CANALS. In a speech delivered in the French from Alexandria to Sennar, in which there are no chamber of deputies on the 5th July, by M. Cha.less than 180 falls or cataracts, of greater or lesser baud Latour, on the subject of improving and ex. magnitude. He thinks he has discovered the island tending the canal system of France, is the following of Meroe, in the slip of land between the Dender passage: "The United States of America, in the and the Rabb; where he discovered 45 pyramids, course of an independent existence of only forty covered with hieroglyphics. He met here with years, have established more communications by M. Cailland, and his companion, who followed iswater than old Europe in all its states. The spirit mail Pacha, one of the sons of the viceroy. He waitof association has created numerous companies, and ed for the armed vessels to proceed as far up the canals have been made with as much promptitude Nile river, and see whether it comes, as is said, as economy." from the great inland lake, and is connected with the Niger, or at least in its neighborhood.

MR. BALDWIN, a representative in congress from Pennsylvania, who nearly died at Washington after MR. BRAHAM. It is reported that this stage the last session, has since been seriously indispos- songster is about to honor us, by leaving Enged and travelling for the recovery of his health, land to sing for us one year for the moderate sum which now is partially restored. On the morning of forty thousand dollars. The editors of the Naof the 16th ult. it was known that he would re- tional Intelligencer, noticing this matter, have obturn to his home, in Pittsburg, that day-and theserved, "we shall be glad to hear what our friend people, by one general and spontaneous movement, Niles will say to this folly." All that it is needful to resolved to welcome him after his long absence say is easily said-"friend Niles" pays nothing to from among them. A salute of 13 guns was fired, England for his coats, and will not pay any thing to the mayor and city council were suddenly convened, transient Englishmen for songs-though pleased to and the volunteer companies ordered out. At about hear good music on rightful occasions and reasonatwo miles from the city line, he was met by the ble terms. Yet the managers of our theatres may civil authorities, the battalion of volunteers, and a make money by exposing this musical biped to large concourse of the citizens-when judge Walk the public-and persons will spend 10 or 20 dollars er, in the name and on behalf of the multitude asto hear him, who have defrauded their honest cresembled, delivered the following short, but perti-ditors out of scores of thousands, or suffer them

nent address:

"The committee of arrangement of the town councils and military, on behalf of the citizens and volunteers of the city of Pittsburg, have requested me to tender you their hearty welcome on your return. You ask the cause of this assemblage of your fellow-citizens? They answer-Their gratitude for your tried services in the national council, which, while they have given you a distinguished place among the American statesmen, have reflect ed their lustre on the district and the country.-Their regret that they are about to lose a representative who broke the first ground in a system of finance and national policy, which will form an era in the political history of the republic. Their sympathy for your protracted indisposition, produced by their's and their country's cause, prosecuted with all the labor and industry of counsel, and all the zeal and eloquence of advocacy. Their joy for your restoration to health and home."

selves to be dunned by those who supply them with milk for their coffee and tea. It is even yet the fashion rather to be extravagant than to be honest-though the state of society is evidently improving; more perhaps, of necessity than from inclination.

MEXICO. Iturbide is playing the emperor right handsomely. The establishment of his household is splendid-masters of horse, captains of the guard, aids de camp, almoners, confessors, chaplains, preachers, tutors, surveyors of the palace, masters of ceremonies, gentlemen of the bed chamber, gentlemen ushers, pages, &c. &c. are in abundance; the empress, also, has her officers, ladies of honor, &c. in equal stile, and the prince of the empire has his governor, tutors, &c. The emperor has institated an order of knighthood, which he calls the Imperial order of Guadaloupe, himself being the grand master, and there are crosses and grand To which Mr. Baldwin replied, that he felt whol- crosses--many priests are in this body. The empely unable to express to his fellow citizens the feel-ror and empress were crowned on the 21st July, ings which this occasion had excited in his mind, with great pomp and ceremony. The coins are to and he should not attempt it; that there was no re-bear his bust on one side, on the reverse an eagle ward for one's exertions or services so highly to be valued, as such an expression of the confidence and attachment of his constituents: he could never forget it; it could be attended with but one source of regret, that he had been able to effect so little for those who had honored him so much

The procession was formed in a suitable order by marshals, and mov ed through the principal streets to the residence of Mr Baldwin.

crowned, &c. We cannot believe that these things will last-the people of Mexico are not prepared to yield up their liberties so easily; and the exam. ple of the United States on one side, and of Colombia on the other, we trust, will make his imperial majesty feel a little uneasy in his seat-the throne of Montezuma.

