LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATIONS. ACTUARIAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. President, Howell W. St. John; first vice-presi dent, Emory McClintock; second vice-president, Bloomfield J. Miller; secretary, Israel C. Pierson. treasurer, Oscar B. Ireland. Council-William McCabe, C. C. Hall, George W. Phillips, Sheppard Homans, Rufus W. Weeks, Asa Swing, Thomas B. Macaulay, Daniel H. Wells. Annual meeting in April. BALTIMORE LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIA TION. President, Frank Markoe; vice-president, F. C. Nicodemus; secretary, L. H. Baldwin; treasurer, Munroe Snell. Executive Committee-W. W. McIntire, L. H. Baldwin, E. H. Taylor, Geo. C. Gantz, G. F. d'Utassy. THE ASSOCIATION OF LIFE INSURANCE SOLICITORS, BALTIMORE, MD. President, Emanuel Schoenberg; vice-presidents, Stanley Baker and C. D. Spaulding; secretary, W. H. H. Young; treasurer, Gustavus Gernand. BOSTON LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, Nathan Warren; first vice-president, Noah A. Plympton; second vice-president, C. D. Hammer; secretary, Franklin Barnard; treasurer, Francis Marsh. Executive Committee-Jas. T. Phelps, chairman; Wm. F. Bache, Charles A. Hopkins, Sidney M. Hedges, S. F. Woodman, Darwin Barnard, editor of The Solicitor. Annual meeting in February. President, J. C. Drewry; vice-president for North Carolina, H. H. Lame; vice-president for South Carolina, W. M. Hutson; secretary, Samuel L. Adams; treasurer, J. S. Coles, Jr. Executive Committee-W. J. Roddey, chairman; Walter Breuo, William Russ, R. J. Blalock, J. R. Lindsay. Annual meeting in January. CHICAGO LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, John K. Stearns; vice-presidents, William A. Newell and George F. Schilling; secretary, Lawrence A. Spicer; treasurer, Charles A. W. Eidenteller. Executive Committee-Ben Williams, W. D. Wyman, S. L. Fuller, Ira J. Mason and Charles H. Ferguson. Annual meeting in February. CLEVELAND LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIA TION. President, Capt. F. A. Kendall; first vice-president, C. E. Lawton; second vice-president, Richard D. Bokum; secretary, C. E. Holt; treasurer, O. N. Olmstead. Executive Committee-Frank L. Ford, chairman; John Thomas, M. A. Marks, J. C. Trask, S. S. Saffold. Annual meeting in May. CONNECTICUT LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIA TION. President, Colonel Heman A. Tyler of Hart ford; first vice-president, Eli D. Weeks of Litchfield; second vice-president, John L. Denison of Hartford; secretary, Frank A.Thompson of Hartford; treasurer, Alfred T. Richards of Hartford. Executive Committee-L. H. Lyon of Bridgeport, Joseph Schwab of Hartford, B. F. Ess of New Haven, Julius G. Rathbun of Hartford, C. H. Bronson of Waterbury. Annual meeting in March. LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION OF COLUMBUS, GA. President, G. G. Miles; vice-president, D. F. Wilcox; secretary and treasurer, M. J. Moses. Executive Committee-E. F. Colzey, W. W. Bussey and W. L. Lott. DENVER LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, Ira B. Jackson; first vice-president, Oliver Williams; second vice-president, J. L, Stearns; secretary, A. E. Liverman; treasurer, J. H. Harrison. Executive Committee-E. C. Gilman, G. A. Newkirk, J. S. McFarland, F. Hughes and J. C. Cullom. Annual meeting in April. LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. President, Thos. P. Morgan, Jr.; vice-president, James S. Jordan; secretary, M. H. Acheson; treas urear, H. H. Bergmann. Executive Committee-S. Wolf, G. C. Gantz, J. H. Darneille, F. L. Marshall and S. P. Ficklen. LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION OF EASTERN NEW YORK. President, D. H. Ayers of Troy; vice-presidents, W. H. Haskell of Albany, and R. Č. Allez of Cohoes; secretary, J. A. Barnes; treasurer, A. A. Dayton. Executive Committee-H. S. Bull, T. J. Williams, D. C. Woodcox and F. L. Peck. Annual meeting in March. GEORGIA ASSOCIATION OF LIFE INSURERS. President, Thomas