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ing everybody eye minded. A similar test was made by me a year or two ago in a system of schools with an enrollment of over three thousand pupils, which disclosed the fact that the pupils of this system of schools tended towards eye mindedness rather than ear mindedness, even in the lower grades.

In regard to what has been said relative to the temperament of children, I desire simply to add that this subject may be indefinitely extended, on the part of the teacher, by a careful study of the physical characteristics of children; such as bent backs, slouching gaits, shoulders of unequal heights, dull foreheads, knitting eyebrows, defective eye movements, gaping mouths, twitching of fingers, weak head and hand balances, together with numerous nervous signs.

In view of the fact that many children are found to be partly deaf or partly blind, every child in the public school should have his sight and hearing tested periodically, and should then be seated according to the capabilities of these two senses. Eye straining always gives rise to chronic headache. The dull and inattentive pupil should be made the subject of constant study by the teacher.

Teachers, though little schooled in scientific methods, may gain great advantage by carefully studying the children under their charge. Colonel Parker has truly said, "The great duty of the teacher is to know the child, and to supply the conditions for his highest growth and development into character."

I earnestly hope that the time will soon come when teachers everywhere, will have more freedom and conveniences for a careful and systematic study of children.

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16. The Effect of Eye and Ear Strain upon the Brain and the Disposition of the Child. .SUPT. E. STANLEY, Lawrence A Life Book for the Child PROF. SADIE L. MONTGOMERY, Emporia The Intellectual Ability of Children in the Public Schools as Affected by Nationality.... ...PRIN. M. E. PEARSON, Kansas City Ample time will be given for the discussion of each topic. A cordial invitation is extended to teachers, parents, and others interested in the work of the society. The Railways will give excursion rates on the certificate plan provided one hundred attend from abroad. Will you begin at once to plan to come? We hope to make this a great meeting.

The Literati Society.

The customary high Literati standard has been maintained in the programs of the past month. One of the most unique and enjoyable entertainments was an eighteenth century program. The officers of the society and those who took part in the exercises appeared in costume.

The president and vice president presided as Martha and George Washington, while the secretary and treasurer appeared as the daughter and son of Mrs. Washington. Such names as John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, Samuel Adams, John Hancock, Dolly Adams and Molly Stark appear on the program, and bespeak the high character of the performance.

The all-absorbing topic of interest at present is the June contest. The Literati standard will be upheld by Mr. Geo. Gorow and Miss Sadie Goodwin. They are worthy representatives of the society, and will receive the hearty support of every loyal literatus.

The reins of government are at present held by the following persons: President, Mr. F. M. Mahin; vice president, Miss Lillian Smith; secretary, Mr. Johnson; chorister, Miss Adelaide Staatz; sergeant-at-arms, John Kirby.

The students entering for spring work will receive a cordial welcome in the Literati hall. We invite all such to come and join with us in our society work.

The Lyceum Society.

History repeats itself. It was Perry who said, "We have met the enemy and they are ours." It was Perry and Creighton who met the enemy in '97, and they became ours. In the Hood contest in debate the Lyceum representatives vanquished the Philos in intellectual combat and decided that treatment of criminals should not be primarily reformatory. And "our own Mr. Creighton," by his eloquence, captured the coveted first place. Then the judges decided unanimously that the Lyceum's presentation of "Ingomar" was superior to the like presentation by her opponent. There was a rush for the hall, and the names of Creighton, Perry, Gillette, Wiley, Cochran, Rhodes, and Moore were enrolled on the list of "immortal gods" of the Lyceum society.

A special evening was devoted to the celebration of "this famous victory." "The Hermit" was hung upon the walls with appropriate ceremonies, where it will be a reminder of the efforts of our dramatic art contestants. Miss Whitney dedicated this work of art in her usual happy manner.

Even the babies are Lyceumites. E. A. Shepardson is authority for the statement that his son's first words were "Riga-jig-a-bum;" and little Cecil Davis was equally as loyal, this being the first yell she learned. A new constitution and by-laws has given additional stability to the organization, and if all Lyceum papas "train up their children as they should go," the future of the society is assured.

