French held it-Henry the IV. was then on the fa fallen down house in the village of Kaskaskia, and throne, and the Jesuit, father Cotton, was his con- told "that was the Jesuits' college:" he might be fessor. This Jesuit conceived the design of con- pointed to a stream of water below St. Louis called verting the Canada Indians, and the first question La Rivierre des Peres, (river of the fathers), and to with him was to raise the ways and means. Man, another above, called La Rivierre des Maines, (the said Mr. B. is an excitable animal, and woman still river of the monks)-and informed that these walls more so, and, above all, a Frenchman and a French and these names are the only vestiges which now woman. The Jesuit knew this: so he addressed remain of all the labors of that powerful order in himself to the ladies of the court and of the city of this magnificent valley. Paris The effect was electric. High and low Mr. B. pointed to Lake Superior, and said it was rushed into the project. Enemies in every thing the same thing there. The site of the chapel which else united in this. Mary of Medicis, wife of the contained 800 worshippers in the time of Charle. king, and the marchioness Verneuil, his mistress, voix, was now unknown. Nay, more: the knowledge vied with each other in the profusion of their dona- of the fact that missionaries had ever been there, tions. The duchesses D'Aiguillon and Lesdeguier- was itself in danger of being lost. He had the aures, and the countess Guercheville, figured in their thority of sir Alexander McKenzie, for asserting train. The gazeties of the day were spangled with that this knowledge, even thirty years ago, was con the names and titles of female patronesses of mis- fined to the stream of tradition and to the memory sions, Money, clothes and valuable effects, flowed of some superanuated old men, If such had been in upon the Jesuit. Young ladies were even sent the fruit of missions patronized by such men as to Canada to nurse the sick christian Indians, and Henry the 4th and the duke of Sully, Louis the 13th that superb establishment in Quebec, the Hotel and cardinal Richelieu, Louis the 14th and the great Dieu, was founded by the duchess D'Aiguillon for Colbert, led by an order who, for energy and devoan Indian bospital. To repay so much liberality the tion, have been styled the Janissaries of the papalJesuit missionaries sent back the most wonderful throne, Mr. B. said, that he, for one, was ready to accounts of their success. According to their re-despair of any great success from our empty poc. ports the Six nations, and divers other nations, kets and discordant forces. were converted, and the Island of Orleans, (below Mr. B. said, that he had covered more ground Quebec), contained six hundred Indian monks and than the terms of the resoultions required, and nuns, regularly divided, male and female, into two he had done so designedly. He had seen in a distinct societies. The zeal of the ladies rose to gazette of the city the copy of a constitution, frenzy, and father Cotton had to moderate it. and a list of the grand dignitaries of a vast soMr. B. said that the French Calvinists, all the ciety announced for the conversion of Indians.while, insisted that the Jesuits were doing no good The list embraced all presidents and ex-presidents; to the Indians, but acquiring much power and rich-all secretaries of war, and treasury, and navy; all es for themselves--for which they were, of course, judges and governors, generals and commodores, stigmatized by the Jesuits as the enemies of the In- preachers and school-masters, and all members, dians. On which side the better reason was, might present and to come, of both houses of the congress be guessed at from the fact, that, when the English of the United States. As a member of the senate, government succeeded to the sovereignty of the he found himself included in the list, certainly Canadas, they found the Jesuits in possession of very his approbation. He had, therefore, made this exwithout his knowledge, and equally certain without few converts, and in the enjoyment of very large revenues; no less than forty-four thousand dollars per annum, which went to the British crown upon the extinction of the order some years ago: and there ended the charities of Parisian ladies in favor of converting American Indians.

