of the tribunal of the. trade) the following subject-matter, viz.: (Here state full, and clear the matter submitted), and we hereby agree that his decision and determination upon the same shall be binding upon us, and final, and conclusive upon the questions thus submitted, and we pledge ourselves to abide by, and carry out the decision of the umpire when made.

SEC. 13.

The umpire shall make his award in writing to the tribunal, stating distinctly his decision on the subject-matter submitted, and when the award is for a specific sum of money, the umpire shall forward a copy of the same to the clerk of the proper court. [Approved March 6, 1886.

PENNSYLVANIA.

An Act to establish boards of arbitration to settle all questions of wages and other matters of variance between capital and labor.

WHEREAS, The great industries of this Commonwealth are frequently suspended by strikes and lockouts resulting at times in criminal violation of the law and entailing upon the State vast expense to protect life and property and preserve the public peace:

And, whereas, No adequate means exist for the adjustment of these issues between capital and labor, employers and employés, upon an equitable basis where each party can meet together upon terms of equality to settle the rates of compensation for labor and establish rules and regulations for their branches of industry in harmony with law and a generous public sentiment: Therefore,

SECTION 1. Be it enacted, &c., That whenever any differences arise between employers and employés in the mining, manufacturing or transportation industries of the Commonwealth which cannot be mutually settled to the satisfaction of a majority of all parties concerned, it shall be lawful for either party, or for both parties jointly, to make application to the

court of common pleas wherein the service is to be performed about which the dispute has arisen to appoint and constitute a board of arbitration to consider, arrange and settle all matters at variance between them which must be fully set forth in the application, such application to be in writing and signed and duly acknowledged before a proper officer by the representatives of the persons employed as workmen, or by the representatives of a firm, individual or corporation, or by both, if the application is made jointly by the parties; such applicants to be citizens of the United States, and the said application shall be filed with the record of all proceedings had in consequence thereof among the records of said court.

SECTION 2. That when the application duly authenticated has been presented to the court of common pleas, as aforesaid, it shall be lawful for said court, if in its judgment the said application allege matters of sufficient importance to warrant the intervention of a board of arbitrators in order to preserve the public peace, or promote the interests and harmony of labor and capital, to grant a rule on each of the parties to the alleged controversy, where the application is made jointly, to select three citizens of the county of good character and familiar with all matters in dispute to serve as members of the said board of arbitration which shall consist of nine members all citizens of this Commonwealth; as soon as the said members are appointed by the respective parties to the issue, the court shall proceed at once to fill the board by the selection of three persons from the citizens of the county of well-known character for probity and general intelligence, and not directly connected with the interests of either party to the dispute, one of whom shall be designated by the said judge as president of the board of arbitration.

Where but one party makes application for the appointment of such board of arbitration the court shall give notice by order of court to both parties in interest, requiring them each to appoint three persons as members of said board within ten days thereafter, and in case either party refuse or neglects to make such appointment the court shall thereupon fill the board by the selection of six persons who, with the three named by the other party in the controversy, shall constitute said board of arbitration.

The said court shall also appoint one of the members thereof secretary to the said board, who shall also have a vote and

the same powers as any other member, and shall also designate the time and place of meeting of the said board. They shall also place before them copies of all papers and minutes of proceedings to the case or cases submitted.

SECTION 3. That when the board of arbitrators has been thus appointed and constituted, and each member has been sworn or affirmed and the papers have been submitted to them, they shall first carefully consider the records before them and then determine the rules to govern their proceedings; they shall sit with closed doors until their organization is consummated after which their proceedings shall be public. The president of the board shall have full authority to preserve order at the sessions and may summon or appoint officers to assist and in all ballotings he shall have a vote. It shall be lawful for him at the request of any two members of the board to send for persons, books and papers, and he shall have power to enforce their presence and to require them to testify in any matter before the board, and for any wilful failure to appear and testify before said board, when requested by the said board, the person or persons so offending shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof in the court of quarter sessions of the county where the offence is committed, shall be sentenced to pay a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars and imprisonment not exceeding thirty days, either or both, at the discretion of the court.

