four separate colonies in New England: (1) Massachusetts, which included Maine, (2) New Hampshire, (3) Connecticut, and (4) Rhode Island. New England, in spite of her many troubles, had grown rich and prosper1697 ous. At this time its population was about 100,000.

QUESTIONS.-1. Tell of the trouble the Pequots gave the colonists. 2. What colony joined Connecticut in the war against the Pequots? 3. Give an account of the destruction of the Pequot fort. 4. Why was the New England Confederation formed? 5. What colonies were united in it? 6. Why was not Rhode Island allowed to join it? 7. How long did it last? 8. Who were the Quakers? 9. What treatment did the Quakers receive from the Puritans? 10. Who took away from the Puritans the power to persecute the Quakers? 11. Who was called the Apostle to the Indians? 12. Tell of the work of John Eliot among the Indians. 13. How did the Indians regard the whites? 14. What war broke out in 1675? 15. Give an account of King Philip's war. 16. Who succeeded Charles II. on the throne of England? 17. Who was appointed governor of all New England? 18. What orders did James give to Governor Andros? 19. From what colony did Andros take its charter? 20. Give an account of his attempt to get the charter of Connecticut. 21. Tell how Andros treated the Puritans in Boston. 22. What was the result of his conduct? 23. Give an account of the Salem Witchcraft. 24. Mention the colonies that composed New England in 1692. 25. What was the condition of New England at that time?

GEOGRAPHY QUESTIONS

FOR CHAPTER XII.

Map of Middle Atlantic States-1. Where is St. Mary's? 2. Where is Annapolis? 3. What States touch Maryland?

CHAPTER XII.

MARYLAND.

1. Lord Baltimore. You have seen how New England was settled by people who could not have their

churches in England. The Catholics in England were
also not allowed to worship according to their belief.
There lived in England a good Catholic, Lord Balti-
more. He came to Virginia, but because he was a
Catholic they sent him back to England. Charles I.
then granted Lord Baltimore some territory, which was
named Maryland in honor of the queen. Lord Balti-
more was the proprietor, or owner.
He wanted this

land as a home for Catholics.

2. Settlement at St. Mary's.-Lord Baltimore died 1634 before he could carry out his plans, but his son sent over a colony. This colony set

come into the colony, and to have their own churches.

3. Trouble with William Claiborne.-According to the charter of the London Company, Maryland was a part of Virginia. A Virginian named Claiborne had occupied a part of Maryland, and did not want to give it up. Many Protestants had gone into Maryland. They joined Claiborne and overturned the government of Maryland. Soon, however, Claiborne and his followers were driven 1658 out, and the Catholics got back into power. They let the Protestants remain in Maryland.

4. Annapolis, the Capital.-You have learned that William and Mary made some changes in the government of Massachusetts. They also changed the government in Maryland, and made the English Church the established church. The Catholics were even perse1594 cuted. The capital was moved from St. Mary's and carried to Annapolis, which had been settled by Protestants. Maryland was at this time a flourishing colony. Fine tobacco grew in the colony, and many planters were making large fortunes by raising it. In 1700, there were about 30,000 persons in the colony.

QUESTIONS.-1. Who was Lord Baltimore? 2. What name did he give to the territory granted to him? 3. Where was the first colony in Maryland settled? 4. Who were allowed to come into the colony? 5. By whom was Maryland claimed? 6. Give some account of the trouble with William Claiborne. 7. Who changed the government in Maryland? 8. What was made the established church? 9. What was made the capital of Maryland? 10. What crop was largely raised in Maryland?

GEOGRAPHY QUESTIONS

FOR CHAPTER XIII.

Map of Europe-1. Where is Sweden? Map of United States2. What State touches Delaware on the north? 3. Where is the Delaware River? 4. Where is Philadelphia?

CHAPTER XIII.

DELAWARE AND PENNSYLVANIA.

1. Delaware.-Delaware was first settled by the 1638 Swedes, and it was called New Sweden. When Peter Stuyvesant was Governor of New Netherland (afterwards New York), he sent an army down to New Sweden 1655 and took possession of it. Soon after this, the English under the Duke of York captured New Netherland, as you have already learned. Delaware remained a part of New York until Penn came to America. Then the king joined it to Pennsylvania. It afterwards became a separate colony.

2. Charles II. and William Penn.-The King of Eng

William Penn.

land, Charles II., owed William Penn's
father a great deal of money; so he gave
William Penn a large tract of land west
of the Delaware River in payment of the
debt due his father, who was dead.
Penn wanted this land as a home for the
Quakers, who were badly treated in
England on account of their way of
worshipping God.

3. Quakers and Pennsylvania.-In 1682, about 2,000 of these Quakers came over to settle on Penn's land,

1701

which was called Pennsylvania (meaning Penn's Woods) 1682 in honor of his father. They settled along the Delaware River. Some of them lived in rude huts, and others, in caves dug in the hillsides. The next year Penn himself came over with some more settlers, and laid out a town 1683 which he called Philadelphia.

4. Penn and the Indians.—Although the king had given Penn this land, Penn thought that he ought to buy it from the Indians. He, therefore, asked the Indians to meet him. The meeting took place under a great elr tree where Penn's monument now stands in Philadelphia. He paid the Indians for the land and told them that the white men had come to live with them as brothers, in peace and friendship. The red men were very much pleased with the kind words of their "white brother," and Penn smoked the "pipe of peace with them. When he gave them presents, they were filled with joy and promised to "live in love with the children. of William Penn as long as the sun and moon shall shine."

5. Government of Pennsylvania.-Instead of ruling the colony as he had a right to do, he called a meeting of the people and gave them permission to make their own laws. He only kept the right to appoint the governor of the colony. His heirs continued to exercise this right until the Revolutionary War. Under Penn's wise rule the colony grew and prospered. In a few years Philadelphia became one of the largest cities in any of the colonies. Although Penn was a Quaker, everybody was allowed to worship God as he chose.

QUESTIONS.-1. By whom was Delaware settled? 2. What name was given to it? 3. What Dutch governor took possession of