throughout the country. "A Home College Course," as one of them is called, has been designed to meet the wants of ambitious young people who have not had the advantages of a university training. This course will be conducted by a special faculty, composed of professors in the leading colleges. The studies have been most carefully chosen. Each will be treated in an interesting way, and helpful hints for outside reading freely given. "To the Young Man Beginning Business" is the second of these new departments. In it the most successful men in a dozen occupations will write about what helped them to the front in their own business, and give a list of books and magazines bearing upon it. Their purpose will be to tell the beginner how he can make himself more valuable to his employers. These new departments will begin early in January, and will be made a permanent feature of the Saturday-Evening Post. His Recompense. The following anecdote is found in the Medical Record: A popular physician was much pleased with a certain aërated water, and by his assiduous recommendation procured for it a celebrity it justly deserved. The doctor acted solely in the interests of humanity generally, and expected no return. To his surprise there came one morning an effusive letter from the company, stating that his recommendations had done them so much good that they "had ventured to send him a hundred-" Here the page came to an end. "This will never do," said the doctor. "It is very kind, but I couldn't think of accepting anything." Here he turned the page, and found the sentence ran "of our circulars for distribution." A Donation. The White Star Steamship Company has endowed the charities of Liverpool and Belfast to the extent of $100,000 in memory of the late Thomas Henry Ismay, founder of the line. The Macmillan Company. Among recent announcements of this well-known publishing firm are a second edition of Mrs. Alice Morse Earle's new book on "Old Time Gardens," and of Jacob Riis's new book, "The Making of an American." Seton-Thompson opens the December number of Bird-lore (Macmillan Company) with an article on "The Recognition-marks of Birds." Frank M. Chapman starts a series of popular papers for beginners, entitled "How to Name the Birds"; Tappan Adney writes of "Bird-life in the Klondike." Professor Kut An Interesting Visit. now, the distinguished chemist of Berlin, Germany, originator of the salts which bear his name, is visiting the United States. During his stay in Philadelphia he was introduced by the Editor of THE MEDICAL BULLETIN to the class of the Medico-Chirurgical College. By invitation he delivered in excellent English an instructive and suggestive address to the students, illustrating many of his points by apt and witty anecdotes. Mozart's Skull. The reputed skull of Mozart (the only known remains of the Mozart Museum at Salzburg, Austria. great composer) has been deposited in the Though his grave is unknown, the late Professor Hyrtl kept this skull in his home. That it is Mozart's skull was shown by the evidence of a grave-digger, an engraver, and Professor Hyrtl. German Hospital of Philadelphia.—Mr. Herman Hessenbruch has been unanimously elected president of the German Hospital in succession to the lamented John D. Lankenau. The International Monthly for December. "The Middle West," by Prof. Frederick J. Turner, of the University of Wisconsin, is a comprehensive study of the main features in the development of that vast area. Sereno E. Payne, of Auburn, N. Y., contributes an essay on "Tariff and the Trusts," which also has a distinctly | merely a bad habit, but was also a symptom home-flavor, and is thoroughly optimistic of local asphyxia of the extremities: that in its tone. Another valuable essay in this paper is "Gustave Flaubert," by M. Edouard Rod, one of the most eminent critics in the France of to-day. Gustave Flaubert's "Madame Bovary," in spite of its cynical realism, is in style and composition perhaps the most perfect novel that has ever been written. Prof. Dana C. Munro, of the University of Pennsylvania, concludes his historical sketch, "Christian and Infidel in the Holy Land"; Professor William A. Dunning, of Columbia University, contributes an important study, from the sources, of "The Political Theory of Machiavelli," the famous and enigmatical Florentine; Mr. Montgomery Schuyler, of New York, in "An American Dictionary of Architecture" offers a worthy tribute to the work of Mr. Russell Sturgis; and Poultney Bigelow writes on the patriot Johann Karl Bertram Stüve, who did and suffered so much for the cause of political freedom in Germany. Philadelphia Polyclinic Appointments.At the meeting of the Board of Trustees of the Philadelphia Polyclinic and College for Graduates in Medicine, held on October 29th, Dr. John H. Gibbon was elected Professor of Surgery, to succeed Dr. T. S. K. Morton, who was appointed emeritus professor in this department. Dr. Samuel McC. Hamill and Dr. James H. McKee were elected Professors of Diseases of Children. Two New Fellows in Pathology.