REPERTORY OF PATENT INVENTIONS, AND OTHER Discoberies and Emprovements IN ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND AGRICULTURE; BEING A CONTINUATION, ON AN ENLARGED PLAN, OF THE Repertory of Arts and Manufactures: A WORK ORIGINALLY UNDERTAKEN IN THE YEAR 1794, AND STILL CARRIED ON, WITH ENLARGED SERIES.-VOL. XXXIII. January-June, 1859. LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE PROPRIETOR, BY ALEXANDER MACINTOSH, GREAT NEW-STREET; G. HEBERT, CHEAPSIDE. THE REPERTORY PATENT INVENTIONS. No. 1. VOL. XXXIII. ENLARGED SERIES.—JANUARY, 1859. Specification of the Patent granted to ANTON VON SCHUTTENBACH, of St. Petersburgh, for An Improvement in Treating Fatty and Oily Matters.-Dated March 1, 1858. WITH AN ENGRAVING. To all to whom these presents shall come, &c., &c.In the specification of a former patent granted to me, I have described a process consisting in distilling fatty matters, passing the vapours through a bed of quicklime, and then mixing these vapours with the vapours of paraffine. Now, my present invention consists in distilling fatty and oily matters, passing the vapours through a bed of quicklime, or other alkaline earth or alkali, and then at once condensing the vapours without mixing them with paraffine vapours. In this way I obtain a product of good quality at a considerably less cost than when paraffine is employed. And, in order that my said invention may be most fully understood, and readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the drawing hereunto annexed. No. 1.-VOL. XXXIII. B Description of the Drawing. Fig. 1 is a plan, and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section, of the apparatus which I prefer to employ to carry out my invention. The section, fig. 2, is taken at the line, A, B, fig. 1. a is a vessel of cast or wrought iron, for receiving the fatty or oily matter to be distilled. It is supported within a bath, b, for containing lead, which is kept liquid by the heat of the furnace, c, placed underneath. Within the vessel, a, are two perforated plates, a1 and a2, which divide it into three separate compartments, and there is a pipe opening into the upper compartment by which the fat may be admitted to that compartment, and the fat or oil so admitted falls in a shower through the fine perforations of the plate, a', into the body of the vessel, a. The perforations in the plate, a', should be about one-eighth of an inch in diameter. There is also another pipe which opens into the lower compartment of the vessel, a, and by it superheated steam is admitted, and it escapes through the perforations of the plate, a2, and comes in contact with the descending shower of fat or oil. The perforations of the plate, a2, should be about three times the size of those of the plate, a'. At a3, there are two other perforated plates, one placed over the other so as to prevent any of the unvolatilized fat being mechanically carried over. The vapours and gases produced in the vessel, a, pass over by the pipe, d, into the tube, e, in which quicklime, by preference, is placed. f, is a lead bath for heating the lime in the tube. The volatilized, fatty, or oily vapour from the vessel, a, after passing through the lime, enters the receiving vessel, g, into which steam also passes from the boiler, h, by the pipe, i, and enters the said receiving vessel through the grating, j, and the steam with the condensed vapours escape by the pipe, k, and pass through a worm contained in the tube, e, and kept cool by water; and as the condensed product escapes from the end of the worm, it is received into suitable vessels. m is a pipe by which the incondensible gases are led away and discharged into the furnace of the steam-boiler. The operation is conducted in the following manner :-The U pipe, e, is charged through the opening, e', with the quantity of powdered quicklime necessary to absorb the carbonic acid gas, which will be generated by the distillation |