J. W. Evans now wields the gavel, and Miss Helen Oldham graces the secretary's chair.

PLANS are rapidly maturing for the great Interstate Normal Oratorical League contest on the evening of May 7. The following have been selected as judges on thought and composition: Dr. E. E. White, Columbus, Ohio; Dr. F. W. Gunsaulus, Chicago, Illinois; Superintendent Greenwood, Kansas City, Missouri; Superintendent Holloway, Fort Smith, Arkansas, and Superintendent Seifert, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The following have been selected to act as judges on delivery: William Jennings Bryan, Lincoln, Nebraska; State Senator Hessin, Manhattan, Kansas; and Superintendent Hayden, Des Moines Iowa. Orders for reserved seats are already coming in from the neighboring towns. A match game of base ball and a tennis tournament are also in prospect.

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PRESIDENT TAYLOR lectured at the Oklahoma Normal School at Edmond, Oklahoma, on the evening of March 18, at the University at Norman on the morning of March 19, and at Guthrie on the evening of March 19. He was delighted with what he saw and heard in that rising commonwealth. Both the Normal School and University are well organized and fairly well equipped. The University already has a valuable line of physical and chemical apparatus, and its library is large enough to meet the present needs of the school. He found old friends at both places who gave him a cordial welcome. At Edmond he met Professors Thatcher and Allen, formerly of Kansas, and Professor E. W. Doran, an old time friend and student of his in Lincoln University, Illinois. At Norman, Grace King, Maud DeCou, and Mary Overstreet, graduates of the State Normal, made him feel at home at once. As all will remember, President Boyd was formerly superintendent of the Baxter Springs and Arkansas City schools. He is planning great things for the University and its faculty; students and friends The President are enthusiastically cooperating with him. stopped at the hospitable home of President and Mrs. Boyd. At Guthrie, of course, he was the guest of Superintendent L. W. Baxter, class of '93, and met many old friends from Kansas; among them, Mrs. Pinkham, class of '69, Ralph Smith, and Rev. Mr. Holt, formerly pastor of the Baptist church in Emporia. Mr. Baxter is doing excellent work at Guthrie and many words of appreciation and commendation are heard on every hand. The friends of Rev. Mr. Holt will be rejoiced to know that he has just completed at Guthrie one of the most handsome and convenient churches in the territory.

THE Eurydice Club gave a complimentary concert on the evening of March 27. Albert Taylor hall was filled with a large and enthusiastic audience and many numbers were given hearty encores. It had been whispered around for some weeks that the program would prove most acceptable to lovers of music, but very few were expecting such a treat. The rostrum was transformed into a large parlor with rockers and divans for forty fair singers, and as they filed in, that picture itself was worth coming a long distance to see. The program opened with "Overture. Caliph of Bagdad," Boieldieu, eight hands, and closed with "Good Night," by the club. The recitations by Misses Hays and Cochran were thoroughly enjoyed, and added variety to the program as a whole. We wish that space permitted the mention of each uumber, but we must content ourselves with saying that altogether it was the most satisfactory and enjoyable affair of the kind ever presented at the Normal. Professor and Mrs. Boyle, as well as the individual members of the club are worthy of the highest praise for the superb entertainment given us.

DOCTOR NOURSE lectured on the evening of March 24, in the regular course of entertainments, on "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde." The doctor's reputation preceded him but his fine analysis of the story as well as his thoughtful and eloquent plea were a delightful surprise to the entire audience. The doctor is most intensely dramatic at times and yet without that affectation and studied pose which characterize so many platform speakers. "Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" is a great lecture and has hardly been equalled by that of any one who has spoken to us during the past ten years.

SENATOR FORNEY, of Sumner county, visited friends in the city over Sunday, March 21, and gave us a call on Monday morning. He was most cordially welcomed by the boys and girls and responded in a few happy and helpful words. The senator expressed himself as enjoying his visit very much, and we hope he may come again soon. He has been appointed chairman of the Ways and Means Committee of the Senate, vice Senator Lewelling, resigned. His long experience as a member of that committee makes his appointment particularly fitting.

CONTEST IN DEBATE AND DRAMATIC ART.

The Lyceum Society Wins in Both.

The Hood prize contest in debate and the contest in dramatic art were held on the evening of March 6. The Lyceum society won in debate and dramatic art, but both societies have reason to feel proud of their representatives.

