QUESTIONS.-1. What is this book intended to teli? 2. What is the shape of the earth? 3. What continents are on one side of the world? What continents on the other side? 4. What three continents did the wise people of long ago know about? 5. What lands did some sailors from Norway discover? 6. Why were their discoveries forgotten? 7. When and where was Columbus born? 8. What kind of a boy was Columbus? 9. Where did the people of Europe get their silks, spices, gold and jewels? 10. In the time of Columbus, what people kept the people of Europe from trading with India? 11. How did Columbus think he could get to India? 12. To what king did he first go to get aid? 13. Why didn't King John help him? 14. To what country did Columbus go from Portugal? 15. Who were the rulers of Spain at this time? 16. What did Isabella offer to do in order to help Columbus? 17. How many ships were furnished him and what were their names? 18. When, and from what port in Spain lid he sail? 19. How long did it take to make the voyage across the Atlantic? 20. When, and where did Columbus land in the "New World"? 21. What name did Columbus give to the inhabitants of the New World? Why did he give them this name? 22. How many voyages did Columbus make? 23. Where did Spain place her first Colonies in the New World? 24. What object did the Spaniards have in coming to the New World? 25. How was Columbus treated when he was an old man? 26. When did he die? GEOGRAPHY QUESTIONS FOR CHAPTER II. Map of Europe-1. On what arm of the Mediterranean Sea is Venice? 2. In what part of England is Bristol? Map of the World-3. If you were to sail due west from England, what part of North America would you come to? 4. Which is the longer route, from Bristol to Nova Scotia, or from Bristol to Cuba? Map of North America-5. Where is Labrador? What country now owns Labrador and Nova Scotia? 6. Where is the Chesapeake Bay? 7. In what direction is the Chesapeake Bay from Labrador? Map of South America-8. In what part of South America is Brazil? 9. What two continents are included under the name America? CHAPTER II. THE CABOTS AND AMERIGO VESPUCCI. 1. John and Sebastian Cabot.-When the discovery that Columbus had made became known in Europe, everybody went wild with excitement. King Henry VII., of England, was a wide-awake man, and he wanted England to have a part in everything that was taking place. So when he heard of what Columbus had done, he looked around for some good men to send out to explore the northern part of the Atlantic. At that time there were living in Bristol, England, a Venetian merchant named John Cabot, and his son, Sebastian. They were good sailors, and the English often speak of Sebastian Cabot as the "Great Seaman." When these Cabots heard that King Henry wanted to send out an expedition, they asked the king to let them go. 1497 2. The Voyage of the Cabots.—In 1497, John and Sebastian Cabot set out from England, and sailed towards the west. Some time in June, they saw land, which was probably Nova Scotia. They went on shore, and saw no living being, nothing but a great forest. The land was claimed in the name of King Henry VII., of England. Later, they found some Indians, of whom they took three to England. When the Cabots got back, King Henry was so delighted with what they told him that he gave them £10 ($50) for their discovery. Henry was a very stingy king, so this gift shows you how highly he prized what the Cabots had done. 3. The Voyage of Sebastian Cabot.-The next year, 1498 Sebastian (Se băs'te an) Cabot made a voyage without his father. He had 300 men with him, and went as far as Labrador. He met with so many icebergs, and it was so cold in that region, that he turned south, and sailed along the coast of North America as far south as the Chesapeake Bay. Thus North America was discovered by the Cabots sailing under the English flag, and this is the way England got her claim to the eastern part of North America. 4. Amerigo Vespucci.-Italy furnished at this time many of the great sailors. You remember Columbus came from Genoa, what is now Brazil in South America. 5. Naming of the New World.-About the year 1500, everybody in Europe began to speak of the land. which Columbus and the other explorers had found as the "New World." When Amerigo Vespucci returned to Europe, he wrote an account of what he had seen, 1506 and this account was the first to be published. People then began to talk about Amerigo's land, and finally they called it America. So the New World was named after Amerigo Vespucci. If it had been named after Columbus, as it should have been, it would have been called Columbia. QUESTIONS.-1. What effect on the people in England had the news of the discovery that Columbus had made? 2. Who was King of England at that time? 3. Whom did he send to make explorations in the new country? 4. Who were the Cabots and where did they live? 5. What land did John and Sebastian Cabot discover? 6. For whom did they claim the land they discovered? 7. What land did Sebastian Cabot discover on his second voyage? 8. What prevented his sailing farther north? 9. How far south did he sail? 10. What did England claim in consequence of the discoveries of the Cabots? 11. After whom was America named? 12. What can you tell of Amerigo Vespucci? 13. Where did he make his explorations? 14. Why was this country called America instead of Columbia? GEOGRAPHY QUESTIONS FOR CHAPTER III. Map of North America-1. What gulf is west of the West Indies? 2. What isthmus connects North and South America? 3. What ocean lies west of America? 4. What State is nearest Porto Rico? 5. In what direction is Florida from Porto Rico? 6. In what part of Florida is St. Augustine? 7. What country lies west of Cuba? 8. On which side of Mexico is Vera Cruz? 9. In what direction is the City of Mexico from Vera Cruz? 10. In what part of Florida is Tampa? 11. What States would you have to cross in going by land from Tampa, Florida, to Memphis, Tennessee? 12. In which of the Southern States is Wilmington? 13. What country lies north of the United States? 14. On what river is Quebec? 15. Where is the Hudson River? 16. Into which river does the Ohio empty? 17. What is the longest river in the United States and in what direction does it flow? 18. Into what gulf does the Mississippi empty? CHAPTER III. SOME EXPLORERS. 1. Balboa and the Pacific.-Balboa (Băl bō'ä) was a Spaniard of noble family, but he had wasted his money and was an outlawed debtor in the West India Islands. He heard of a ship that was going to sail towards South America, and he hid himself in a barrel which was put into the ship. After the ship got to sea, he broke out the head of the barrel, and begged the crew to take him as a comrade. This they did. A big storm wrecked the ship on the Isthmus of Panama, but Balboa with many of the crew escaped to the shore. He became their leader. They met with standing on American seen this ocean before. Bal boa hastened to the water, drew his sword and with it in his right hand and the flag of Spain in his left, he waded into the water up to his knees, and claimed for the King of Spain all the islands and continents that 1513 might be in that great ocean. |