-Dr. G. A. Charlton, of Montreal, and Dr. P. G. Wooley, of Johns Hopkins University, have been appointed fellows in pathology at McGill University. Both will assist Dr. Adami, Professor of Pathology; and their special work will be to discover means to combat the spread of infectious diseases. Nail-biting and Neurosis of the Skin.Some discussion has taken place in medical circles concerning a Continental professor's contention that biting the nails was not is to say, biting the nails was an outward and visible expression of certain pathological changes occurring in the body. This question has been once more brought forward, in the Meditzinskoje, Obozrenije, by Pospieloff, who holds that nail-biting is a result of a peculiar venous stasis in the ends of the fingers in people so affected, and the gnawing of the nails is only a means of relieving the numb and heavy feeling in the finger-tips. We are not convinced, however, that nail-biting is therefore to be regarded as a neurosis of the skin; but it is certainly worth noting, as Pospieloff points out, that intelligent persons who are addicted to this habit explain. that they are impelled thereto, especially when under the stress of emotion, by a | feeling of weight and fullness at the fingertips. It is further advanced in favor of this view that some medical students were observed to be addicted to the habit of biting their nails only when studying hard just before examination, and cases are also reported of patients suffering from Raynaud's disease who exhibited this peculiarity in common with their children, as in one instance where the habit obtained in a woman and in her ten children. All the phenomena in connection with Raynaud's disease have not yet been fully worked out, and until further advances have been made in this respect it would certainly be somewhat premature to dogmatize on a matter of this kind.-Cincinnati Lancet-Clinic. The Papyrus Ebers. We learn with interest that this ancient document, so important to the history of medicine and civilization, has been translated into English by Dr. Carl H. von Klein, of Chicago, a well-known Orientalist and author of the "Medicine of the Talmud." The Precancerous Stage of Cancer.Cancer of the Lip.-Leucoplakia of the mucous surface of the lip; fissure; syphilitic ulcer. parasitic tumor-growths in plants. They were large epithelium-like cells, usually showing two large nuclei and clear vacuolelike areas in the center of which was a point which took a bright-red stain. They were often found in the interior of lymphoid cells in lymph-glands in the neighborhood of a carcinomatous growth. When found free in exudates they showed distinct amoeboid movement, and their Cancer of the Tongue.-Abrasion by a rough tooth; ichthyosis, so called; traumatism; syphilitic ulcer. Cutaneous Cancer. Cutting of a wart by shaving; wound of skin by tooth of a comb; plaques of chronic eczema; psoriasis. Cancer of the Breast. - Eczema of the nipple; Paget's disease; fibroma; cystoma; cicatrix and induration from an acute mastitis. Cancer of the Uterus.-Laceration of the structure was that of amoebæ. Leyden becervix.-Medical Review of Reviews. Mollusca Contagiosa of the Penis.-At a meeting of the Manhattan Dermatological Society Dr. J. Oberndorfer showed a young man with multiple lesions limited to the penis. The location was interesting and rare. Dr. J. Sobel stated that the situation was In children the lesions often became infected, producing pustules. The condition is both auto- and hetero- inoculable. Dr. Bleiman has seen similar cases in children in combination with involvement of other parts: face, chin, and body. Dr. L. Weiss stated that, as a rule, other parts of the body are affected. Dr. Gottheil observed one case in which multiple mollusca occurred on the penis and scrotum.