The interest preceding the contest manifested itself in an unusual way. There was less flaunting of colors, less noise in society yells, but the unusual sale of tickets showed that contest enthusiasm was unabated. Never before has our beautiful Albert Taylor hall been so packed to overflowing in any contest, and never has a more appreciative audience greeted more earnest contestants. The west box was decorated with Lyceum colors and the pink and green were artistically combined under the hands of a professional draper, while the east box wore the emblems of purity and truth never so gracefully. Music by the chorus and the invocation opened the program and prepared the way for the question, "Resolved, That state treatment of criminals should primarily be reformatory." A. M. Thoroman of the Philomathian society, opened the discussion and gained at once, by his manly bearing and earnest delivery, the close attention of his hearers to a well developed argument. Mr. Morrison, the second speaker on the affirmative, presented a well arranged argument calculated to make its appeal directly to the heart. There is a persuasive cadence in his delivery that carries convincing power with it. Mr. Thoroman won the second prize-ten dollars.

John S. Perry, of the Lyceum, representing the negative side of the question, presented fine argument, and while his delivery was clear cut and quite direct, it lacked his usual vitality. The last speaker on the negative, V. E. Creighton, was thoroughly alive to his subject. He presented fine argument in an interesting, earnest, and direct manner, holding the closest attention of his hearers. Mr. Creighton won first place and the prize of thirty dollars. As the debates will appear elsewhere, a synopsis of them will not be attempted here.

The stage curtain was lowered while the orchestra rendered "Constellation March," and when it rose it seemed that good fairies had called forth by magic a "temple fit for the gods." It was Grecian in every detail-marble pillars, Ionic capitalsfringe and all. In its pure whiteness, emphasized by the dark green of the palms, it looked like Carrara marble. Through this portico Actea passed to call Parthenia.

Allowing both casts to give the same scenes was an experiment, tried this year for the first time. It is a much fairer way to measure the ability of the two casts, and the second rendering loses none of the interest; on the other hand, the interest grows as the two interpretations are compared. One of the most delightful features of this delightful presentation was the originality in the interpretation of both casts, exemplifying so well a principle of the instructor in this work-"help the reader to a better view point; increase the range of his vision, but leave him his individuality."

The play selected was Ingomar; the language, poetry and dramatic action of this play stand unsurpassed in the history of the modern drama. The portions selected were Scene I., Act I., Scene I,, Act II., and Scene 1., Act III. By choice the Philomathian cast presented the scenes first. Miss McGann as Actea, by her fine presence suggested the Greek matron. Mr. Burnap as Polydor, made a definite personation, but he was more in sympathy with the character, Alastor, assumed later in the play. Mr. Griswold aroused our sympathies as Myron, the aged father, but the chief interest of the play centers in Porthenia and Ingomar. There was a certain quiet dignity and grace in Miss Ott as Parthenia that charmed the audience. When Ingomar commanded her, as his slave, to stay and she

replied: "I am no slave! Your hostage but no slave," enthusiastic applause interrupted the scene for a moment. Miss Ott's Parthenia could sacrifice even love to duty and was heroic from first to last. Equally popular with the audience was Mr. Jones as Ingomar. There was a sincerity, a manliness, a selfforgetfulness in his rendition that allied him to the truth in this art. He had appeared before a public audience but once before in his life, and yet he lost himself entirely in the character and became Ingomar. After the music by the Orchestra the Lyceum cast presented the same scenes. Miss Hattie Cochran as Actea, gave an unusually fine interpretation to her lines; the action was perfect. Mr. Gillette as Ingomar made a very strong impersonation, while Miss Wiley presented a most graceful, vivacious Parthenia. One of the strongest personations made by either cast was that of Polydor by Mr. Rhodes. Mr. Moore so lost himself in the character of Myron that his best friends did not recognize him.

The work of this cast throughout was very artistic. One does not usually see so fine a rendering short of professionals of a high order. The robes of the Greeks and the leather and fur suits of the barbarians were beautiful.

The prize in dramatic art was a copy of Solomon Koninck's famous picture, "The Hermit," in the Dresden collection. Some think it the finest piece in the Normal. The judges unanimously awarded it to the Lyceum society. The following is the summary of the markings of the judges on debate:

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It is needless to describe the merry-making scene that greeted the eyes and ears of those fortunate enough to crowd into the Lyceum hall after the victory. The Philomathians gracefully acknowledged their defeat, and found solace in the many victories they had won in the past, as well as in those they are sure to win in the future.