8

position of his sentiments to shew that he did not countenance the views of the society. He was laid under a necessity of doing so, for the constitution and list is printed in this city; the elections are said to have taken place in this city; all is done, as it would seem abroad, in our very presence; and, But, Mr. B. said, it was not father Cotton and if we do not except to the procedure, we agree to the ladies only who had tried this business and it: silence gives consent. And what impositions failed in it. All the kings of France, from the dis- may not be practised? The ninth article creates a covery of Canada in 1600, to the cession of that committee of ways and means-five the complement province and Louisiana in 1763, had made the same and three the quorum. This committee is enjoined experiment, with the same wonderful success into devise and prosecute to effect the measures most the beginning, and the same miserable result in the practicable and best adapted to supply the society's end. In the reigns of these kings, the missionaries treasury with the necessary funds to carry on its ope covered the valley of the Mississippi, and carried rations." This quorum of three are the soul of the their adventurous zeal to the shores of Lakes Superior and Winipec, and to the banks of the Saskat chiwine river, every where converting nations, and building chapels, and bringing to their altars innu. merable worshippers of the only true and living God. And yet, what is the present fruit of all this labor? If a traveller on the banks of the Mississippi should inquire for the monuments of that time, and of that work, he might be pointed to the walls of

*Le desir d'imiter la reine des vierges, faisoit embrasser le celibat a un tres grand nombre des filles; et la conduite edifiante de ces epouses de Jesus rendoit respectable, parmi les sauvages, un etat qui, peu d'annees auparavant, y avoit ete meprize."-Charlevoix, Histoire de la Nouvelle France, al. 2, p. 55.

society; they are to raise the wind! How? Nobody knows. Who are they? Nobody knows. What may they not do in the name of this redoubtable society! They may run subscriptions through all parts of Europe and America, and who could have the courage to refuse a mite to such a formidable array of beggars? The weak and credulous would give what was due to their children, their servants, or their poor neighbors, under the delusive idea that the great men whose names they saw were seriously engaged in converting Indians, and would faithfully apply all that was received to that object.

Mr. BROWN, of Ohio, said, in answer to the call thus made on him, by the gentleman from Missouri, that he could only observe that he was unable to give an estimate, tolerably correct, of the value of the property in Ohio, possessed by the United Bre

thren. He believed that the cultivated portion of their grant was comparatively small, and, to all appearance, the revenue derived from it could not be very considerable; he was uninformed what might have been the amount, as well as its application. The state of Ohio, for several years, exempted the land from taxation. In the course of the time, since the first Moravian mission was sent to the Tuscarawas (now fifty years or more), it would seem, from their own accounts, that their zeal for propagating the gospel had been so successful as to assemble a large congregation of Indians, whom they had converted to christianity, which congregation has now become nearly extinct; owing to massacre, wars and dispersion, together with many of the vices that usually attend a degraded community, so that the unfortunate Indians, in that region, under the spe cial protection of the Brethren, have dwindled to a few families; comprehending, in all, perhaps, twenty individuals, inhabiting a wretched hamlet called Goshen, on the Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum; exhibiting, like the persons of the natives, an appearance of squalid wretchedness. They have among them a resident from the society, and are said to cultivate a common field in a rude and imperfect manner. This remnant shews no symptoms of mental improvement; but, on the contrary, many marks of their degradation appear in their idleness, want, and habits of intoxication among the men. As the condition of these Indians, to whom the professed benevolence of the United Brethren has been extended, seems, said Mr. B. in no way improved, the ostensible object of that mission, in which Mr. Heckewelder spent above forty years, has totally failed.

INDIAN CIVILIZATION.

Letter to a member of congress in relaton to Indian civilization, by the domestic secretary of the United Foreign Missionary society.

Respected and dear sir-Having understood by a letter from Washington, that the impression has been uttered on the floor of congress, that 'Indian civilization forms no part of the objects of missionary institutions,' and that the establishments at Brainerd and Elliot are a miserable farce,' I would respectfully invite your attention, for a moment, to the following facts and remarks.