-Medical Record. Parasites in Cancer. Leyden observed some years ago peculiar bodies in the fluid removed from the peritoneal cavity of a patient who was at that time thought to have carcinoma. The autopsy ultimately confirmed the diagnosis. The same bodies were afterward found in the fluid from cases of carcinoma of the pleura, from fluid obtained by direct aspiration of a malignant growth, and they were also found in smear preparations from the cut-surfaces of numerous freshly-removed carcinomata. Cultures were also obtained on fuscus crispus after six or eight days, but nothing was learned from them. The bodies closely resembled those described by the botanists, Woronin and Nawaschin, as the cause of lieves that carcinoma is probably due to a protozoan infection-and these bodies are concerning their relation to the etiology probably protozoa. Further statements of carcinoma he is apparently unwilling to make. Philadelphia Medical Journal. The Military Tract Medical Association of Illinois.-At the annual meeting of this society the following officers were elected for the coming year: President, R. A. Kerr, of Peoria; first vice-president, G. E. Luster, of Galesburg; second vice-president, J. E. Coleman, of Canton; secretary and treasurer, C. B. Horrell, of Galesburg. Intestinal Cancer in Childhood.-Zupper gives a careful review of the literature and reports a case. A girl, 12 years of age, was brought to the hospital complaining of colic and sharp pain on movement of the bowels. The child was perfectly well until three months before. Blood had been observed in stools, and the pain attending defecation had been intense. The father and mother were healthy, and there was no history of cancer in the family. The child was well nourished and developed. Appetite good. Heart and lungs normal. Physical examination of the abdomen was negative, as was a digital examination of the rectum. A small anal fissure was detected, which yielded readily to treatment. short time before the child died a tumor was palpable in the left hypogastrium. The autopsy disclosed an ulcerative carcinoma of the sigmoid flexure, with stricture. There were metastatic growths on the liver, peritoneum, omentum, and retro A peritoneal lymph-glands. The microscop-parently benign nature of this trouble, the autopsy, which was performed two months after the onset of the hepatic symptoms, revealed extensive changes in the gastric mucosa. There was evidence of gastritis and even to the naked eye numerous small cicatrized ulcerations were visible, while in these spots the normal glandular structure was entirely replaced by connective tissue. The liver was greatly altered, and large yellow patches were found imbedded in a tissue of a grayish-red color, which did not resemble liver-structure. The author believes that a more direct connection is possible between gastric disease and cirrhosis than is generally believed, and cites some experiments on animals which appear to support this view.-Medical Record. ical examination of the growth showed a typical cylinder-cell carcinoma. From a From a large number of statistics he concludes that out of 1000 cases of carcinoma there will be 1 in childhood. The favorite location in children is in the intestinal tract, and the writer gives a brief epitome of 10 authenticated cases besides his own. Of these 1 involved the small intestine and 10 the colon. It is interesting to note that in sarcoma in children there is seldom any involvement of the large intestine. Most of the cases occurred shortly before puberty and were more frequent in boys. The symptomatology is vague. A well-marked cachexia is never present. A more or less anæmic condition may ensue, but the child can remain well nourished until the end of a Tooth.-W. C. Pudham reports the Curious Symptoms After the Extraction from a fractured tooth. The fracture had case of a man, aged 30 years, who suffered been done a week previously, and in the and the true condition be not recognized until the autopsy. The local symptoms, as a rule, appear only a short time before death. Carcinoma appears to find in the youthful organism conditions favorable for rapid growth. Nothnagel has reckoned that the prognosis in adults without operative help is from one-half to two years. Zupper places one-half year as the extreme limit in children. Czerny has operated twice in children for rectal carcinoma ated twice in children for rectal carcinoma and in one case there was a relapse in less than four months. Operative procedure is not recommended on account of the metas-peared to be quite well. Within five mintasis, which occurs so readily in children.Albany Medical Annals. Dr. Louis Leroy. Louis Leroy, B.S., M.D., has been appointed State Bacteriologist of Tennessee, and has removed to Nashville. interval the man had suffered extreme pain. The roots of the first molar on the left side were removed without difficulty, the patient, however, immediately subsequently to the operation complaining of great pain. This was almost immediately relieved by the application of hot water to relieved by the application of hot water to the gums, and at this point the patient ap utes of the extraction he complained of severe "pins and needles" in the legs and arms, became rigid and quite cold, with a bad color, hurried respirations, dilated pupils, strong contractions of the muscles of the arm and forearm, flexure of the fingers, and considerable adduction of the thumbs. The teeth were clenched, but the patient was able to answer questions with some difficulty, and he remained conscious during the whole attack, which lasted for about half an hour.