DEDUCTIONS. See Taxation, 3–4.

DEFENSE BASES ACT. See Admiralty, 1.

DENATURALIZATION. See Citizenship, 1-4; Constitutional
Law, I, 1-2; V, 1.

DEPORTATION. See Aliens, 1-2; Constitutional Law, I, 1–2.

DESERTION. See Constitutional Law, I, 2.

DISABILITY. See Workmen's Compensation.

DISCOVERY. See Procedure, 8.

DISCRIMINATION. See Antitrust Acts; Constitutional Law, II;
Federal Maritime Board; Interstate Commerce Commission, 2;
Packers and Stockyards Act.

DIVERSITY CITIZENSHIP. See Procedure, 9.

DIVORCE. See Constitutional Law, VI.

DOUBLE JEOPARDY. See Constitutional Law, IV.

DUE PROCESS. See Constitutional Law, III.

EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY ACT. See also Admiralty, 1-2; Work-
men's Compensation.

1. Liability of employer-Injury caused by fault of others perform-
ing, under contract, operations of employer-When railroad employ-
ee's injury is caused by fault of others performing, under contract,
operational activities of his employer, such others are "agents" of the
employer within meaning of § 1 of Federal Employers' Liability Act.
Sinkler v. Missouri Pacific R. Co., p. 326.

2. Liability of employer-Question for jury-Sufficiency of evi-
dence. Ferguson v. St. Louis-S. F. R. Co., p. 41.

ENTRAPMENT. See Criminal Law, 2-3.

EQUAL PROTECTION OF LAWS. See Constitutional Law, II.
ESTATE TAXES. See Taxation, 5.

EVIDENCE. See also Admiralty, 1-2; Citizenship, 2-3; Constitu-
tional Law, III, 1, 3-4; V; Contempt, 1-2; Criminal Law, 2-3;
Employers' Liability Act, 2; Interstate Commerce Commission,
2; Procedure, 6, 8.

Sufficiency-Burden of proof-Nationality Act-Loss of citizenship
by service in foreign army.—When American birth proven, Govern-
ment has burden of proving voluntary act resulting in loss of citizen-
ship under § 401 (c) of Nationality Act of 1940; evidence not
sufficient to prove that service in Japanese Army was voluntary.
Nishikawa v. Dulles, p. 129.

EXCHANGE. See Taxation, 2.

EXPATRIATION. See Aliens, 1-2; Citizenship, 1-4; Constitu-
tional Law, I, 1–2.

EXPENSES. See Taxation, 3-4.

FALSE CLAIMS ACT.

1. Claims "against Government"-Commodity Credit Corp.-A
claim against the Commodity Credit Corporation is a claim "against
the Government of the United States," within meaning of civil
provisions of the False Claims Act. Rainwater v. United States, p.
590; United States v. McNinch, p. 595.

2. Claims "against Government"-Federal Housing Administra-
tion-Application for credit insurance.-A claim against the Federal
Housing Administration is a claim "against the Government of the
United States"; but a lending institution's application for credit
insurance is not a "claim," within the meaning of the civil provisions
of the False Claims Act. United States v. McNinch, p. 595.
FEDERAL EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY ACT. See Admiralty,
1-2; Employers' Liability Act, 1-2.

FEDERAL HOUSING ADMINISTRATION.
Act, 2.

FEDERAL MARITIME BOARD.

See False Claims

Shipping conference-Dual rate system-Stifling competition.—
Order approving dual-rate system of shipping conference designed to
stifle competition of independent carrier held unlawful under § 14
of Shipping Act of 1916. Federal Maritime Board v. Isbrandtsen
Co., p. 481.

FEDERAL RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE. See Procedure,
3-4, 8.

FEDERAL RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. See Proce-
dure, 7.

FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS. See Interstate Commerce Com-
mission, 1-2; Labor, 2-3; Procedure, 1, 9.

FIFTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, V, 1; Con-
tempt, 1.

FOREIGN RELATIONS. See Constitutional Law, I, 1.

FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, I, 1; II;
III, 1-4.

FRAUD. See Citizenship, 2-3; False Claims Act, 1-2.

FULL FAITH AND CREDIT. See Constitutional Law, VI.

FULL HEARING. See Packers and Stockyards Act.

GAMBLING. See Taxation, 3.

GOOD CAUSE. See Citizenship, 1-3.

GRAND JURIES. See Constitutional Law, II; Procedure, 8.

HABEAS CORPUS. See Constitutional Law, III, 3.

HEARING. See Packers and Stockyards Act.

HIGHWAYS. See Taxation, 4.

ILLINOIS. See Constitutional Law, III, 1.

IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY. See Aliens, 1-3; Citizen-

ship, 1-4; Constitutional Law, I, 1-2.

IMPOUNDED FUND. See Procedure, 2.

INCOME TAX. See Taxation, 1-4.

INDICTMENT. See Contempt, 2.

IN FORMA PAUPERIS. See Procedure, 7.

INFORMERS. See Criminal Law, 2-3.