Peters; vice-president, N. R. Winship; secretary; Clarence Angier; treasurer, J. O. Wynn. Executive Committee-W. Woods White, J. A. Perdue, R. H. Plant, T. S. Lowry, R. F. Shedden. Annual meeting in June. INDIANA ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDERWRITERS. President, D. B. Shideler; vice-president, F. P. Davenport; secretary, C. E. Newlin; treasurer, E. Q. Barcus. Annual meeting in May. KANSAS CITY (Mo.) LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, C. C. Courtney; vice-president, H. K. Lyon; second vice-president, C. D. Mill; secretary, W. P. Rogers; treasurer, J. D. Sutton. Executive Committee-W. P. Rogers, W. H. Reed, S. S. Simpson and L. B. Bailey. Annual meeting in January. KANSAS LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, L. L. Higgins; first vice-president, J. E. Halstead; second vice-president, C. J. Gore; secretary, W. J. Hard; treasurer, Isaac B. Snow. Executive Committee-John E. Lord, chairman; E. W. Poindexter, C. J. Gore, S. R. Mitchell, Isaac B. Snow. Annual meeting in May. LOUISIANA LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, T. H. Bowles; vice-president, John G. Aiken; secretary and treasurer, W. T. Wheeler. Executive Committee-W. B. Krumbharr, chairman; John R. Fell, Henry Mordecai. KENTUCKY LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIA TION. President, Charles D. Jacob; first vice-president, L. A. Lyon; second vice-president, A. S. Willis; secretary, O. B. Gwathmey; treasurer, Morton M. Cassidy. MAINE LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION, PORTLAND, ME. President, J. H. Brackett; first vice-president, C. F. Dunlap; second vice-president, F. H. Hazelton; third vice-president, V. Richard Foss; secretary, George P. Dewey; treasurer, Wadsworth Noyes. Executive Committee-Howard Gould, J. M. Boardman, H. N. Fairbanks, T. S. Burns, J. M. Gooding. Annual meeting in January. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LIFE INSURANCE MEDICAL DIRECTORS. President, Frank Wells, M. D., John Hancock Mutual; vice-presidents, G. W. Russell, M. D, Etna Life; Louis McKnight, M. D., Northwestern Mutual; secretary, E. J. Marsh, M. D., Mutual Life of New York; treasurer, J. W. Brannon, M. D., Washington Life. Executive Committee-Harry Tuck, M. D., New York Life; G. S. Winston, M. D., Mutual Life of New York; E. W. Lambert, M. D., Equitable Life; Edgar Holden, M. D., Mutual Benefit Life; Frank Wells, M. D.; E. J. Marsh, M. D., and J. W. Brannon, M. D., ex-officio. MICHIGAN LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION President, G. A. Watkins; first vice-president, H G. Van Tuyl; second vice-president, S. L. Houghton; secretary and treasurer, C. S. White. Executive Committee-William T. Gage, chairman; W. H. Thompson, H. Haskell, C. W. Pickell, A. K. Bradley. Annual meeting in November. MINNESOTA ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDERWRITERS. President, L. D. Wilkes; first vice-president, Lindsey Webb; second vice-president, J. Watson Smith; secretary, F. L. Bancroft; treasurer, C. S. Miller. Executive Committee-E. W. Peet, H. L. Shepard, Richard Hurd, B. F. Stahl and J. W. Smith. Annual meeting in November. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDER- President, E. Tillinghast, Cleveland, O.; first vice-president, I. Layton Register, Philadelphia; second vice-president, B. F. Stahl, St. Paul, Minn.; secretary, E. H. Plummer, Philadelphia; treasurer, William E. Radcliffe, New York. Executive Committee-Joseph Ashbrook, Philadelphia; Henry C. Ayres, Pittsburgh; George P. Haskell, New York; Charles H. Ferguson, Chicago; W. J. Roddy, South Carolina; Ben S. Calef, Boston; George P. Dewey, Portland; Henry P. Goddard, Baltimore; C. E. Staniels, New Hampshire; J. W. Iredell, Jr., Cincinnati; J. C. Thompson, Michigan; J. D. Sutton, Kansas City; Thomas P. Morgan, Washington. Annual meeting in 1893, to be held in Cleveland, O., in September. NEBRASKA LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, M. L. Roeder; first vice-president, H. D. Neely; second