1824. vention, the ships of both powers, or which belong to their April 17 (5.) citizens or subjects, respectively, may reciprocally frequent, without any hindrance whatever, the interior seas, gulfs, harbours, and creeks, upon the coast mentioned in the preceding article, for the purpose of fishing and trading with the natives of the country. for 10 years for fishing & trade. Articles always excepted from this trade. Ratifications to ten months. ART. 5. All spirituous liquors, fire-arms, other arms, powder, and munitions of war of every kind, are always excepted from this same commerce permitted by the preceding article; and the two powers engage, reciprocally, neither to sell, or suffer them to be sold to the natives, by their respective citizens and subjects, nor by any person who may be under their authority. It is likewise stipulated that this restriction shall never afford a pretext, nor be advanced in any case, to authorize either search or detention of the vessels, seizure of the merchandise, or, in fine, any measures of constraint whatever towards the merchants or the crews who may carry on this commerce; the high contracting powers reciprocally reserving to themselves to determine upon the penalties to be incurred, and to inflict the punishments in case of the contravention of this article, by their respective citizens or subjects. ART. 6. When this convention shall have been duly ratibe exchanged in fied by the president of the United States, with the advice and consent of the senate on the one part, and on the other by his majesty the emperor of all the Russias, the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington in the space of ten months from the date below, or sooner, if possible. In faith whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed this convention, and thereto affixed the seals of their arms. Done at St. Petersburg, the 17 (5) April of the year of grace one thousand eight hundred and twenty-four. HENRY MIDDLETON. [L. S. Le Comté CHARLES NESSELRODE, [L. S. PIERRE DE POLETICA. [L. S.] [NOTE.-Ratifications exchanged at Washington on the eleventh of January, 1825. On the part of the United States, "fishing and trading with the natives," on the coast of the South Sea, "to the north of 54 deg. 40 minutes north latitude-and on the part of Russia, south of the same parallel-restricted to ten years; consequently this treaty stipulation expires in 1834.] 1824. vention, les vaisseaux de deux puissances, ou qui appartiendroient à leurs citoyens ou sujets respectifs, pourront recipro- April 17 (5.) quement fréquenter, sans entrave quelconque, les mers intérieurs, les golfes, hâvres, et criques sur la côte mentionée dans l'article précédent, afin d'y faire la pêche et le commerce avec les naturels du pays. ART. 5. Sont toutefois exceptées de ce même commerce accordé par l'article précédent, toutes les liqueurs spiritueuses, les armes à feu, armes blanches, poudre, et munitions de guerre de toute espèce, que les deux puissances s'engagent reciproquement à ne pas vendre, ni laisser vendre aux Indigènes par leur citoyens et sujets respectifs, ni par aucun individu qui se trouveroit sous leur autorité. Il est également stipulé que cette restriction ne pourra jamais servir de pretexte, ni être alleguée dans aucun cas, pour autoriser soit la visite ou la détention des vaisseaux, soit la saisie de la marchandise, soit enfin des mesures quelconques de contrainte envers les armateurs ou les équipages qui feroient ce commerce; les hautes puissances contractantes s'étant réciproquement reservé de statuer sur les peines à encourir, et d'infliger les amendes encourues en cas de contravention à cet article, par leurs citoyens ou sujets respectifs. ART. 6. Lorsque cette convention aura été duement ratifiée par le président des Etats Unis de l'avis et du consentement du sénat, d'une part, et de l'autre par sa Majesté l'Empereur de toutes les Russies, les ratifications en seront échangées à Washington dans le délai de dix mois de la date ci-dessous ou plutôt si faire se peut. En foi de quoi les plénipotentiaires respectifs l'ont signée, et y ont fait apposer les cachets de leurs armes. Fait à St. Pétersbourg le 17 (5) Avril de l'an de grâce mil huit cent vingt quatre. 1826. April 26. TREATIES WITH DENMARK. Peace, &c. Commerce and navigation. Navigation, equality, and reciprocity. No. 1.-General Convention of Friendship, Commerce, and Navigation, between the United States of America and his majesty the King of Denmark. The United States of America and his majesty the king of Denmark, being desirous to make firm and permanent the peace and friendship which happily prevail between the two nations, and to extend the commercial relations which subsist between their respective territories and people, have agreed to fix, in a manner clear and positive, the rules which shall in future be observed between the one and the other party, by means of a general convention of friendship, commerce, and navigation. With that object, the president of the United States of America has conferred full powers on Henry Clay, their secretary of state, and his majesty the King of Denmark, has conferred like powers on Peter Pedersen, his privy counsellor of legation, and minister resident near the said states, knight of the Dannebrog, who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found to be in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles: ART. 1. The contracting parties, desiring to live in peace and harmony with all the other nations of the earth, by means of a policy frank and equally friendly with all, engage, mutually, not to grant any particular favor to other nations, in respect of commerce and navigation, which shall not immediately become common to the other party, who shall enjoy the same freely, if the