PROBABLY nothing in the work of the institution is showing its growth and efficiency more than the improvement in our various public contests. The work which Miss Hoaglin is doing from month to month never received more hearty commendation than that given by everybody at the close of the last contest in debate and dramatic art. She surrenders all of her time and strength to the young men and women who present themselves for these contests, and their improvement is the highest evidence of her ability and skill. Few people understand the amount of labor and time necessary to prepare these public programs acceptably, and consequently many of us are forgetful of the spirit which directs it all.

"H. B. 675 and S. B. 440." The certificate bill which aroused so much interest in the legislature, was at last disposed of in the senate by striking out the enacting clause. Though the vote was close, it was sufficient and plainly showed that the bill lacked at least four or five votes necessary to its final passage. We never had a doubt as to the outcome, if the members of the legislature could, in the midst of other pressing duties, be persuaded to take sufficient time for an understanding of the interests involved. We always fear hasty action on educational questions, but have confidence in their deliberate consideration. There were honest differences of opinion on the merits of this bill and they are always entitled to respect, but a majority of the senators evidently saw that it was intended to disparage and cripple an institution which is doing a great service to public education in the state. The House did not reach a vote on the bill.

A thousand thanks to the loyal friends through out Kansas who promptly and emphatically raised their voices in protest against the passage of the bill. The protest came not simply from former students and their friends, but from a host of teachers and others interested in our schools. School boards, teachers' associations, county boards, and tradesmen of every guild urged their senators and representatives to vote against the bill. All this was the more gratifying and refreshing because it meant that others than our own children place a high value upon the work which we are trying to do. And yet we recognize the fact that the principle at stake was far more important than the interests of any single institution. The "fifteen colleges representing five thousand students and three hundred instructors" that sent in the appeals on printed postal cards which had already been prepared for the signature of those whose names were attached, naturally made an imposing presentation of their case, but the people of this country guard too zealously its public school system to permit any attack upon any part of it, however specious the plea, without vigorous objection. Some of the advocates of the bill did not conceal their hostility to the state institutions and espoused it as a means of weakening their influence.

We would be pleased to name the many members of the legislature who so kindly interested themselves in our behalf, but lack of space forbids. They are not soon forgotten by us and their remembrance will ever stimulate us to more earnest endeavor that the institution may prove of greater usefulness to the state as the years go by.

While not disposed to be captious, now that all is over, we would like to ask our brethren in the faith, "representing fifteen colleges and five thousand students," where they discovered, either in the old or the new testament, the authority for the statement that "all the schools and colleges in the state except the State Normal School" were in favor of the passage of H. B. 675 and S. B. 440? If the word of President Fairchild and Chancellor Snow is trustworthy, -and who doubts it?— there is a slight error of at least two in the above mentioned number, and if the word of other brethren who can be named is to be accepted, the apparent unanimity will be still further disturbed on critical examination. But how about the public schools of the State? Are they, with their four hundred thousand pupils and twelve thousand teachers to be ignored in this reckoning? Are the two hundred high schools and academies with their fifteen thousand students and twice three hundred instructors in favor of this proposed disfranchisement of the State Normal School? The catalogues of the supposed fifteen colleges show that more than two-thirds of their students are doing high school and academic work only. Are they entitled to such consideration that the wishes of those in the public schools are not to be mentioned at all? We are not attempting to depreciate the self-sacrificing work of the schools issuing

that postal card. No one has been more ready to give it generous recognition, but we must insist that such statements are not calculated to impress some people as recognizing the rights of the public schools. The real question was not whether one or forty state or non-state schools favored the bill, but whether it was equitable and whether it was in accord with a wise public policy. In this, we are simply obeying a scriptural injunction. See Matthew xviii:15.