vice-president, Charles J. Bell; secretary, F. E. McMullen; treasurer, H. F. Lunback; corresponding secretary, William Henry Brown. Executive Committee-O. H. Jeffries, Oscar Wasson, W. F. Allen, W. J. Hawks and H. D. Neely. Annual meeting in January. NEW HAMPSHIRE LIFE UNDERWRITERS President, C. E. Staniel, Concord; first vice-president, M. A. Taylor, Nashua; second vice-president, S. B. Folsom, Dover; secretary. W. M. Morgan, Manchester; treasurer, J. D. Chandler, Nashua. Executive Committee-J. J. Dillon, C. L. Malone, G. A. McKeller and G. F. Butterfield. LIFE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION OF NEW YORK. President, George F. Hadley; first vice-president, Byron A. Beal; second vice-president, C. M. Marvin; third vice-president, Moses W. Sterns; secretary, William H. Smith; treasurer, Ezra De Forrest. Executive Committee-Tilden Blodgett, Charles H. Raymond, George P. Haskell and William Ratcliffe. Annual meeting in February. ONTARIO LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, R. H. Jarvis; first vice-president, W. T. McIntyre; second vice-president, F. A. Webb; treasurer, Alexander Cromar; secretary, George R. Payne. Annual meeting in February. PHILADELPHIA ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDERWRITERS. President, I. Layton Register; vice-presidents, D. A. Keys, E. H. Plummer, W. H. Tilden; secretary, W. M. Scott; treasurer, Amos Wakelin. Executive Committee-H. C. Lippencott, Jos. S. Neff, W. H. Lambert, F. A. Howard, J. W. Woods, Richard Fisher and Joseph Ashbrook. PITTSBURGH LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIA TION. President, Edward O'Neil; first vice-president, R. T. Cunningham; second vice-president, C. D. Hemingway; secretary, W. H. McManus; treasurer, Austin Pearce. Executive Committee-E. H. Dermitt, F. T. Lusk, Charles H. Webster, Edward A. Woods, I. F. Harris. Delegates to national convention: Edward O'Neil, James C. Biggert, F. T. Lusk, E. H. Dermitt and B. H. Lightfoot. Annual meeting in March. NEW JERSEY LIFE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION. President, A. W. Bray; vice-president, G. B. Raymond; second vice-president, J. William Campbell; third vice-president, G. W. Conway; secretary, L. W. Frisbee, treasurer, G. H. Simonds. Executive Committee-G. F. Hadley, C. C. Herrick, C. D. Paul, G. W. Willis. Annual meeting in January. LIFE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION OF RUTLAND, VT. E. G. Mason, president; F. L. Slack, vice-president; E. M. Buck, secretary; E. S. Linsley, treasurer. PROVIDENCE ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDERWRITERS. President, Chas. D. Tucker; first vice-president, R. P. Gifford; second vice-president, H. L. Trafford; secretary, J. K. Voshell; treasurer, B. F. Peabodie. LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC, MONTREAL. President, H. G. Corthorn; vice-president, P. La Ferriere; treasurer, J. F. Junkin; secretary, A. T. Hubbard. Committee-S. Mondon, A. Simard, G. H. Junkin, E. Scholfield and L. T. Leet. LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION OF ST. LOUIS. President, T. D. Kimball; first vice-president, E. Wilkerson; second vice-president, E. P. Roberts; secretary, Henry H. Kohn; treasurer, M. W. Leet. Executive Committee-Frank Block, Edwin Fowler, Joseph E. Baker, A. B. Denton and Ben May. NATIONAL CONVENTION OF INSURANCE COM MISSIONERS. President, John C. Linehan; vice-president, C. H. Smith; secretary, J. J. Brinkerhoff. Executive Committee-Messrs. Ellerbe, Luper and Merrill. LIFE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION OF TENNESSEE President, Thomas Peters, Atlanta; vice-presi- TEXAS LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION. President, J. B. Day, San Antonio; vice-president, Byron Wells, Dallas; second vice-president, H. M. Leonard, Dallas; secretary, J. N. Dyer, Dallas; treasurer, C. E. Perry, Dallas. VERMONT ASSOCIATION OF LIFE Under WRITERS. President, Isaac S. Borley, St. Albans; secretary, VIRGINIA ASSOCIATION