HAYTI. Our trade with this important island is increasing and after that which we have with AFRICA. The viceroy or pacha of Egypt, in pro- Great Britain, France, Spain and their dependensecuting his scheme of conquering of the country cies, it is, perhaps, more valuable to us than any on the Upper Nile, will probably be the means of other-taking off a large amount of the products of furnishing the world with much information about our fields and forests, and latterly receiving consithe interior of Africa. The army is under the com-derable quantities of our manufactures. In the mand of two of his sons, who have several learned Europeans in their train-one of them, Mr. Zuccoli, an officer of engineers, is charged with the geographical survey of the country, and a letter from him has lately been received by his correspondent in Germany. He has made a survey of the Nile

estimation of Edwards, the geographer and historian of the West Indies, the plains alone are capable of producing more sugar and other valuable commodities than all the British West India islands put together. The population is rapidly increasing and knowledge is diffusing--and, if the government

Shall remain stable and continue to be administered as it now is, a powerful and wealthy nation will spring up in a few years.

THE PIRATES OF CUBA, probably checked by our vigilant cruisers, do not shew themselves so active as heretofore; but recent accounts tell us that they have plundered two or three vessels. The British sloop of war Tyne was cruising off Cape Antonio, to protect the trade.

returnable in parliament, which costs you 81. 88. and your plaintiff 1007. Should he have the courage to follow you through all your proceedings, then file a bill in the exchequer, which will cost about 5 or 61. and if he answers it, it will cost him 80%.. more. After this you may file a bill in chancery: which will cost about 107; and if he does not answer this bill, you will get an injunction, and, at the same time, an attachment from the court against him, and may take his body for contempt of court in The privateers of Porto Rico are capturing and not answering your last bill. You may file your bill carrying in a number of vessels, which are con- in the court of chancery, instead of the exchequer, demned by the court--and it appears also, that the only the latter costs you the least. If you are at privateersinen have sometimes conducted them- any time served with a copy of a writ, take no furselves with much cruelty to those who have hap-ther notice of it than by keeping it; when you are pened to fall into their hands. The U. S. ship John declared against do not fail to put in a special plea Adams proceeds first to Porto Rico, where certain immediately, and most likely you will hear no more explanations will be demanded of the authorities of the business, as your plaintiff will probably not of the island, in respect to the pretended blockade like to incur any further expense, after having been of the Colombian coast. at so much."

SUGAR. The Aurora says, no sugar was raised in the East Indies, for exportation, till 1792. Since then, the quantity has rapidly increased, and bids fair to supercede the West India, as it is produced at much less expense. Vast quantities of sugar are expected to be furnished by the Colombian republic. If there should be an excess of this article, as may be expected, attention should be turned in a greater degree to coffee, cocoa, indigo, &c.

THE LAWS! A London paper of the 18th of June contains the article that follows. It developes a system of fraud which, though in some respects peculiar to that of England, may be also applied to the practice in the United States, without the least variation in its principle or operation.

In the investigations that have taken place before a committee in the house of commons, on the subject of insolvent debtors, Mr. Thomas Clark (at the time clerk of the court) stated, that in a debtor's book, he found a paper, "wherein it was pointed out to debtors how to harass creditors." He had heard, he said, that it was sold from one prisoner to another, in a printed form, for six pence each. That witness then delivered to the committee a book, from which the following extract was read; it is extracted from the parliamentary report:

"Law proceedings.

When arrested and held to bail, and after being served with a declaration, you may plead a general issue, which brings you to trial the sooner of any plea that you can put in; but if you want to vex your plaintiff, put in a special plea; and, if in custody, get your attorney to plead in your name, which will cost you 11. 18. your plaintiff 311. as expenses. If you do not mean to try the cause, you have no occasion to do so until your plaintiff gets judgment against you; he must, in the term after you put in & special plea, send what is termed the paper book, which you must return with 7s. 6d otherwise you will not put him to half the expenses. When he proceeds, and has received a final judgment against you, get your attorney to search the office appointed for that purpose in the Temple, and when he finds that judgment is actually signed, he must give notice to the plaintiff's attorney to attend the mas ter to tax his costs, at which time your attorney must have a writ of error ready, and give it to the plaintiff's attorney before the master, which puts him to a very great expense, as he will have the same charges to go over again. The writ of error will cost you 47. 48. If you want to be further troublesome to your plaintiff, make your writ of error

On the 12th inst. if fair-if not, on the 13th, the anniversary of the battle of North Point or of the bombardment of Fort McHenry-the statue is to be placed on the top of this beautiful and classic structure, in the presence of the 3rd and 14th bri. gades, &c. and under discharges of artillery and appropriate music from the united bands of our vo lunteer companies. We shall probably give a description of the ceremonies-and now present the following account of the monument itself.