There seems to be a little fear on the part of some of our friends that the "Godless state schools" are not to be trusted with the education of the children of the church. Chance'lor Snow submitted a statement at Topeka concerning the religious attitude of the students at the State University, and we think the State Agricultural College makes an equally good showing. We challenge comparison of the morals or even the religious character of our students with those of any strictly denominational college on the globe. Recent summaries satisfy us that we have more Methodists, more Presbyterians, more Congregationalists, more Baptists, in attendance here than are enrolled at any one, or with one exception, in all of the Kansas colleges combined, under the auspices of the respective churches named. They are a noble band of youth, neither ashamed of their religion nor wanting in loyalty to the church of their choice. They are a positive force in every circle and gain rather than lose the true Christian spirit, through this intermingling of sects. We write this not in the spirit of boasting, but in justice to those who are urged to believe otherwise and in the interests of fair play. There is so much room for us all to work in this world that we ought not to be frittering away our time on petty things. Let us be larger. Let us be vying in good works, not in fault-finding and cavilling. Let us find other means for attracting students to our walls than by running down our neighbors.

The editor of the State Journal is a warm friend of the State Normal School. In a vigorous editorial, "Don't Cripple Them," he thus expressed himself on the certificate bill:

"This paper cannot imagine a more unjust or more harmful measure toward the State Normal School than this proposed law, to take from its diploma the authority it carries as a certificate to teach in the schools of Kansas. This point was in the very charter of the school. Since its organization this one privilege has been the great incentive that has encouraged the thousands of students to spend years in completing the course. In his message to the legislature, Governor Leedy happily referred to the wise provision of the certificate value of the Normal diplomas."

THE members of the faculty called on Hon. V. K. Stanley on Wednesday evening, March 31, and presented him and his wife with two handsome wicker chairs. The coming was a complete surprise and Mr. Stanley responded to the presentation address by President Taylor with great feeling. He has been a faithful member of the Board and has won friends among us on every hand. We are assured that while he now severs his official connection with us, he will always be with us in spirit and counsel.

THE Board of Regents met on the afternoon of March 16 to finish up the business for the purpose of turning affairs over to the new Board which will meet to organize April 13. We are all rejoicing that Hon. John Madden and Hon. J. S. McGrath were reappointed Regents. Hon. J. H. Ritchie, succeed of Cherryvale, was appointed to Hon. V. K. Stanley. He is the editor of the Populist, a live paper in southern Kansas, and will undoubtedly prove a valuable member of the Board.

REGENT S. H. DODGE is the Republican nominee for Mayor of Beloit. We hope to salute him as "Mr. Mayor" when he comes to the next meeting of the Board.

Doctor Dinsmore Resigns. Though many protests were made against the bill reducing salaries at the state educational institutions, the principal argument being that we would lose some of our best men and women, nothing better than a compromize between the House and Senate bills could be secured. The members of the faculty made no threats about resigning, but it was feared some of them might have inducements elsewhere which they would feel they ought to accept. They love their work, they love the institution, and they have not been disposed to take any hasty action in the premises. There is probably not a member of the faculty that could not easily earn much more elsewhere than he is paid here. In justice to himself, though regretting greatly the necessity for the step, Doctor Dinsmore sent in his resignation to the Board of Regents at its March meeting. The Doctor's relations have always been most pleasant with regents, faculty, and students. For thirteen years he has labored incessantly for the building up of the school, and for the advancement of education in our state. His devotion and enthusiasm have been infectious and thousands of Kansas teachers are doing better work today for having come in contact with his spirit.

Thirteen years! When he came to the institution, our attendance was less than one-third of what it is now. We had little in the way of library and apparatus, and were just considering new plans for the enlargement of the work of the institution. In all these years, he has been a wise counsellor and a true friend, ever sacrificing self-interest for what might seem to be the good of the school as a whole. Few men are so skilled in manipulating apparatus as he; few are so ready in adapting themselves to the needs of their pupils. If such men were easily found, the loss to the institution would not be so great, however keen it may be to us personally. The loss comes not simply to the school but to the city, of which he has always been a public spirited citizen, and to the state as well.

Mrs. Dinsmore will be missed from many circles in the school and in the city where she has ever been a most welcome visitor and a trusted leader. Their hospitable home over which she so gracefully presides, will not be one of the least things of which their departure will deprive us.

As is well known, the Doctor has been in great demand for the past few years as a platform lecturer and he will probably devote himself exclusively to popular science lectures for the next few years, with headquarters at Syracuse, New York.