INSURANCE. See False Claims Act, 2; Taxation, 5.

INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. See Taxation.

INTERNAL SECURITY ACT OF 1950. See Aliens, 2.

INTERSTATE COMMERCE. See Antitrust Acts; Interstate
Commerce Commission; Packers and Stockyards Act.

INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION.

1. Authority under § 5 (2) (a)-Approval of transfer of local busi-
ness to subsidiary-Purpose to escape state regulation.-Where inter-
state motor carrier proposed transfer of local business to wholly
owned new subsidiary, in order to escape state regulation, approval
was not within exclusive and plenary authority of I. C. C. under
§5 (2) (a) of Act. County of Marin v. United States, p. 412.

2. Increase in intrastate freight rates-Findings-Sufficiency of evi-
dence.-Order under § 13 (3) and (4) of Interstate Commerce Act,
granting general increase in intrastate freight rates, which had been
denied by State Commission, invalid because based on findings lack-
ing sufficient support in evidence. Public Service Comm'n of Utah.
v. United States, p. 421.

EXCHANGE. See Taxation, 2.

EXPATRIATION. See Aliens, 1–2; Citizenship, 1–4; Constitu-
tional Law, I, 1–2.

EXPENSES. See Taxation, 3-4.

FALSE CLAIMS ACT.

1. Claims "against Government"-Commodity Credit Corp.-A
claim against the Commodity Credit Corporation is a claim "against
the Government of the United States," within meaning of civil
provisions of the False Claims Act. Rainwater v. United States, p.
590; United States v. McNinch, p. 595.

2. Claims "against Government"-Federal Housing Administra-
tion-Application for credit insurance.—A claim against the Federal
Housing Administration is a claim "against the Government of the
United States"; but a lending institution's application for credit
insurance is not a "claim," within the meaning of the civil provisions
of the False Claims Act. United States v. McNinch, p. 595.
FEDERAL EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY ACT. See Admiralty,
1-2; Employers' Liability Act, 1-2.

FEDERAL HOUSING ADMINISTRATION. See False Claims
Act, 2.

FEDERAL MARITIME BOARD.

Shipping conference-Dual rate system-Stifling competition.-
Order approving dual-rate system of shipping conference designed to
stifle competition of independent carrier held unlawful under § 14
of Shipping Act of 1916. Federal Maritime Board v. Isbrandtsen
Co., p. 481.

FEDERAL RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE. See Procedure,
3-4, 8.

FEDERAL RULES OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. See Proce-
dure, 7.

FEDERAL-STATE RELATIONS. See Interstate Commerce Com-
mission, 1-2; Labor, 2-3; Procedure, 1, 9.

FIFTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, V, 1; Con-
tempt, 1.

FINAL JUDGMENT. See Procedure, 4.

FINES. See Taxation, 4.

FOREIGN RELATIONS. See Constitutional Law, I, 1.

FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT. See Constitutional Law, I, 1; II;
III, 1-4.

FRAUD. See Citizenship, 2-3; False Claims Act, 1-2.

FULL FAITH AND CREDIT. See Constitutional Law, VI.

FULL HEARING. See Packers and Stockyards Act.

GAMBLING. See Taxation, 3.

GOOD CAUSE. See Citizenship, 1-3.

GRAND JURIES. See Constitutional Law, II; Procedure, 8.

HABEAS CORPUS. See Constitutional Law, III, 3.

HEARING. See Packers and Stockyards Act.

HIGHWAYS. See Taxation, 4.

ILLINOIS. See Constitutional Law, III, 1.

IMMIGRATION AND NATIONALITY.

ship, 1-4; Constitutional Law, I, 1–2.

IMPOUNDED FUND. See Procedure, 2.
INCOME TAX. See Taxation, 1-4.

INDICTMENT. See Contempt, 2.

See Aliens, 1-3; Citizen-

IN FORMA PAUPERIS. See Procedure, 7.

INFORMERS. See Criminal Law, 2-3.

INSURANCE. See False Claims Act, 2; Taxation, 5.

INTERNAL REVENUE CODE. See Taxation.

INTERNAL SECURITY ACT OF 1950. See Aliens, 2.
INTERSTATE COMMERCE. See Antitrust Acts; Interstate
Commerce Commission; Packers and Stockyards Act.

INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION.

1. Authority under § 5 (2) (a)-Approval of transfer of local busi-
ness to subsidiary-Purpose to escape state regulation.-Where inter-
state motor carrier proposed transfer of local business to wholly
owned new subsidiary, in order to escape state regulation, approval
was not within exclusive and plenary authority of I. C. C. under
§5 (2) (a) of Act. County of Marin v. United States, p. 412.

2. Increase in intrastate freight rates-Findings-Sufficiency of evi-
dence.-Order under § 13 (3) and (4) of Interstate Commerce Act,
granting general increase in intrastate freight rates, which had been
denied by State Commission, invalid because based on findings lack-
ing sufficient support in evidence. Public Service Comm'n of Utah
v. United States, p. 421.

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