The objects of the United Foreign Missionary society are to civilize and christianize the American Indians-and the managers are convinced, from their own experience, as well as that of kindred institutions, that each of these objects can be more easily and successfully attained, when combined, than when separately attempted. The history of eighteen centuries testifies, that no pagan nation ever became civilized to any important degree, until it had renounced its idols, and abandoned the whole train of superstitious rights connected with its idolatrous worship; and that no one ever became evangilized without acquiring, in some measure, the arts and habits of civilized life Whether the object, therefore, be to civilize or christianize, both must be carried on with an equal and united effort. Under the impression of these truths the board, in forming their general principles, or system of operations, combined the two objects, as you will evidently perceive, by a perusal of the following sections:

There are eight other sections, all of which are conformable to the two I have quoted.

"First. At all the missionary stations under the Mr. Lownie, of Pennsylvania, observed that, on care of this board, it shall be the object to promote, hearing the resolutions read, he had no objections not only the knowledge of christianity, but also the to their passage. He was always in favor of informa- arts of civilized life. Besides the branches of learntion on every subject where there was any allega- ing taught in common schools, the boys shall be intion of mismanagement, or, as in this case, a failure structed in agriculture and the mechanic arts; and of the use. Of the present case he knew nothing the girls in spinning, weaving, sewing, knitting, on either side, and he should not have said a word, and household business. had not it been for the general remarks of the "Second. In every establishment, it is expedient gentleman from Missouri, which appeared to him that there be a superintendent and an assistant, who to have been perfectly gratuitous-at least, he shall be ministers of the gospel; a schoolmaster, a was not able to see their application to the reso-farmer, a blacksmith, a carpenter, and such other lutions now under consideration. He did not like mechanics as shall be found necessary, all of whom discussions of this kind to be brought before the shall come under the general denomination of missenate, unless arising out of the business imme- sionaries. The number shall be increased as ocdiately before us. Should it become necessary casion may require. At every station there shall to discuss this subject, he, (Mr. L), believed it be either a physician, or a person acquainted with would not be difficult to give a very different the practice of physic." view of the subject from that given by the gen. tleman from Missouri. Without denying the facts adduced, Mr. L. said he could produce other facts which would place the subject in another light, and he had long found it necessary, in coming to a correct conclusion, to bear both sides. If there have been mistakes on this subject, it is not sur. prising, and from those very mistakes information would be derived. It was likely that those engaged in this benevolent business had, at the first, kept The fourth report, in relation to the family which too much out of view the necessity of teaching the went out last spring to the Osages of the Missouri, Indians agriculture and the common arts of civiliz-states as follows: ed life. The proceedings of the different mission- "Besides the superintendent and assistant, there ary societies shew that this error is now corrected. are among the males of the family, a minister of the He did not intend to engage further in the dis gospel, who goes out as a teacher, with the privi cussion. He would not have said a word had it lege of preaching whenever his health will permit, not been that an inference in favor of such general and the circumstances of the mission requre; a reremarks might have been drawn from the cir- gularly educated physician and surgeon; a person cumstance of their being permitted to pass in si- capable of manufacturing machinery, performing lence. most kinds of blacksmith's work, and teaching The question was then taken on the adoption of sacred music; a carpenter and millwright, a shoethe resolutions; and they were agreed to.

The substance of these general principles was communicated to the public in the third annual report. In the same report it was stated, that, in the mission family which had just gone to the Osages of the Arkansaw, there were two clergymen, one physician, two teachers, two farmers, a carpenter, and a blacksmith.

maker, a waggon-maker, and two farmers. The

females, collectively, are qualified to teach all the branches of industry pursued by that sex in this country; most of them have had considerable ex. perience in teaching common schools; and two or three have taught in seminaries of a higher order." In speaking of the mission at Tuscarora, the same report says:

among the Tuscarora and Seneca tribes, are of longer standing; and to strangers and others who have visited them, it is a matter of surprise, that they should have made such rapid progress in laying aside their savage customs, and acquiring the habits, arts, and industry of civilized life. During the last summer, they were visited by two very "The whole of the nation now residing at Tusca- respectable gentlemen, (a physician and a mer rora, have taken a decided stand in favor of the chant), and several ladies from Charleston, S. C. christian religion. They have already made con- who were highly gratified with the good order of siderable progress in acquiring the arts and habits the schools, the proficiency of the scholars, and the of civilized life. Having, in a great measure, aban- general state of civilization and improvement among doned the chase, as the means of subsistence, they the Indians. They left behind them, for the benefit depend, for their support, principally, upon the pro- of the mission, a handsome donation, as a testimonial duce of their soil. They occupy comfortable dwel of the gratification they had received; and took with lings; and, in passing through their village, you them to Charleston a number of elegant specimens behold waggons, ploughs, and other implements of of penmanship from the hands of the Indian youth. husbandary, arranged around their doors. Some of While passing through the city, one of the gentle. their youth have made considerable proficiency in men called on me as the official organ of our societhe elementary branches of an English education. ty, and expressed the lively sense which he and his One of their young men, hopefully pious and of whole party entertained of the usefulness of our promising talents, is stationed at a seminary in this operations among those tribes. city; and another, perhaps equally pious and pro- At Tuscarora there is a regularly organized mising, at the foreign mission school, in Connecticut. church, which contains twenty-three Indian commu"From our missionary at this station, we learn nicants, whose life and conversation correspond that the Indians had recently manifested more than with their religious profesion. Our missionary in ordinary solicitude for the general improvement of speaking of this tribe says "On some accounts, their village and their nation. Among other efforts this poor people are superior to any village of for this object, they are preparing to erect a new white inhabitants, with which I am acquainted.council-house and church, of larger dimensions, The sabbath is almost universally regarded and and of more convenient structure, than the one they honored among them. There is not a village in now occupy. They have already furnished all the the state, where so large a proportion of the timber and boards required for the building; and heads of families punctually attend the preaching they hope to finish it early in the ensuing summer. of the Gospel." Again-"There appears to be "A school for the children of the tribe has been among these Indians an increasing sense of the imtaught for several years by the missionary and his portance of education and industry. A large prowife. As an additional teacher, the board have portion of the families are industrious. During the lately appointed Miss Elizabeth L. Brown, of Ho- past winter the children have been punctual in their mer, in the county of Courtland. She will pro-attendance at school, and have made very encou bably commence her labors in the course of the raging progress." present month; and it will be her particular duty to instruct the young females of the nation in the art of sewing, knitting, spinning and weaving."

In relation to the Seneca station, the same report remarks:

The visit to Brainerd and Elliot, by a member of oongress, (as stated in the letter which has called forth these remarks), was probably made in the infancy of that establishment. The uniform testimony given by the missionaries, and by gentlemen who have occasionally visited those stations, is of a very different character. They concur in represent ing those nations as making great and rapid improvement in civilization. An extract or two from the documents which first came to hand, will sufficiently support this remark. The journal of the mission at Brainerd, under date of the 1st of November, 1820, presents he following pleasing intelligence.

"The property of the board in the Seneca village, consists of two dwelling houses and a school house, together with the use, for an indefinite period, of the ground on which they are erected. It is in contemplation to build an addition to the house now occupied by Mr. Young, for the purpose of accommodating the minister and of embodying many of the Indian children in the missionary family. It is also in contemplation to erect a workshop within an enclosure, of sufficient extent for the de- "The council, (of Indian chiefs), have made a posit of boards and timber; to furnish the necessary law to compel parents to keep their children at tools; and to give to the nation free access to the school, when once entered, until they have finished establishment, for the object of making and re- their education, or to pay all expense for clothing, pairing their farming utensils and househould fur-board and tuition. They have also given the superniture." intendents of each mission authority to take out of