OF LIFE UNDER- Colonel John B. Cary, president; Adair Pleas ants, vice-president; Howard Swineford, second LIFE UNDERWRITERS ASSOCIATION OF President, W. G. Justice of Buffalo; first vice-president, Henry Wertimer of Buffalo; second vicepresident, Arthur A. Abernethy of Syracuse; secretary and treasurer, William Manning of Rochester. Executive Committee-Henry S. Munson of Buffalo, W. G. Staniland of Buffalo, M. D. L. Hayes and Joseph W. Pressey of Rochester, and Warren Craig of Buffalo. Annual meeting in March. WISCONSIN LIFE INSURANCE AGENTS AssoCIATION. President, D. E. Murphy; vice-presidents, M. N. McLaren, H. A. Kinney, and W. Macomber; secretary, James B. Estee; treasurer, Capt. Edward Ferguson. Executive Committee-T. H. Bowles, C. E. Crain, W. S. Candee. Annual meeting in May. DOES ACCIDENT INSURANCE PREVENT ACCIDENTS TO THE INSURED? The following article took the prize recently offered by an accident company for the best article on the subject: Does accident insurance prevent accidents to the insured? The experience of the accident insurance companies appears to indicate that the insured man is less liable to accident than other people. It is interesting, therefore, to inquire (a) whether his possession of accident insurance has made him so, or (b) whether he has always been so, irrespective of insurance. (a) Accidents cannot be prevented, except by removing their cause. They are due either to external causes, beyond the control of the victim, or are due wholly or partially to his own carelessness, ignorance or infirmity. Accident insurance cannot in any way prevent the occurrence of accidents from the first cause. Its only possible effect upon the liability to accident of its possessor is through serving him as a constant reminder of that liability, leading him to take precautions which he might otherwise neglect. It is reasonable to suppose that it does have this effect. (b) The superiority of the insured as regards accident liability may have always existed, irrespective of insurance. Is this possibility sufficiently guarded against in the comparison for statistical purposes of two classes apparently equal in every respect, one class having insured against accident, while the other has neglected to do so? 64 I think not. I touched upon this point in a recently published article in the following sentence: There is a very good reason why people insured against accident should be least liable to accident. It is merely the operation of the law of the survival of the fittest.'' For, all other apparent conditions of inequality being removed, the fact that certain persons have taken accident insurance will at once establish their great superiority as regards accident liability over those who have neglected to do so. That caution, prudence and foresight which suggests and inspires accident insurance is itself the best possible preventive of accidents; that carelessness which leads to neglect of accident insurance will some day also lead its possessor into the very accident which he foolishly thought never would happen, because it never had happened! Of course this does not apply to those who are still beyond the influence of accident insurance, never having had its gospel preached to them. If a comparison can be established between the insured person and the uninsured one who is sensible enough to insure when the matter is presented to him, it will be of value. But this man, while out of the reach of insurance, is beyond our observation, and the accident insurance agent always reaches him before the statistician can! He is, therefore, more liable to continue to swell the ever-increasing volume of "new business" of the accident companies than to swell our volume of information upon the matter under discussion. At first sight it would seem practical to compare the experience before insuring of those who do insure, with their experience for a like period after insuring. But is there any significance in the fact that while a certain percentage may die from fatal