opportunity to befriend him and the colonists. She brought them food, and frequently warned them of her father's designs against their safety.

9. Smith's Wise Rule. Soon after Smith's return, the people elected him as their ruler. Smith knew that work was the best thing for the colonists, and he set them to building houses, cultivating the ground, and getting things together to send to England when the ships should come again to Virginia. Smith insisted that the gentlemen in the colony must work, and set them an example by taking the hardest tasks himself. When a man got angry and swore, he was punished by having a cup of hot water poured into his sleeve.

10. Fire at Jamestown.-Newport came back, ten months after he left, with a fresh supply of colonists. He found only forty of the first settlers living. To add to their misery, the little town took fire and was burned. The church, the dwellings, the storehouses were all consumed, and the settlers left destitute at the beginning of the winter. Smith again encouraged them to work, and got them some food from the Indians.

II. Greediness for Gold. They might have done well, but unfortunately they found some yellow earth which they took for gold, and gave up all useful labor to dig great piles of the worthless stuff. In spite of all that Smith could say and do, they remained lazy and wasteful, and some of them hated him for making them work.

12. Smith's Map of the Chesapeake Bay.-A wonderful work which Smith performed was to explore the Chesapeake Bay and to make a map of it and of the rivers which run into it.

This map is a good one now,

and shows that Smith was a very accurate and observant man. Smith's map and the description of the new country caused much interest in England. The king gave the London Company a new charter and more territory, and nine ships with five hundred settlers and supplies of all sorts sailed from England. One of the ships was wrecked on the Bermuda Islands, and the rest had a hard time getting to Jamestown. Not long after this Captain Smith was so horribly burned by the explosion 609 of some gunpowder that he was obliged to go back to England. He never returned to Virginia.

13. Pocahontas.-Pocahontas had nothing to do with the white people for some time after Captain John Smith left Virginia. She was captured and taken as a prisoner to Jamestown. Soon after, she became a Christian, and was baptized and given the name Rebecca. She afterwards married one of the settlersMr. John Rolfe-who took her to London. The king and queen and the people of London took much notice of her. You may see in the State Library, in Richmond, Virginia, a portrait copied from one taken of “The Lady Rebecca" when she was in London. Queen Victoria sent the portrait to the State of Virginia. Pocahontas died near London, leaving one little son. The marriage of their princess with an Englishman caused peace between the Indians and the white men as long as old King Powhatan lived.

QUESTIONS.-1. Give an account of the adventures of John Smith. 2. With which Company did he come to America? 3. What did Smith find while exploring James river? 4. What king lived at this town? 5. What city now stands there? 6. How did the Indians treat Smith and his men? 7. What happened at Jamestown while Smith was away? 8. How were the

Indians prevented from killing all the people? 9. What troubles arose in the colony? 10. How did Smith help the colonists? 11. Who captured Smith? 12. To whom was he carried? 13. What order did Powhatan give? 14. Tell the story of Pocahontas. 15. When Smith returned to Jamestown what did he set the people to doing? 16. What trouble fell upon Jamestown in 1608? 17. What did Smith do then? 18. What was the effect upon the colonists when they thought they had found gold? 19. What map did Smith make? 20. What effect did this map produce in England? 21. What happened to John Smith and where did he go? 22. Whom did Pocahontas marry? 23. Where did John Rolfe carry Pocahontas? 24. Where did Pocahontas die? 25. How many children did she leave? 26. What made peace between the Indians and the English? 27. How long did this peace last?

CHAPTER VIII.

MORE ABOUT VIRGINIA.

1. Lord Delaware.-When Smith left, there were at Jamestown nearly five hundred settlers, with a plenty of provisions and tools. But as soon as he was no longer there to manage and restrain them, the colonists gave themselves up to idleness and waste. The Indians murdered them, fevers destroyed them, and so many of them died for want of food, that this was spoken of as the "Starving Time." In less than a year all but sixty had perished. Everything looked so discouraging that all hands embarked and set sail for England. Near the mouth of the river they met some ships under Lord Delaware (Děl'ā wăre) with a fresh supply of settlers and 1610 provisions. They turned back and all came to Jamestown together, and there was never again any thought of giving up Virginia. The colony soon became strong and prosperous.

1611

2. Sir Thomas Dale.-In a few years, Sir Thomas Dale came to Virginia to take Lord Delaware's place as governor. Up to this time all the crops were worked and held in common. As a result, many lazy men would not work, as they knew that they would get their part any way. Dale changed this. He determined that

every man should work for his own living; and he gave

to each settler a small piece of land. What a man made on the land given him was his own. As the soil was fine for tobacco, the settlers began to raise a great deal of it to sell in England.

3. George Yeardley.-George Yeardley (Yärd'ly) 1618 was now sent over by the London Company as Governor of Virginia. He found the colony in a prosperous condition. The raising of tobacco had proved so profitable that nearly 4,000 people had come to Virginia.

These Virginians had been promised all the rights of Englishmen. The English had the right to make their own laws, so Yeardley decided to give the Virginians this right. In 1619, he sent word to each of the eleven 1619 settlements then in the colony to elect two men. Το these twenty-two men, he gave the right to make laws for the governing of the colony. These men met in Jamestown and formed the House of Burgesses, which is something like the Legislature of your State. This

Living Room-Showing Colonial Mantel.

was the first time in the history of this country that men, elected by the people, were given the right of making laws for the people.

4. Slaves and Wives for the Settlers.-While Yeardley was governor, two cargoes, of which I must tell you, were landed in Virginia. John Rolfe, the husband of Pocahontas, wrote: "About the last of August, came in a Dutch manne-of-war that sold us twenty negars." These negroes were the first slaves ever held by the English in America. The planters found them very useful in the cultivation of tobacco, At this time, all the

1619