I might easily multiply these extracts; but enough their schools such children as they shall think have been given to show, in the first place, that proper, and with the consent of their parents, put “Indian civilization" constitutes a leading object of them to such trades as are attached to the missions; this society, and one, of which the managers can and, when such children have learned a trade, they never lose sight; and, in the second place, that this are to be furnished with a set of tools at the exsubject forms a prominent topic in our annual re-pense of the nation. ports. When the last report was written, it was "They have also divided their country into eight not officially known to the board that the mission districts or counties; laid a tax on the people to sent out to the Osages of the Arkansaw had ar- build a court house in each of these counties, and rived at their destined station; and the numerous appointed four circuit judges. The Cherokees are family, bound to the Osages of the Missouri, had rapidly adopting the laws and manners of the whites. not yet embarked at Pittsburgh. Of course, no They appear to advance in civilization, just in proaccount could have been given of the progress of portion to the knowledge of the gospel. It, therecivilization among those tribes. But the missions fere, becomes all, who desire the civilization of the

Indians, to do what they can to send the gospel among them."

of them growing cotton, and spinning and weaving it into coarse clothing.

In the spring of 1820, Adam Hodgson, esq "Of three districts or towns into which its 15 or distinguished merchant of Liverpool, visited Elliot 20,000 souls are divided, one has appropriated to and Brainerd, on a journey from Natchez, on the the use of schools its annuity, for seventeen years, Mississippi, to Richmond, in Virginia. An account of 2,000 dollars per annum, received from the Unitof his journey I find in a London publication now ed States for ceded lands; another, its annuity of before me, from which I beg leave to present a few 1,000 dollars per annum, with the prospect of 1,000 passages, that you may learn the opinion of an in-more; and one has requested the United States not telligent foreign traveller, upon the subject now in only to forbid the introduction of ammunition into question. After mentioning his arrival at Elliot, he the nation, that the hunter may be compelled to adds-work, but to send their annuity in implements of "Soon after my arrival, we proceeded to the husbandry. At a recent general council of the chiefs, school, just as a half breed, who has taken great in- 1,800 dollars in money, and upwards of eighty terest in it, was preparing to give the children "a cows and calves, were subscribed for the use of talk," previous to returning home, sixty miles dis- schools, and the total contribution of the Choctaws tant. He is a very influential chief, and a man of to this object exceeds 70,000 dollars. comprehensive views. He first translated into Choc- "I was highly gratified by my visit to Elliot-this taw, a letter to the children, from some benevolent garden in a moral wilderness; and was pleased with friends in the north, who had sent it with a present the opportunity of seeing a missionary settlement of a box of clothes. He then gave them a long ad-in its infant state, before the wounds of recent sedress in Choctaw. paration from kindred and friends had ceased to "As soon as the school was over, the boys repair-bleed, and habit had rendered the missionaries faed to their agricultural labors; their instructor miliar with the peculiarities of their novel situation. working with them, and communicating informa "The sight of the children, also, many of them tion in the most affectionate manner; the girls pro- still in Indian costume, was most interesting. I ceeded to their sewing and domestic employments, could not help imagining, that before me might be under the missionary sisters. They were afterwards some Alfred of this western world, the future foundat liberty till the supper bell rang, when we all sat er of institutions which were to enlighten and civi down together to bread and milk, and various pre-lize his country-some Choctaw Swarts, or Elliot, parations of Indian corn; the missionaries presiding destined to disseminate the blessings of christianiat the different tables, and confining themselves, as ty and refinement from the Mississippi to the Paciis their custom, except in cases of sickness, to pre-fic, from the Gulph of Mexico to the Frozen Sea. cisely the same food as the scholars. After supper, I contrasted then in their social, their moral, and a chapter in the bible was read, with Scott's prac. tical observations. This was followed by singing and prayer; and then all retired to their little rooms in their log cabins.