We have been indulging the hope that some adjustments might be made, but the law does not leave the Regents that latitude which they formerly enjoyed. The blessings of the profession throughout the state as well as of his personal friends here, will always be with him wherever he goes.

Professor WILKINSON gave the faculty lecture for March on "Memory, Its Uses and Abuses." It was a most interesting presentation of the subject and will prove of incalculable value to every one who heard it. We trust we may be able to give at least a synopsis of it in the near future.

May I send you "To California and Back?" It is the name of a delightful winter or summer tour, and an entertaining illustrated descriptive book. The book is free; the trip is not. You can, however, reach California over the Santa Fe Route as cheaply as via any other line, with better and more speedy service. Our improved Pullman tourist sleepers meet the requirements of those who seek economy without sacrifice of any essential comfort. Address, W. J. Black, G. P. A., A. T. & S. F. Ry., Topeka, Kansas.

'98. J. A. Farrell was compelled to leave his classes recently on account of the serious illness of his mother. We are sorry to learn that he may not return again this year.

Battalion Prize Drill and Banquet. After several postponements, the event of the year in Battalion circles,-anticipated with fluttering hearts by the young ladies-finally occurred on the afternoon and evening of Saturday, March 13, being the annual prize drill for sergeants' sections, followed by the banquet to the victors. Interest in the contest was such that more than the usual number of spectators assembled in Albert Taylor hall to witness the military maneuvers of the competing sections as they severally came upon the stage to exemplify the word of command. The judges found it no easy task to decide among so many soldierly competitors, but Sergeant C. C. Craig of Company "B," was adjudged to be entitled to the chief distinction, and upon his breast, at the close of a neat congratulatory speech, Colonel McCarty pinned a beautiful golden trophy of victory-an award that gave universal satisfaction.

The privates of the winning section are as follows: A. E. Garlick, J. O. Heck, J. L. Jenkins, Wilbern Parker, Ralph J. Pray, D. A. Rice, C. N. Roberts, T. W. Woodworth.

The evening exercises were characterized by the same hearty good cheer and overflow of patriotic sentiment as has been manifested heretofore,-though if possible in an intensified degree. It were invidious to discriminate among the numerous happy postprandials, given under the presiding genius of Commandant Stevenson, as toastmaster, but "The American Flag," by Captain Hugh Durham, "Unofficial Officials," by President Taylor, "The War Spirit," by Professor Wilkinson, "Why Girls Admire Soldier Boys," by Miss Lestie Wilbur, and "The New Battle Field," by Miss Beth Warner, helped to kindle and keep alive the enthusiasm which burst forth at intervals through out the evening in impromptu verse and gladsome song as instanced in the following by Private Davis toasting "Company 'A'"

Who at trump of duty's sound,

Straight in line are always found;

And in snow-ball battle stand their ground?

The boys of Company "A," the boys of Company "A." Who yearns for irksome school to close, That he at length may gain repose,

And show the home folks what he knows?

The boy of Company "A," the boy of Company “A.”

Who longs to lay aside his books?

Who greets the girls with loving looks,
And wonders how they'd prove as cooks?

The boy of Company "A," the boy of Company “A.”

Who, should patriotism call,

And need of country summon all,
Quick in line would surely fall?

The boys of Company "A," the boys of Company "A." The medals for these contests are donated by a gentleman of this city whose modesty has prompted him to forbid the use of his name as donor.

'91. H. W. Manning writes that the graduating class of Rush College, Chicago, this year contains three hundred members, the largest graduating class from any Medical College in the world. He reports our Mr. Shannon finishing his second year in Rush.

'94. W. H. Park is now employed as railroad postal clerk at St. Louis, Missouri.

'96. R. J. Barnett has just finished a good school in Republic county. He is now making himself useful at home near Jamestown.

'96. Everybody gives Earl M. Carney a'cordial welcome back to the Normal this week. He will graduate in the Latin course with the class of '97.

'98. All of us sympathize with Margaret Drennan in the loss of her mother recently.

'98. Ella Avard is teaching near Washington, Kansas. She assures us that her school building is in some respects the finest in the county.

'98. Everybody gave Willis Cain a warm welcome on the morning of the 26th, after ten days' absence at home assisting his father, whose health has not been good lately.

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