Explanation of the Baltimore Monument, erected by the city of Baltimore, to the memory of the brave citizens who fell in the battle of North Point, and the bombardment of Fort McHenry, in defending the city, on the 12th and 13th of September, 1814-from the design of Mr Maximilian Godefroy. The statue, the two bass-relievos and four griffins, executed in Baltimore, by signor Antonio Cappella no, late first statuary and sculptor of the court of Spain.

1st. The principal part of this monument presents a Fasces, symbolical of the union, the rods of which are bound by a fillet, on which are inscribed, in letters of brass, the names of the brave killed in defence of the city; because, by their glorious death, they strengthened the bands of the union.

2d. The Fasces is ornamented with two bass-relievos, the one on the south front representing the

The distresses in Ireland increase. So great is the want of food, that a bullock, which died of a mortification, and the flesh of which had become putrid, was actually dug up and devoured on the fourth day after it was buried in the ground several feet deep to prevent infection! Nothing can be conceived more horrible than this. Hundreds die daily-the hospitals are filled with the sick; but the prospect of the harvest is favorable, and sub. scriptions in England for the relief of the people, amount to nearly 200,000.

In the British house of commons, a motion was brought forward by Mr. Lennard, having in view the recognition of the independence of the South American states. Lord Londonderry said, that out of respect to Spain, he would not side with the South Americans at present, further than by cultivating a friendly intercourse with the southern states, while they remained, de facto, a government; he should, therefore, oppose the motion. It was lost by a majority of 35.

battle of North Point and the death of the British general Ross, and the other on the north front, a battery of Fort McHenry, at the moment of the bombardment. On the two other fronts, east and west, are Lacrymał Urns, emblems of regret and tears. On the top are bound two wreaths, one of laurel, and one of cypress; the first expressive of glory, the second, sepulchral and mourning. On the square base, are the inscriptions in letters of brass. This part is supported by a square Egyptian base ment; this style being especially consecrated to tombs. Fach of the four angles of the cornice is decorated with a Griffin with an eagle's head, (as an emblem of the United States), because this hieroglyphic having been dedicated to the sun, and often employed by the ancients in the front of their temples, has become the emblem of glory and veneration. Each centre of the Egyptian cornice is adorned with a winged globe. The globe represents eternity, and the wings time, which flies. On each of the four fronts of the basement is a false door, in the antique style, closed with a single tablet of black mar. On the 23d July, Mr. Canning presented a peti. ble, to give the idea of the remains of the brave be- tion to parliament, from certain merchants, who had ing deposited in the edifice, and is what is called a suffered losses by piracy, and praying assistance to cenotaph. There are steps to ascend these doors obtain redress. The ministers stated, they expe. in the socle, which forms the base around the whole.rienced a difficulty, because the depredators had 3d. The Egyptian basement, above mentioned, is commissions of some kind or other, [this is a misentirely rusticated, as this style announces strength; take as to the Antonio pirates], but that they had and the layers of stone which compose it are eigh-applied to the Spanish government, who had pro. teen in number, in memorial of the eighteen states mised to give strict orders on the subject. Mr. which formed the union at the period of the event Canning said the question was how long we should which this monument commemorates. The prin- wait for redress and security. He did not think cipal parts form also altogether thirty-nine feet, to the time for action had arrived, but he thought it shew that it was founded in the thirty-ninth year of not far distant. the independence of the United States.

Lastly-The edifice, which is entirely of marble, on the above mentioned anniversary, will be sur. mounted by the colossal statue, representing the city of Baltimore: the head of the figure bearing a mural crown, emblematic of cities; in one hand she holds an antique rudder, the emblem of navigation, and in the other she raises a crown of laurel, as she looks towards the fort and field of battle. At her feet are, on one side, the eagle of the United States, and a bomb, in memory of the bombardment.

On the 16th of July, a petition was presented to the British parliament, from certain persons of Leeds, stating that they viewed with horror and detestation the murder of their christian brethren, the Greeks, by those inhuman and blood thirsty barbarians the Turks, and praying for the interference of the house. The petition was ordered to be printed.