their religious condition, with the straggling hunters, and their painted faces, who occasionally stared through the windows; or, with the half naked savages of another tribe, whom we had seen in the "In the morning, at day-light, the boys were at forests a few nights before, dancing round their their agriculture, and the girls at their domestic midnight fires, with their tomahawks and scalping employments. About 7 o'clock, we assembled for knives, rending the air with their fierce war-hoops, reading, singing, and prayer; and soon afterward or making the woods thrill with their savage yells. for breakfast. After an interval for play, the school But they form a yet stronger contrast with the poor opened with prayer and singing, a chapter in the Indians whom we had seen on the frontier--corruptbible, and examination on the subject of the chap-ed, degraded, and debased by their intercourse ter of the preceding day. The children then pro- with English, Irish, or American traders." ceeded to reading, writing, accounts, and English I might, sir, conduct you with our interesting tragrammar, on a modification of the British system. veller, from Elliot to Brainerd, and multiply quotaThe instructors say they never knew white children tions to the same general purport; but, more than learn with so much facility; and the specimens of enough, I am sensible, has already been given, to writing exhibited unequivocal proofs of rapid pro- convince a gentleman of your humanity and candor, gress. Many spoke English very well. not only that the disinterested efforts which are now "The immediate object of the settlement of El-making to civilize and christianize the Indians of liot, is the religious instruction of the Indians. The our country, deserve not the opprobrium which missionaries are, however, aware that this must ne- is said to have been cast upon them, but that cessarily be preceded or accompanied by their ci- they merit the approbation and the support of the vilization; and that mere preaching to the adult community. The present system of combining the Indians, though partially beneficial to the present two objects of civilizing and christianizing the Ingeneration, would not probably be attended with dian tribes, is already "in the full tide of successful any general or permanent results. While, there-experiment;" and I cannot but deeply regret, that fore, the religious interests of the children are the a measure should find its advocates in congress, objects nearest to their hearts, they are anxious to which appears to be calculated to give a powerful put them in possession of those qualifications which check, if not to erect an insurmountable barrier to may secure to them an important influence in the both.

councils of their nation, and enable them gradually Upon this country, sir, rests a responsibility in reto induce their roaming brethren to abandon their lation to the Indian tribes, of deep and tremendous erratic habits for the occupations of civilized life. import. "Sovereigns, from time immemorial, of the The general feelings of the nation at this moment interminable forests which overshadow this vast conare most auspicious to their undertaking. The tinent, this injured race have gradually been driven community at large is most solicitous for civiliza- by the white usurpers of their soil, within the limits tion. In this they have made some progress; many of their present precarious possessions. One after another of their favorite rivers has been reluctantly

*Of the house of Rathbone, Hodgson & Co.-abandoned, until the range of the hunter is boundEd. Commercial Advertiser. ed by lines prescribed by his invader, and the inde

should not see you, and be obliged to return disappointed to my village; but God is kind, he enables me to see you, and my heart rejoices.

I did not leave my village in the dark, but with the knowledge of my people, and after having con. sulted my chiefs and warriors.

