the large amount of United States silver which now forms the principal part of the metallic currency of British Columbia."

Loan and
Trusts
Companies

According to the annual Report of Mr. J. Howard Hunter, Registrar of Loan Corporations in Ontario, as issued on May 31, 1901, there were 52 Loan Companies, Land Companies lending money, and Trusts Companies, in the Province. Their Liabilities for the year ending December 31, 1900, totalled $149,657,967, of which the principal items were Permanent Stock paid up $25,745,869, and paid up in part, $15,773,690; Reserve Fund, $9,601,765; deposits, $18,924,461; debentures payable in Canada, $16,369,193; and debentures payable elsewhere, $35,176,309. The liabilities to shareholders totalled $59,785,924 and to the public $76,204,553, while the contingent liabilities were placed at $13,667,489. The Assets were placed at the same total figure as the Liabilities and included debts secured by mortgages on land, of $104,143,216; debts secured by debenture and debenture stock and by various other stocks, bonds and securities, $17,152,259; office premises placed at $2,290,719; free-hold land, $7,168,368; and other sums making the total of $149,657,967. A Report of Mr. J. M. Courtney, C.M.G., Deputy Minister of Finance, at Ottawa, which was made public about the middle of 1901, gave voluminous details regarding the Loan Companies and Building Societies of the Dominion as a whole. The principal facts concerning these corporations-which are mainly established in Ontario-may be found in the following abstract of statistics as officially given for the close of the fiscal year 1900:

Business
Failures

3,543,110

190,992,476

1,669,590

27,303,792

103,532,814

125,005,728

According to Bradstreet's Annual Report upon this subject, the failures in Canada and Newfoundland numbered in Canada 1,379 in 1901 as against 1,337 in 1900. The Assets recorded were $5,264,551 in the former year as compared with $4,246,693 in the latter; and the Liabilities were $11,783,737 in 1901 as against $10,785,601 in 1900. The chief cause of failure was said to be lack of capital in 974 cases, and the next reason given was incompetence in 134 cases. In the United States during 1901 the percentage due to lack of capital was 303 as against 70-6 in Canada; and to incompetence 19 per cent. as against 94 in Canada. Dun's Record gave 1,341 failures in Canada as compared with 1,355 in 1900. They were stated to have had Assets of $7,686,823 in 1901 with Liabilities of $10,811,671 as compared with the figures of $8,202,898 and $11,613,208, respectively, in 1900. The liabilities of manufacturing concerns which failed in 1901 were placed at $3,595,095 and those of trading concerns at $6,845,329. According to Provinces they were as follows::

Fire Insurance in Canada

There was a considerable increase in the Fire Insurance business of Canada in 1901 over the preceding year. The net cash received for premiums increased by $1,330,916; the gross cash received for premiums increased by $1,722,309; the gross amount of policies, new and renewed, rose by $24,363,176; the net amount at risk at the end of the year increased by $48,010,919; the net amount of losses incurred decreased by $1,282,545; the net amount paid for losses decreased by $1,001,829. The following table shows the distribution of the business :

During the period between 1869 and 1901, inclusive, the Canadian

Companies received net cash premiums of $37,963,079; the British Companies, $110,259,264; the American Companies, $18,234,063. The total amount of policies taken by Canadian Companies was $3,992,536,482; by British Companies, $10,928,951,036; by American Companies, $1,754,552,601. The losses paid, respectively, were $26,569,309; $76,961,886; and $12,653,609. The total Assets of Canadian Companies in Canada, on December 31, 1901, were $6,591,651; those of British Companies, $16,733,520; those of American Companies $1,532,368. The grand total of business done showed $827,791,830 as the gross amount of risks taken during the year; $11,745,502 as the premiums charged thereon; $6,772,464 as the net cash paid for losses; and $9,662,863 as the net cash received for premiums.

Life Insurance in Canada

In Life Insurance the Canadian Companies during 1901 received $9,136,397 in premiums; the British Companies, $1,346,750; the American Companies, $4,709,298. The number and amount of policies, new and taken up, were 41,710 and $38,330,747, respectively, for the Canadian Companies; 1,733 and $3,059,043 for the British Companies; 127,794 and $32,541,438 for the American Companies. The number of policies in force at the end of the year, and the net amount, were 239,653 and $287,499,995, respectively, for the Canadian Companies; 20,255 and $40,128,634 for British Companies; 224,119 and $138,868,227 for the American Companies. The Canadian Companies had 2,691 policies which became claims, with a net amount of $3,651,845, and with payments of $3,456,995; the British Companies had 390 policies which became claims, with a net amount of $887,918 and payments of $853,043; the American Companies had 3,168 policies which became claims, with a net amount of $2,606,337, and payments of $2,561,153.