concession were freely made, or on allowing the same compensation, if the concession were condi tional. ART. 2. The contracting parties being likewise desirous of placing the commerce and navigation of their respective countries on the liberal basis of perfect equality and reciprocity, mutually agree that the citizens and subjects of each may frequent all the coasts and countries of the other, (with the exception hereafter provided for in the sixth article,) and re side and trade there in all kinds of produce, manufactures, and merchandise; and they shall enjoy all the rights, privileges, and exemptions, in navigation and commerce, which native citizens or subjects do, or shall enjoy, submitting themselves to the laws, decrees, and usages, there established, to which native citizens or subjects are subjected. But is understood that this article does not include the coasting trade of either country, the regulation of which is reserved by the parties, respectively, according to their own separate laws. 1826. April 26. ART. 3. They likewise agree that whatever kind of pro- Produce and manufactures, duce, manufacture, or merchandize, of any foreign country, reciprocal ducan be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the United ties, &c. States, in vessels belonging wholly to the citizens thereof, may be also imported in vessels wholly belonging to the subjects of Denmark; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel or her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And, in like manner, that whatever kind of produce, manufacture, or merchandize, of any foreign country, can be, from time to time, lawfully imported into the dominions of the King of Denmark, in the vesssels thereof, (with the exception hereafter mentioned in the sixth article,) may be also imported in the vessels of the United States; and that no higher or other duties upon the tonnage of the vessel or her cargo shall be levied and collected, whether the importation be made in vessels of the one country or of the other. And they further agree, that whatever may be lawfully exported or re-exported, from the one country in its own vessels, to any foreign country, may in like manner, be exported or reexported in the vessels of the other country. And the same bounties, duties and drawbacks, shall be allowed and collected whether such exportation or re-exportation be made in vessels of the United States or of Denmark. Nor shall higher or other charges of any kind be imposed in the ports of one party, or vessels of the other, than are, or shall be, payable in the same ports by native vessels. ART. 4. No higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the United States of any article, the produce or manufacture of the dominions of his majesty the king of Denmark; and no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the said dominions of any article, the produce or manufacture of the United States, than are, or shall be payable on the like articles, being the produce or manufacture of any other foreign country. Nor shall any higher or Reciprocal duties the basis of this treaty. 1826. April 26. Sound, or the Possessions excepted, in this convention. nations. other duties or charges be imposed in either of the two countries, on the exportation of any articles to the United States, or to the dominions of his majesty the king of Denmark, respectively, than such as are, or may be, payable on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country. Nor shall any prohibition be imposed on the exportation or importation of any articles, the produce or manufacture of the United States, or of the dominions of his majesty the king of Denmark, to, or from, the territories of the United States, or to or from the said dominions, which shall not equally ex nd to all other nations. ART. 5. Neither the vessels of the United States nor their cargoes shall, when they pass the Sound, or the Belts, pay higher or other duties than those which are or may be paid by the most favored nation. ART. 6. The present convention shall not apply to the northern possessions of his majesty the king of Denmark; that is to say, Iceland, the Ferroe Islands, and Greenland, nor to places situated beyond the Cape of Good Hope, the right to regulate the direct intercourse with which possessions and places is reserved by the parties respectively. And it is further agreed that this convention is not to extend to the direct trade between Denmark and the West India colonies of his Danish majesty, but in the intercourse with those colonies, it is agreed that whatever can be lawfully imported into or exported from the said colonies in vessels of one party from or to the ports of the United States, or from or to the ports of any other foreign country, may, in like manner, and with the same duties and charges, applicable to vessel and cargo, be imported into or exported from the said colonies in vessels of the other party. Both parties ART. 7. The United States and his Danish majesty mutually may dispose of their effects or agree, that no higher or other duties, charges, or taxes of any remove them kind, shall be levied in the territories or dominions of either on paying the usual duties of party, upon any personal property, money, or effects, of their their respective respective citizens or subjects, on the removal of the same from their territories or dominions reciprocally, either upon the inheritance of such property, money, or effects, or otherwise, than are or shall be payable in each state, upon the same, when removed by a citizen or subject of such state respectively. Consuls and ART. 8. To make more effectual the protection which the Vice Consuls. United States and his Danish Majesty shall afford, in future, to the navigation and commerce of their respective citizens |