The society of Friends in England have proposed to take, the lead in obtaining a subscription for the relief of the suffering Greeks,

The only thing yet to be done to complete that To the credit of the underwriters at Lloyd's, it beautiful monument, is the marble platform or ba- is said that they utterly refused to insure a certain sis, which is to be inclosed with an iron railing, or-vessel lying in the Thames, loaded with arms and namented at each corner with half cannons of munitions of war for the use of the Turks. bronze. It is to be sixteen feet three inches wide 1,100,000 ounces of silver have been lately shipat the base of each front. The height of the mo-ped to Russia by one house in London. nument, without the statue, is forty-two feet eight inches; and the statue being, with its dependencies, nine feet six inches, makes the monument fifty two feet two inches above the platform.

FOREIGN NEWS.

The contest as to West and East India sugar continues in England. It is stated that the latter could be sold for from 2d. to 3d. per lb. The West India is at 6d.

It appears by the following article that the com. munication is now direct from London to Calais-From London papers of the 24th July. The steam yacht Lord Melville, left her moorings Great Britain. There is some one hardy enough at the Tower, at 7 o'clock on the morning of July to speak of an appropriation of the revenues of 17, with 120 passengers and six carriages, for Calais the church to a payment of the national debt!--reached that port at 7 in the afternoon-disem. How monstrous, that so many thousand fat parsons should be compelled to make an honest living!

barked her passengers, and took on board 40 or 50 others for London, and arrived again at the Tower on the following morning.

From returns to parliament, it appears that the debts of six thousand and ninety petitioning and dis- A case of crim, con. was lately tried in Dublin, charged debtors amounted to upwards of five mil- wherein Mr. Owen Georghagan Nolan was plaintiff, lions and a half, while the amount of the property and lord Glentworth defendant. In the course of received by the assignees was one thousand four the examination, letters from the husband were hundred and ninety-nine pounds!!! This was some.read in defence, congratulating his wife upon the what more than four shillings from each debtor's estate to clear upwards of five millions and a half of debts.

The king is to visit Scotland, and there intends to appear in the Highland dress.

birth of a child, not his own, anticipating another; and expressing the utmost anxiety to behold the fruits of her guilt! The damages were laid at 10,000%. in lieu of which the jury gave a verdict of 1408. and 6d. cost.

France evidently appears to be preparing to act against Spain. A late letter from Paris says "Government has concluded a contract for 10,000 horses for the artillery, &c. All the different officers have been ordered to their posts, and the conscripts of 1821 are ordered to join the army."

So great is the number of English residents in Paris, that an English theatre is to be opened in that city. Economy, or rather stile at a moderate expense, drains England of hundreds of thousands annually.

Spain. The population of the fifty-one provinces of Spain, as ascertained by a census taken in the last year, amounts to 11,248,026 souls.

lant national militia, and the no less gallant troops of the garrison. But the perjured rebels paid dear for their temerity. Overthrown in every direction, dispersed and straggling, those who have saved their lives endeavour to repair to the palace of the monarch. Many are concealed in houses. Those wretched men obtain, perhaps, a merciful asylum from the generosity of the persons they intended to assassinate. Public tranquility and public safety, however, require that all these measures, which the existing circumstances call for, should be promptly adopted. Your constitutional Ayuntamiento, therefore, orders every citizen to deliver up, without delay, any guardman whom he may We have a great deal of matter in relation to have received or concealed in his house, under the the state of this kingdom. A body of the king's penalty which the laws inflict on criminals guilty of guard, to the amount of 1500 men, revolted at Ma-high treason. Citizens, the unfortunate wounded, as drid on the S0th of June, and with arms in their well as all the other prisoners who have fallen into hands marched to the Prado--Here they were ex- the hands of the brave defenders of our liberties, horted by Morillo to return to their duty, but they have been treated with that compassion and ge. asked him to place himself at their head; on which nerosity which the contemplation of unhappy men, he indignantly left them. They remained toge-misled by black intrigue and vile seduction, dicther until the 6th of July, when, persuasion having tates to truly liberal minds. In fine, though factious, failed, force was resorted to, and some fighting they are Spaniards; they are our brethren, and the took place--after which they capitulated, but still conquerors are Liberales. The cause of the country a party attempted to escape; these were pursued has triumphed--the nation, the constitution, and and many of them killed. A great part of this liberty for ever. By order of the Ayuntamiento. body appears to have suffered death, and the sur. vivors were chiefly in close confinement. Morillo, Riego, Ballasteros and others high in authority, be haved exceedingly well on this trying occasion. It is said that Morillo was offered five millions of dollars, if he would put himself at the head of the guards; but he said that the oath of a Spaniard was better than that sum.