The total Assets of Canadian Companies were $66,221,462; the Assets in Canada of British Companies doing business there, $22,372,996; the Assets, in Canada, of American Companies doing business there, $29,843,450. The total of premiums received by all Companies for the year was $15,192,445; the total amount of policies, new and taken up, was $73,931,228; the total net amount of Life Insurance in force on December 31st was $466,496,856-an increase of $35,427,010 over 1900. During the years 1875 and 1901, inclusive, the Canadian Companies affected an insurance of $558,534,084 in Canada, with premiums of $101,679,817; the British Companies, $81,737,271, with premiums of $24,649,957; the American Companies, $326,472,332, with premiums of $67,519,405. Of this business the Assessment Companies of Canada had a net amount in force in 1901 of $116,542,500, to which the Independent Order of Foresters contributed $83,308,500.

CANADIAN OBITUARY FOR 1901

Allan, Andrew,-President of the Merchants' Bank of Canada. Born at Saltcoats, Ayrshire, Scotland, on Dec. 1, 1822; died at Montreal on June 27th.

Allan, P.C., D.C.L., F.R.G.S., F.Z.S., The Hon. George William,-Chancellor of Trinity University; Senator of Canada; formerly Mayor of Toronto. Born at Toronto, Jan. 9, 1822; died at Toronto on July 24.

Almon, B.A., M.D., The Hon. William Johnson, Senator of Canada.

Halifax on Jan. 27, 1816; died at Halifax on Feb. 18.

Born at

Anderson, D.D., Rev. William,-Rector of Sorel and Hon. Canon of Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal. Born at Quebec in 1811; died at Sorel on March 3. Ansley, John Henry,-Crown Attorney for Norfolk County. Born in Brant County in 1827; died at Simcoe on March 13.

Aylmer, Adolphus Aylmer,-Seventh Lord. Born June 10, 1814; died at Melbourne, P.Q., on Dec. 1.

Barbeau, Edmond Julien,-Assistant Receiver-General at Montreal, and formerly Manager of the City and District Savings Bank. Born at Laprairie on Nov. 30, 1830; died in Montreal on Aug 4.

Beaton, Donald,-Editorial writer on Winnipeg Times and Free Press; Editor of Nelson Miner. Born in Pickering Township, Ont., 1841; died, by an accident, in Nelson, B.C., on July 20

Beatty, Robert,-Banker. Born in Halton County on July 28, 1824; died in Toronto on July 16.

Bedford-Jones, M.A., LL.D., D.C.L., The Venerable Thomas,-Archdeacon of Kingston. Born at Cork, Ireland, on Jan. 16, 1830; died at Brockville on June 21.

Bennet, D.D., The Rev. James,-Born at Lisbon, County Down, Ireland, on Feb. 17, 1817; died at St. John on June 29.

Bell, M.P., John William,-President of the Imperial Council of the Loyal Orange Association. Born in Camden, County of Lennox, on March 18, 1838; died at Desmond, Ont., on July 5.

Bishop, ex-M.P.P., Archibald,—Born at Edinburgh, Scotland, on Sept. 6, 1829; died at Usborne, Huron County, on April 25.

Blackader, Henry Dugwell,-Proprietor of the Acadian Recorder, Halifax. Born in Halifax, Feb. 6, 1845; died at the same place on July 21.

Bond, Major Edward Langley,-President of the Marine Underwriters' Association of Montreal. Born at Montreal on Oct. 2, 1850; died at Philipsburg, P.Q., on

Dec. 3.

Boultbee, ex-M.P., Alfred,—One-time Political Secretary of the United Empire Club in Toronto. Born on March 5, 1829; died at Toronto on Dec. 29.

Boyle, Patrick,-Editor of the Irish-Canadian, Toronto. Born at Newport, Mayo, Ireland, in 1832; died at Toronto on Aug. 1.

Bremner, Archibald,-Journalist. Born in Newfoundland in 1849; died at London, Ont., on June 29.

Bulmer, John Thomas,-Formerly Secretary of the Nova Scotia Historical Society and Legislative Librarian of Nova Scotia. Born at Nappan, N.S., in 1848; died on Feb. 9.

Burton, The Hon. Sir George William,-Chief Justice of Ontario, 1897-1900. Born at Sandwich, Kent, England, on July 21, 1819, died at Toronto on Aug. 22. Cabana, K.C., Herbert Charon,-Prothonotary of Superior Court; Professor of Civil Law at Bishop's College; ex-Mayor of Sherbrooke. Born in Verchéres on June 14, 1838; died at Sherbrooke on June 8.

Calder, John,-Merchant. Born in Scotland in 1829; died in Hamilton on Dec. 21. Campbell, Charles James,-Assistant Receiver-General at Toronto. Born at Kingston on May 9, 1820; died at Toronto on May 17.

Carruthers, John,-Formerly Mayor of Prescott. Born in 1848; died at Prescott on April 1.