pendence of the warrior is no more. Of the innumerable tribes, which, a few centuries since, roamed fearless and independent in their native forests, how many have been swept into oblivion, and are with the generations before the flood! Of others, not a trace remains but in tradition, or in the person of some solitary wanderer, the last of his tribe, who My father-I come to tell you truth, but it will hovers, like a ghost, among the sepulchres of his be unpleasant to your ears; a part of my nation, the fathers--a spark still faintly glimmering in the ashes Pawnee Loups, have shut their ears against your of an extinguished race." Alas! sir, shall the sword words, and plundered, insulted, and perhaps killed of avarice, or the strong arm of civilized power, your people. A few nights since they came to my still pursue this unhappy people? Shall the unceas-village three times, with two of your medals, two ing and relentless force of emigration drive them flags and a quantity of goods, to dance the calumet, from forest to forest, until the last remnant, strug (make presents), and triumph at the expense of the gling for existence, shall fall on the verge of the whites whom they plundered. My heart was waWestern Ocean, or perish in its flood? Will not the vering; three times it was divided, but the recolvoice of humanity prompt us to arrest this unremit-lection of your words, and my promise to you when ted progress of extermination? Does not the glory of our country require, that we extend to those who you first visited my nation, induced me to send them off, preferring to go naked, sooner than to still survive, the hand of friendship, convey to them the blessings of social life, and raise them to a high stolen or taken forcibly from the whites. accept of clothing or any thing which had been and happy destiny? And how, sir, shall this be accomplished? Break down the restrictions which have My father-I come to tell you truth, and as red happily been placed upon Indian trade, and you will skins seldom tell the truth, I am in hopes you will let loose upon the untutored tenants of the wilder- listen with more attention to what I am going to ness, a horde of selfish and unprincipled adventurers, say-before you came to this land, we had but a to pollute, debase, deceive and destroy. But conti- short acquaintance with your people; we looked nue and enforce those restrictions--encourage and upon them as the most favored, but the weakliest aid the missionary institutions of our country, and children of the Great Spirit; and as those who first you will find a host of pious ministers, teachers, farm- came amongst us, quarrelled about our skins as ers, and mechanics, who will go forth to the work of hungry dogs over a naked bone, we were in the hacivilizing the Indians, with no other motive than bit of treating them as dogs-yes, my father, until that of promoting their temporal and eternal bene- you come among us, we considered ourselves to be fit, and expecting and wishing no earthly remune. the first nation on the earth; we had always appearration for their privations and their toils. Adopt this ed so conspicuous as almost to obscure the other course, aud you will have agents who will carry on nations around us, but when you came to this land the noble designs of the government in relation to followed by so many war chiefs and soldiers, whose the Indian tribes, with a spirit of disinterestedness, glistening arms appeared like a long-tailed fiery perseverance and fidelity, which, in any other way, son of heaven, I almost shrunk within myself; i or on any other principle, cannot be found. Adopt thought I discovered my mistake, and, consulting this course, and with cheering hope you may look the safety of my people, I opened my ears to your forward to the period when the savage shall be words, and became an American, and since I have converted into the citizen-when the hunter shall been an American, iny influence with my nation be changed to the agriculturist or the mechanic-weakens, as you hesitate to punish every insult ofwhen the farm, the work shop, the school house, fered your people.

and the church, shall adorn every Indian village-- Before you came here, one band of my nation, when the fruits of industry, good order, and sound (Republics), to which this chief belongs, were in morals, shall bless every Indian dwelling--and when, the habit of ill-treating the whites, robbing and throughout the vast range of country from the Mis. sissippi to the Pacific, the red man and the white man shall every where be found mingling in the same pursuits, cherishing the same benevolent and friendly views, fellow citizens of the same civil and religious community, and fellow heirs to an eternal inheritance in the kingdom of glory.

I am, sir, very respectfully, yours, &c.
Z. LEWIS,
Domestic Secretary of the United
Foreign Missionary Society.

INDIAN ELOQUENCE.

spilling their blood with impunity; but, after you came here, you visited their village, they cried for peace, and you discovered such a favorable change that you drew a veil over the past, which pleased me much, because I was in hopes that a period was put to our difficulties with the whites; I was in hopes that we would keep our eyes and ears open, to promote the peace and quietness of each other, but I have been most egregiously disappointed. I cannot express my disappointment at the conduct of the Pawnee Loups, who, when you reproached us for our cruelty to the whites, exultingly boasted of never having wronged them, have now went, and not only plundered and insulted them, but, I be

The following speech was delivered by Shun-kab.lieve, spilt their blood. kihe-gab, (the Child chief) to major BENJAMIN O'

My father-I believe that I can see farther than FALLON, agent for Indian affairs on the Missouri, at most of red skins; hence I see that your forbear Fort Atkinson, on the 10th June, 1821, on the sub-ance will increase the tears of the good, and the ject of the Pawnee Loups, plundering and insult-wickedness of the wicked; hence I see, my father, ing some Americans on the Arkansas river: that our union is to be disturbed, and our trade and

My father-I have come, accompanied by the intercourse with you be interrupted; hence I see chief of the Republics and a few Baves, uninvited, that a period is to be put to the peace and prospeto see you. Before I left my village, I was not cer-rity of my mighty nation, a nation that has tritain that I should see you, but the interest of my umpled over every thing between this and the set. nation and my feelings urged me to depart: on my ting sun. I feel for my nation; and, since I have way to this place, I was constantly uneasy, lest left my village, forbearance will induce some of my