accidents within a year after insuring, none had died from such accidents before insuring? Certainly not. Persons fatally, or even seriously injured, would be prevented from afterward taking insurance, and would not figure at all in such a comparison; while regarding minor accidents the error would be in the opposite direction, as persons who have met with a minor accident are more likely to insure against accidents than those who have never met with an accident at all. I conclude, then, that while accident insurance probably does in a degree prevent accidents to the insured, there are no existing statistics of uninsured persons which by comparison with company experience will definitely establish the fact. ALBERT CONE. AVERAGES. THE RATE OF INTEREST EARNED ON MEAN INVESTED FUNDS BY TWENTY-SEVEN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES FROM 1873 TO 1892 INCLUSIVE. 1873 1609 1873. 1874. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1881 681 1080 5.28 5.58 5.42 5.30 in in 55 in in 1081 28554 to to 1877. 1882. 1887. 1892. 1892. 5.25 5.45 5.31 5.35 5.43 5 43 5 41 7.10 5.89 5.24 1.71 4 90 4.41 5.02 5.05 6.58 1.64 4.87 6.55 5565 1500 5.04 4.42 4.92 5.01 4.95 6.58 5.58 5.20 4.79 5.10 5.03 5.61 55555 6.49 6.40 6.70 6.33 6.74 6.43 6.93 6.87 6 86 6.50 6.63 6.57 5.22 5.36 5 49 4 82 4.82 4.61 3.97 3.81 4.41 4.90 55 55 in in 324 9 ន 1877. 1882. 1887. 1892. 1892. THE COMBINED DEATH AND EXPENSE RATE PER CENT OF MEAN INSURANCE IN FORCE OF TWENTY-EIGHT LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES FROM 1873 TO 1892 INCLUSIVE. AVERAGES. COMPANIES. 1873. 1874. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. Massachusetts Mutual.. 1 61 2.02 1.90 2.20 Mutual of New York.. National of Vermont.. New York Life.. State Mutual... Union Central.. .... 1.50 Averages (28 cos.).. 1.71 1.72 1.94 1 58 2.05 2 09 2.29 2.17 2.33 2 02 2.12 2.41 2.08 2.09 2.17 2.22 2 11 2.19 1.71 2.12 2.19 2.16 1.99 € 2.46 € 2.32 e 1.91 e 2.57 e 3.14 2.43 3.23 3.79 3.99 3.63 3.81 3.96 3.93 1.92 2.18 3.03 3.86 2.05 1.89 1.98 1.80 I 74 1.55 1.61 1.54 1.58 1.98 2.04 2.09 2.06 2 12 2.05 2 34 2.28 2.46 2 69 2.68 2.63 2.50 2.54 1.60 1.93 2.25 2.60 1.90 1.89 1.98 2.08 1.79 2 05 2.16 2.30 2.48 2.18 2.17 2.14 2.32 2.52 2.51 2.51 2.49 2.48 2.50 2.48 1 93 2.23 2.33 2.49 1.68 1.69 1.53 1.34 1.77 1.61 1.73 1.87 1.58 1.88 2.30 2.18 1 88 1.94 1.94 2.15 2 II 2.07 2 22 2.05 1.60 1.73 2.05 2.12 2.02 2.45 2.28 2.49 2.26 1.70 1.84 1.88 1.91 1.84 1.74 1.84 2.05 2 24 2.32 2.35 2.22 2.55 2.22 2.11 1.83 2.04 2.27 2.31 1.93 1.74 1.91 1.87 2.13 2.23 1.95 2.32 2 52 2.35 2.51 2.27 2.26 2.18 2.52 2.34 2.39 2.44 2 41 1.92 2.27 2.35 2.36 1.82 1.91 1.82 2.03 1.79 1.96 1.92 1.94 2.05 1.94 1.95 1.74 1.77 1.72 1.89 1.80 1.90 1.89 1.76 1.86 1.87 1.96 1.81 1.84 2.38 1.73 I95 2.13 2.00 2.44 2.04 2 29 2.39 2.22 2.38 2.10 2.29 2.18 2.00 2 27 2.29 2.31 2.14 2.13 2.04 2.28 2.19 2.23 2.36 2.16 2.38 2.46 2.77 2.70 2.96 2.99 2.68 3.32 3 14 3.18 3.68 3.59 390 2.17 2.43 2.93 3 40 2.06 1.91 2.18 2.21 2.47 1.53 1.53 1 29 1.38 1.51 1.66 1.70 1.60 1.59 1.76 1.53 1.57 1 44 I 55 1.35 1.81 1.60 1.54 1.44 1.55 1.45 1.66 1.49 1.59 1.87 1.77 1.57 2.64 2.13 2 41 1.64 1.31 1.18 1.31 1.39 1.25 1.71 1.79 1.67 1.86 1.87 2.10 1.37 1.67 1.56 1.55 1 59 1.25 1.33 1.65 1.34 1.71 1.91 1.56 1.78 1.79 2.21 2.12 1.94 2.15 1.83 1.79 1.99 1.98 1.46 1.63 1.97 1.94 1.50 1.41 1.66 1.73 1.38 1.56 1.39 1.87 1.60 1.42 1 68 1.61 1.65 1.86 1.58 1.78 1.57 I 81 1.73 1.82 1.54 1.57 1.68 1.74 2.06 2.15 2.26 1.78 2.29 2.17 2.26 2.45 2.41 2.91 3.06 2.64 2.69 2 68 2.46 2.43 2.51 231 2.00 1.93 2.11 1.91 2.02 2.15 2.02 2.64 2.50 2.80 2 58 2.74 2.69 2 44 2.58 2.78 2.69 3 06 2.83 2.41 3.20 3.02 3.33 2.62 294 2.73 2.52 3.19 2.43 2.87 3.22 3.69 3.29 3.36 3 27 3.08 3.18 3.25 3.13 2.64 2.89 2.77 2 89 2.29 2.12 2.45 2 34 2.72 2.63 2.55 2.66 2.85 2.03 2.08 2.01 1.83 2.19 2 09 2.41 2.29 2.37 2.42 2 12 2.12 2.26 2.34 2.29 2.32 2.26 2.32 2 37 2.41 2.05 1.95 2.03 1.97 2.02 2.12 2.22 2.44 2.71 2.23 2.37 2.15 2 66 2.71 2.96 2 62 2.80 3.10 3.23 2 89 3.00 2.03 2 32 2.26 2.68 2.32 |