Francisco Fernandez, Secretary.

Portugal. By the plan suggested for the election of the cortes, it appears that the population of this kingdom amounts to 3,016,300 souls. The amount is supposed to be decreasing.

Russia. Though nothing of a decisive character is yet known, it appears highly probable that Alexander has lowered the Greek cross to the Turkish crescent, through the instrumentality of the holy alliance.

The factious were in great force in Catalonia-it is said 1000 of them were killed in one battle. The country at large, is no doubt much disturbed; but It is stated from St. Petersburgh that the imperial it is difficult to ascertain the extent of disaffection.guards had returned to that city. In addition to the The last accounts from Madrid represent the capi- other proofs that no war is to take place with Turtal as being tranquil, and say also that the insurgents key, a sort of manifesto, considered as official, from in the provinces were declining in force. Some ap. St. Petersburgh, is published in the Frankfort pear to suspect that the king secretly countenances journals. We extract from it the following passage: these revolutionary movements, and that it is the "The state of the case is simply this:object of the factious to get possession of his person-so he may be considered as a sort of prisoner at Madrid, not actually restrained as yet, but closely watched by the Constitutionalists.

1. Russia is in a state of difference with Turkey, but which has arisen from the breach of treaties and the law of nations on the part of the Turks, and in which the Greek insurrection has no direct share.

The public indignation is strongly excited against France, who is strengthening ber armies on the 2. Russia has not by any means shewn a tenden. Spanish frontier, and seemingly prepared for in-cy to offensive war, but it is able to repel every atstant hostilities; and it is thought that the factious tack. are encouraged by the French. Why France should quarrel with Spain, we cannot imagine, unless in enmity to her constitutional government.

3. Russia has signified to the Turkish govern. ment, by the intervention of England and Austria, in what manner the ancient relations may be reestablished."

In alluding to the events at Madrid, the Paris Constitutionel says "A meeting was held by the Turkey. The details of the proceedings of the Foreign Ministers at that place, to sign a declara-barbarians at Scio, seem to be more and more horrid, tion for the information of their governments. The if possible. It is stated that upwards of 5000 chilAustrian and another minister were for ascribing dren have been hung, drowned or otherwise dethe blame of what had happened to the revolution-stroyed by the Turks, putting to death 50 or 60 of ists, but Mr. Forsyth, the American minister, would them at a time, by various means, as if it were for agree to no such statement"

Madrid, July 8.-The following proclamation by the constitutional Junta of Madrid was issued last evening.

People of Madrid-Spanish blood has flowed in the streets of this city, shed in consequence of the conduct of traitors to their country-perjured men, who have violated the sacred oaths by which they swore a defend liberty. The rebel battalions of the royal guards, which had taken a position in the Prado during the night, secretly entered the capital and attacked the defenceless population, the gal.

amusement!-But yet it does not appear that the Greeks have become dispirited, and, though abandoned by the "magnanimous Alexander," it is probable that they will maintain their ground for a con. siderable time-but we are now hopeless of their success, unless the infernal alliance of kings against men is shaken to pieces. It is officially stated that 30,000 women and children have been exported from Scio as slaves!

Many troops are arriving at Smyrna from the interior of the Asiatic provinces, and a body of 4000 Egyptians are said to have reached Stancho. It

seems that the Persians are still at war with the negyric on the government and people of the U. Turks, and it is reported that they have lately gain-States; accompanied by the grossest and most ed a battle near Erzerum. The island of Scio, was detestable calumnies against this country that folthe dower of a sister of the sultan, and she has takenly and malignity ever invented. An Englishwoup the butchery of the people so warmly, that it is man, with the proper spirit and feeling attached thought the captain pacha will lose his life for his to that proud title, would blush to be thought the inbuman conduct, though her brother appears will-author of such a work. We will not, we cannot, ing to excuse it.

A great number of Greek families have taken refuge in Marseilles.

A Turkish frigate was, in July, fitting at Deptford, Eng. with arms, &c. which it was reported was to be manned with English officers and sailors!