Chambers, Edward Thomas,-Head Master of the British-Canadian School at Montreal. Born at Chelsea, England, in 1827; died at Montreal, Feb. 1. Charland, B.C.L., The Hon. Alfred Napoleon,-Judge of the Superior Court of Quebec. Born at Iberville on May 28, 1842; died at St. John's on Aug. 12.

Charlton, Benjamin Ernest.-Formerly President of the Hamilton Board of Trade. Born in Brant County on April 12, 1835; died at Hamilton on March 15. Chisholm, K.C., ex-M.P.P., Colin,-Born at Long Point, Inverness County, N.S., in 1848; died on Feb. 15.

Clow, M.L.C., The Hon. James,-Born in Prince Edward Island in 1837; died at Murray Harbour on April 2.

Cluxton, ex-M.P., William,-Born at Dundalk, Louth, Ireland, on March 31, 1819; died at Peterborough on Feb. 16.

Cochrane, D.D., The Rev. George,-Chairman of the Canadian Methodist Mission in Japan; President of the Theological College in Japan; President of the Toronto Conference; Dean of the College of Liberal Arts in the University of Southern California. Born in Cavan County, Ireland, Jan. 14, 1834; died at Los Angelos, California, on May 24.

Cockshutt, Ignatius,-Merchant, Manufacturer, and Philanthropist. Born at Bradford, Yorkshire, England, on Aug. 24, 1812; died at Brantford on Feb. 28.

Collins, Edward,-Formerly Warden of Dundas and Stormont County, Ont. Born at Dundas in 1845; died at Dundas on May 19.

Conklin, ex-M.P.P., Elias George,--Formerly Mayor of Winnipeg and Clerk of Manitoba Legislature. Born near Paris, Ont., in 1845; Died at Winnipeg on April 20.

Conner, John,-President of the Truro, N.S., Board of Trade. Born at Kingston, N.B., in 1842; died at Truro on May 24.

Crozier, Major Leif Newry Fitzroy,-Superintendent of the North-West Mounted Police from 1875 to 1885. Born at Newry, Ireland, in 1847; died at Oklahoma, U.S., on Feb. 25.

Davidson, Robert Stewart,-Merchant and ex-Mayor of Peterborough. Born in the County of Peterborough in 1848; died at Peterborough on Aug. 1.

Davin, K.C., ex-M.P., Nicholas Flood,-Editor for some years of the Regina Leader; President of the North-West Conservative Association; Author of The Irishman in Canada, etc. Born at Kilfinane, Limerick, Ireland, on June 13, 1843; died at Winnipeg, by suicide, on Oct. 18.

Dawson, C.M.G., D.C.L., F.R.S., George Mercer,-Director of the Canadian Geological Survey and Past President of the Royal Society of Canada. Born at Pictou, N.S., Aug. 1, 1849; died at Ottawa on March 2.

Denovan, LL.D., The Rev. Joshua,-Born at Glasgow, Scotland, on Dec. 27, 1829; died at Toronto on Jan. 2.

De Wolfe, M.D., James Ratchford,-Formerly Superintendent of the Halifax Hospital for the Insane. Born in Halifax, 1819; died at Halifax on March 5. Duchesnay, Edmonde Jucheroux,-Assistant-General Superintendent of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Born on June 24, 1856; killed by accident near North Bend, B.C., on Sept. 5.

Dunlop, John,-Agriculturalist. Born in Ayrshire, Scotland, March 30, 1816; died at Woodstock, Ont., on Aug. 29.

Dustan, George Gordon,-Sugar refiner. Born at Islay, Scotland, in 1888; died at Dartmouth, N.S., on Oct. 3.

Elliot, James Halliday,-Banker; Reeve of Chesley, Ont., for 11 years, aud Publisher of Chesley Enterprise. Born at Smith Falls, Ont., in 1836; died at Chesley on May 11.

Farrell, M.D., M.L.C., The Hon. Edward,-Born at Dartmouth, N.S., in 1842; died on Jan. 1.

Ferguson, M.P.P., Robert,-Banker. Born at Dumfries, Scotland, in 1848; died at Thamesville, Ont., on Sept. 8.

Fitzgerald, P.L.S., James William,-Born at Cork, Ireland, Dec. 28, 1827; died at Peterborough on May 9.

Foster, Edward Clarke,-Postmaster at Berwick, N.S. Born at Granville, N.S., in 1817; died at Berwick on Sept. 6.

Gagnon, ex-M. P.P., The Hon. Charles Antoine Ernest,-One-time Provincial Secretary of Quebec; Founder of L'Electeur newspaper; Sheriff of Quebec City at the time of his death. Born at Rivere Ouelle, P.Q., in 1846; died at Quebec on

June 11.

Galt, Knt., The Hon. Sir Thomas, -Chief Justice of the Ontario Court of Common Pleas, 1887-1894. Born in London, England, Aug. 17, 1815; died at Toronto on June 29.