinus, so called, he is perhaps identical with the Guillelmus Regis Rogerii Falconarius, quoted by Albertus Magnus (No. 300), cap. xviii. and xxi. 360. SID MOHAMED el MangaLI. Traité de Vénerie, traduit de l'Arabe par Florian Pharaon, avec une Introduction par M. le Marquis de Cherville. Tiré à 300 exemplaires numerotés. Paris. 1880. 8vo. The Arabic text is printed with a French translation. A review of it is given by Harting, No. 79 (op. cit. pp. 362–370). See note to No. 212, anteà, p. 104. For some details of the sport as practised by the Arabs, the reader may be referred to Dr. Thomas Shaw's "Travels in several parts of Barbary and the Levant," folio, Oxford, 1738, reprinted in vol. xv. of Pinkerton's "Collection of Voyages and Travels;" Pierre de Castellan," Souvenirs de la Vie Militaire en Afrique," 8vo, Paris, 1849; C. Van Breughel, Dutch Consul at Tripoli, quoted by Schlegel, op. cit. p. 70; Canon H. B. Tristram, "The Great Sahara," 8vo, London, Murray, 1860, pp. 63-66, 81, 274; and General Daumas, whose work, "Les Chevaux du Sahara et les mœurs du Désert," 8vo, Paris, 1862, has been translated into English (see No. 199) and Spanish (No. 254), and contains a section on hawking as practised by the Arabs. Through the influence of the Moors in Spain a variety of Arabic terms relating to Falconry, and names for different kinds of hawks, were introduced into that country. Such words, for example, as "Alcotán," " Alfaneque," "Azor" (Arabic, assor), "Bahari" (from Bahr, the sea, indicating the migratory nature of the Peregrine Falcon, to which species this name is applied), "Borni" (al borni, the Barbary Falcon, from the province of Bornou), "Nebli," "Sacre" (from çaqr or sakr), "Tagarote," &c., are frequently to be met with in old Spanish books on Falconry. For an explanation of them the reader should consult the useful and interesting work of MM. Dozy et Engelmann, "Glossaire des Mots Espagnols et Portugais derivés de l'Arabe," 2nd ed. 8vo, Leyden, 1869. Chinese. THE Chinese and Japanese titles here given have been taken, with a few exceptions, from the Traité de Fauconnerie (No. 194), of Schlegel, whose transliteration has been preserved to whom they were communicated by Hoffmann from the originals in the Japanese collection at Leyden. A few additions to the list have been made from Japanese books in the writer's own collection, and from others. in the library of M. PIERRE A. PICHOT, of Paris. To that gentleman and to Mr. F. V. DICKINS, of the London University, the writer is indebted for much kind assistance in the preparation of this portion of the Bibliotheca Accipitraria. It should be observed that Schlegel's French titles were translated from the German of Hoffmann, and, as the Chinese and Japanese characters are not given by him, it has been impossible to test the accuracy of the transliteration, in which there is reason to believe several mistakes have been made. 361. WEI YEN CHIN. YNG FOU. WEI YEN CHIN. CLASSIFICATION OF FALCONS. This work, No. 119 of Schlegel's Catalogue, is a practical production, and dates from the Soui dynasty, A.D. 581-617. An extract from it is given in No. 366, vol. xliv. p. 4. Li Chi Tchin, the author of the Chinese Natural History (No. 363), has also borrowed from it some of his descriptions. It may be here observed that in Chinese there are several words which denote a hawk or falcon, but that generally used by experts is Yng. See note to No. 363. 362. ANON. YNG HO FANG. ANON. THE ART OF THE FALCON. No. 118 of Schlegel's Catalogue, cited by the author of the Japanese work, San Kai Mei san dsou e (No. 369), as having whence Falcons were first sent to the See note to No. 365. emanated from the Corea, 363. LI CHI TCHIN. PEN-TS'AO KANG MOU. LI CHI TCHIN. A GENERAL NATURAL HISTORY. Sixteenth century. No. 116 of Schlegel's Catalogue. Contains a few notices of Falcons and their capabilities for the chase. The author states that the technical Chinese name for a Falcon is Yng, so called because it strikes with the breast (yng), an observation which is entirely erroneous, although, strange to say, it is indorsed by Schlegel (op. cit. p. 65, note) as une observation très-juste! Every falconer knows, or should know, that hawks, on stooping at the quarry, always strike with the feet, and more particularly with the powerful hind talons. According to this Chinese author, the best hawks come from the province of Liaotoung, and only the natives of Southern China, he says, make use of eyesses. He adds that the birds employed (Falcons and Goshawks) are flown chiefly at pheasants and hares, although the Sparrow-hawk is used for taking quails. 364. ANON. OU TSA TSOU. ANON. THE FIVE MISCELLANEOUS CATEGORIES. The author of this work (No. 117 of Schlegel's Catalogue) states that the Falcons from Liaotoung are the most highly prized, and that those from China are inferior to those from the Corea. He gives an outline of the Chinese method of training hawks, which is commenced by first hooding the bird with a hood of soft flax, and then starving it for a time. In ten days the hood is removed and the wings are brailed. In six or seven weeks the hawk is flown at midday (when all other birds are supposed to be at rest), and, being unable on this account, as he says, to find food, it will come down to a pheasant thrown out as a lure. This method is not nearly so good as that adopted by European falconers, and occupies twice as many weeks as are necessary. It is from this work chiefly that the article on Falconry in the "Chinese and Japanese Encyclopædia," by Simayosi Anko, 1714 (No. 366), seems to have been compiled. For further information concerning the practice of Falconry in China and Tartary, see the Travels of William de Rubruquis, who was sent as Ambassador to different parts of the East, in 1253, by Louis IX., and who mentions, amongst other things noted by him, the use of the halsband for Sparrow-hawks; the Travels of Marco Polo, who gives an account of Falconry as practised, during the latter half of the thirteenth century, by the Chinese Emperors of the Mongolian dynasty and successors of Genghis Khan (Marsden's translation, 4to, London, 1818; and Colonel Yule's edition, 2 vols. 8vo, London, 1875); John Bell (of Antermony), “Travels to Pekin," 2 vols. 4to, Glasgow, 1763; Strahlenberg (op. cit., cf. anteà, p. 191), who states that |