SECTION 4. That as soon as the board is organized the president shall announce that the sessions are opened and the variants may appear with their attorneys and counsel, if they so desire, and open their case, and in all proceedings the applicant shall stand as plaintiff, but when the application is jointly made, the employés shall stand as plaintiff in the case, each party in turn shall be allowed a full and impartial hearing and may examine experts and present models, drawings, statements and any proper matter bearing on the case, all of which shall be carefully considered by the said board in arriving at their conclusions, and the decision of the said board shall be final and conclusive of all matters brought before them for adjustment, and the said board of arbitration may adjourn from the place designated by the court for holding its sessions, when it deems it expedient to do so, to the place or places where the

dispute arises and hold sessions and personally examine the workings and matters at variance to assist their judgment.

SECTION 5. That the compensation of the members of the board of arbitration shall be as follows, to wit: each shall receive four dollars per diem and ten cents per mile both ways between their homes and the place of meeting by the nearest comfortable routes of travel to be paid out of the treasury of the county where the arbitration is held, and witnesses shall be allowed from the treasury of the said county the same fees now allowed by law for similar services.

SECTION 6. That the board of arbitrators shall duly execute their decision which shall be reached by a vote of a majority of all the members by having the names of those voting in the affirmative signed thereon and attested by the secretary, and their decisions, together with all the papers and minutes of their proceedings, shall be returned to and filed in the court aforesaid for safe keeping.

SECTION 7. All laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this act be and the same are hereby repealed. [Approved the 18th day of May, A.D. 1893.

TEXAS.

[CHAPTER 379.]

An Act to provide for the amicable adjustment of grievances and disputes that may arise between employers or receiver and employes, and to authorize the creation of a board of arbitration; to provide for compensation of said board, and to provide penalties for the violation hereof.

SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Texas: That whenever any grievance or dispute of any nature, growing out of the relation of employer and employes, shall arise or exist between employer and employes, it shall be lawful upon mutual consent of all parties, to submit all matters respecting such grievance or dispute in writing to a board of arbitrators to hear, adjudicate, and determine the same. Said board shall consist of five (5) persons. When the employes concerned in such grievance or dispute as the aforesaid are members in good standing of any labor organization which is

represented by one or more delegates in a central body, the said central body shall have power to designate two (2) of said arbitrators, and the employer shall have the power to designate two (2) others of said arbitrators, and the said four arbitrators shall designate a fifth person as arbitrator, who shall be chairman of the board. In case the employes concerned in any such grievance or dispute as aforesaid are members in good standing of a labor organization which is not represented in a central body, then the organization of which they are members shall designate two members of said board, and said board shall be organized as herein before provided; and in case the employes concerned in any such grievance or dispute as aforesaid are not members of any labor organization, then a majority of said employes, at a meeting duly held for that purpose, shall designate two arbitrators for said board, and said board shall be organized as hereinbefore provided: Provided, that when the two arbitrators selected by the respective parties to the controversy, the district judge of the district having jurisdiction of the subject matter shall, upon notice from either of said arbitrators that they have failed to agree upon the fifth arbitrator, appoint said fifth arbitrator.

SEC. 2. That any board as aforesaid selected may present a petition in writing to the district judge of the county where such grievance or dispute to be arbitrated may arise, signed by a majority of said board, setting forth in brief terms the facts showing their due and regular appointment, and the nature of the grievance or dispute between the parties to said arbitration, and praying the license or order of such judge establishing and approving of said board of arbitration. Upon the presentation of said petition it shall be the duty of said judge, if it appear that all requirements of this act have been complied with, to make an order establishing such board of arbitration and referring the matters in dispute to it for hearing, adjudication and determination. The said petition and order, or a copy thereof, shall be filed in the office of the district clerk of the county in which the arbitration is sought.

SEC. 3. That when a controversy involves and affects the interests of two or more classes or grades of employes belonging to different labor organizations, or of individuals who are not members of a labor organization, then the two arbitrators