-Medical Record. An Unusual Type of Cirrhosis of the Liver.-L. Jones reports a case of this lesion in which both syphilis and alcoholism were absent from the past history. Eleven years previously the patient had suffered from some gastric affection which The Contagiousness of Nodular Eryhe described as having been of short dura- thema.-Moussous reports a case of nodution and from which he experienced no lar erythema with fever which persisted further trouble. Notwithstanding the ap- | after the eruption had disappeared. The child left the hospital well, a month after | elected to a corresponding membership of admission. After this child had been in the Epidemiological Society of London, the ward ten days, another girl developed and also to a similar position to the Berlin fever, followed by the appearance of nodu- Society for Combating Tuberculosis. lar erythema. She also recovered without any complications. This was the second time that Moussous has seen a child, who has been long in a ward, develop nodular erythema from another who had just come into the hospital. He reviews the literature, finding other apparent instances of the contagiousness of nodular erythema. Though unable to explain it, Moussous believes that it must not be forgotten. Philadelphia Medical Journal. The Diprogonopolos Grandis: a New Tape-worm.-J. Kurimoto describes a tapeworm which is larger than the tænia solium or the mediocanellata, being about ten and a half centimeters broad and ten meters long. Its uteri are in two sets parallel to each other; the breadth of the individual joint far exceeds its length. There are deep furrows on both its dorsal and abdominal surfaces, and its ovum differs in shape from that of other tape-worms. In the ordinary tape-worm new segments are produced by the head, the segments at the distal point being the most mature, but in the new variety each segment divides, and the old and the young alternate. The symptoms caused do not differ from those due to the common species, except in being more intense. Treatment is the same.Medical Record. Philadelphia County Medical Society. The following have been elected officers for the following year: President, Dr. T. H. Fenton; first vice-president, Dr. F. W. Perkins; second vice-president, Dr. J. Chalmers Da Costa; secretary, Dr. E. R. Kirby; assistant secretary, Dr. W. S. Ray; treasurer, Dr. Bower. Dr. E. A. de Schweinitz.-Dr. E. A. de Schweinitz, Dean of the Columbian University Medical School and Director of the Biochemical Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, was recently Craig Colony Prize. We learn from the New York Medical Journal that at a meet ing of the Board of Managers of Craig Colony, recently held at Sonyea, N. Y., the report of the Prize Committee, consisting of Dr. G. W. Jacoby, Dr. Pearce Bailey, and Dr. Ira Van Gieson, was approved, and the prize of $200 was awarded to Prof. Carlo Ceni, of Pavia, Italy. The successful essay, the title of which is "Serotherapy in Epilepsy," will shortly be published. The prize is again offered for universal competition. The Southern Colorado Medical Associa tion. At the first annual meeting of this newly-organized society the following officers were elected: President, William A. Campbell, of Colorado Springs; first vicepresident, Robert J. Pease, of Cañon City; second vice-president, Benjamin F. Cunningham, of Cripple Creek; secretary, Cyrus F. Taylor, of Pueblo; treasurer, J. A. Blunt, of Pueblo. A Post-graduate Medical School for Milwaukee.-Articles of incorporation were filed with the register of deeds of the Milwaukee Post-graduate Medical School and Polyclinic, with a capital stock of $25,000. The incorporators are Dr. William H. Earles, Dr. Walter H. Nielson, and Dr. Warren B. Hill. This will be a new department to be added to the Milwaukee Medical School. Psoriasis Secondary to Tattooing.—Professor Bettmann records the use of a previously healthy man who had never suffered from any skin disease, who developed a typical psoriasis two weeks after an extensive tattooing on the forearm. The lesions first appeared about the site of the tattooing, and subsequently spread over the entire body.-Philadelphia Medical Journal. |