Reports of the proceedings of the British in sup port of the Turks are reiterated. The Greeks had released several Austrian ships having supplies for the barbarians, on the condition that the cargoes should be landed in some christian country. Three Turkish vessels and a corvette laden with *spoils and captives from Scio, had been taken by a Greck squad on and carried into or.

possibly, believe that one so lost to shame exists among us; and are rather disposed, therefore, to attribute it to one of those wretched hirelings, who, under the assumed names of travellers, residents in France, Italy,' &c. supply the radi cal press with the means of mischief. Our first conjecture, indeed, on opening the correspon dence, was, that we were indebted for it to the consistent Mr. Walsh, who, finding that his former work had made no converts on this side the At lantic, (with the exception of our northern bre thren, to whom the subject endeared it), had attempted to revive it under a more taking title.-A regard to justice, however, compels us to add, that the perusal of a very few pages convinced us that the calumnies are too stupidly outrageous to come from him; and, to say a bold word, we know Brazil. Captain Davis, arrived at New York, in of no other American that could justify even a forms that about the first of June, a rencontre took guess. Such, however, as the correspondence is, place at St. Salvador between the inhabitants and we must proceed with it. We can smile at the European troops; the Brazilians insisting on a go-bloated vanity which proclaims a Solon and Ly. vernment of their own choice. In the contest, 300 curgus to be mere simpletons in legislation com. of the latter were killed, principally citizens.pared with a Jefferson; and Hannibal a bungler by Prince Don Pedro had sent 10,000 stand of arms, 100 officers, 3,000 men, a frigate and three corvettes, from Rio, which force sailed on the 13th of July.

There is a report that the Asiatic troops in Moldavia were in a state of rebellion, and had taken post on both banks of the Danube.

Colombia. A vessel containing British manufac tured goods, valued at 25,000/, sterling, had sailed from London, for the republic of Colombia.

The Dutch government is stated to have intimat. ed to the Colombian republic, that the moment any European power acknowledges them, they will be the first to follow the example.

Canada. A Quebec paper says-The arrivals this season were 391-settlers 8,987. [Of whom at least one half have passed into the United States.] The same paper observes-The Catholic population of Lower Canada in 1820, was 333,000, that of the city of Quebec 4,000, and that of Montreal 12,000; as the ratio of increase for several years past has been found to be one twentieth per annum, it may, therefore, at present be considered as amounting to near 360,000. The Protestant population will not exceed 40,000; so that the whole population of Lower Canada may be fairly stated at 400,000 souls.

British Quarterly Review.

The fifty third number of this abusive work has been received, and contains a review of Miss Wright's travels in this country. The rage, mortification, jealousy, malignity, and insolence of those pen. sioned reviewers, may be gathered from the following remarks. They now have the chalice returned to their own lips;' they now have a taste of that retort which has long been their due; and they have to encounter the additional mortification of learning that Miss Wright is an Englishwoman. These reviewers will have a second dose to swallow when they receive Sketches of Old England, by a New England man.'-[Nat. Advocate.

"The fourth and last article is an impudent at. tempt, we conceive, to foist into public notice, under a spurious title, namely, that of an Engishwoman, a most ridiculous and extravagant pa-!

the side of a general Jackson, whose most glorious achievement, we believe, (before his unparalleled campaign in the Floridas), was that of the murder of two unarmed Englishmen. Nay, we can hear, without much impatience, that the American government is the perfection of all human institutions; that justice is cheaply dealt out, with such an even hand, to high and low, that slavery even ceases to be a curse; that a spirit of universal benevolence pervades all classes of society; that poverty is unknown, oppression unfelt, and dishonesty unpractised: but when we are told that the people of the United States are far superior to the English in all intellectual endowments, in the decencies of life, and in their general conduct towards each other and to strangers: that they have not, like ús, disgraced themselves with an established church, supported by penal laws, the work of statecraft and priestcraft united:-in short, that relief from all the evils which the old governments of Europe have inflicted upon the poor and industrious, is only to be found in America'-it becomes a duty to rise up and expose the fallacies, in order to check the ruinous consequences which they are but too well calculated to entail upon those credulous people who are liable to be deluded by them."

Treaty of Ghent.

In common justice to Mr. Floyd, as well as for a right understanding of the matter, we cheerfully giveplace to his letter to the editors of the Rich mond Enquirer, explanatory of his views in calling for certain papers relative to the negociations at Ghent, to which we have added a note thereon by Mr. Adams.

We thank Mr. Floyd for the act of justice which he has rendered to our motives-but his name was not mentioned by us, nor did we regard hin as originating what we reproved: his objects were apart from electioneering; but the progress of things, we must think, justified the general re marks that were made on the subject-see last vol. page 220, We have the pleasure to know Mr.