1778.

February 6.

allowed into the

ports of each, to

either party.

ART. 17. It shall be lawful for the ships of war of either party, and privateers, freely to carry whithersoever they please the ships and goods taken from their enemies, without being Free entrance obliged to pay any duty to the officers of the admiralty or any other judges, nor shall such prizes be arrested or seized when prizes made by they come to, or enter the ports, of either party; nor shall the searchers or other officers of those places search the same, or make examination concerning the lawfulness of such prizes; but they may hoist sail at any time and depart and carry their prizes to the places expressed in their commissions, which the commanders of such ships of war shall be obliged to show: on The cruisers of the contrary, no shelter or refuge shall be given in their ports against one to such as shall have made prize of the subjects, people, or

an enemy

par

ty, not allowed

to remain in the property of either of the parties; but if such shall come in,

ports of the

other.

being forced by stress of weather, or the danger of the sea, all proper means shall be vigorously used, that they go out and retire from thence as soon as possible.

Relief, &c. to ART. 18. If any ship belonging to either of the parties, their be granted to the ship wreck. people, or subjects, shall, within the coasts or dominions of the ed vessels of other, stick upon the sands, or be wrecked, or suffer any other each party, by damage, all friendly assistance or relief shall be given to the

the o her.

Citizens of eith

in their shipping

manity, and

berality.

persons shipwrecked, or such as shall be in danger thereof. And letters of safe conduct shall likewise be given to them for their free and quiet passage from thence, and the return of every one to his own country.

ART. 19. In case the subjects and inhabitants of either party, er party, forced with their shipping, whether public and of war, or private and by necessity, to of merchants, be forced through stress of weather, pursuit of take refuge in the ports of the pirates, or enemies, or any other urgent necessity for seeking other, to be re- of shelter and harbor, to retreat and enter into any of the ceived with hurivers, bays, roads, or ports belonging to the other party, they treated with li- shall be received and treated with all humanity and kindness, and enjoy all friendly protection and help; and they shall be permitted to refresh and provide themselves, at reasonable rates, with victuals, and things needful for the sustenance of all their persons, or reparation of their ships, and conveniency of their voyage; and they shall no ways be detained or hindered from returning out of the said ports or roads, but may remove and depart when and whither they please, without any let or bindrance.

Six months al

ART. 20. For the better promoting of commerce on both lowed after the sides, it is agreed, that if a war shall break out between the war, for the re- said two nations, six months after the proclamation of war

declaration of

moval or sale of

1778.

ART. 17. Les vaisseaux de guerre de sa majesté très chrétienne et ceux des Etats Unis, de même que ceux que leurs February 6. sujets auront armés en guerre, pourront, en toute liberté, conduire où bon leur semblera les prises qu'ils auront faites sur leurs ennemis, sans être obligé à aucuns droits, soit des sieurs amiraux ou de l'amirauté ou d'aucuns autres, sans qu'aussi les dits vaisseaux ou les dites prises entrant dans les havres ou ports de sa majesté très chrétienne ou des dits Etats Unis puissent être arrètés ou saisis, ni que les officiers des lieux puissent prendre connoisance de la validité des dites prises, les quelles pourront sortir et être conduites franchement et en toute liberté aux lieux portés par les commissions dont les capitaines des dits vaisseaux seront obligés de faire apparoir. Et au contraire, ne sera donné asile ni retraite dans leurs ports ou havres à ceux qui auront fait des prises sur les sujets de sa majesté ou des dits Etats Unis; et s'ils sont forcés d'y entrer par tempête ou peril de la mer, on les fera sortir le plustôt qu'il sera possible.

ART. 18. Dans le cas où un vaisseau apartenant à l'un des deux états ou à leurs sujets, aura échoué, fait naufrage ou souffert quelqu' autre dommage sur les côtes ou sous la domination de l'une des deux parties, il sera donné toute aide et assistance amiable aux personnes naufragées ou qui se trouvent en danger, et il leur sera accordé des sauf conduits pour assurer leur passage et leur retour dans leur patrie.

ART. 19. Lorsque les sujets et habitans de l'une des deux parties avec leurs vaisseaux soit publics et de guerre, soit particuliers et marchands, seront forcés par une tempête, par la poursuite des pirates et des ennemis, ou par quelqu' autre necessité urgente, de chercher refuge et un abri, de se retirer et entrer dans quelqu'une des rivières, bayes, rades ou ports de l'une des deux parties, ils seront reçus ét traités avec humanité, et jouiront de toute amitié protection et assistance, et il leur sera permis de se pourvoir de rafraichissemens, de vivres, et de toutes choses nécessaires pour leur subsistance pour la reparation de leurs vaisseaux, et pour continuer leur voïage, le tout moïennant un prix raisonable, et ils ne seront retenus en aucune manière, ni empêchès de sortir des dits ports ou rades, mais pourront se retirer et partir quand, et comme il leur plaira, sans aucun obstacle ni empêchement.

ART. 20. Afin de promouvoir d'autant mieux le commerce de deux côtés, il est convenu que dans le cas où la guerre surviendroit entre les deux nations susdites, il sera accordé, six

1778.

shall be allowed to the merchants in the cities and towns where February 6. they live, for selling and transporting their goods and merchandises; and if any thing be taken from them, or any injury the property of be done them within that term, by either party, the people, or subjects of either, full satisfaction shall be made for the

the citizens of

either party.

The citizens of

hibited from

sions from a

third power to cruise against

each other.

same.

ART. 21. No subjects of the most christian king shall apply each party pro- for or take any commission, or letters of marque, for arming taking commis- any ship or ships to act as privateers against the said United States, or any of them, or against the subjects, people, or inhabitants of the said United States, or any of them, or against the property of any of the inhabitants of any of them, from any prince or state with which the said United States shall be at war; nor shall any citizen, subject, or inhabitant of the said United States, or any of them, apply for or take any commission or letters of marque for arming any ship or ships, to act as privateers against the subjects of the most christian king, or any of them, or the property of any of them, from any prince or state with which the said king shall be at war; and if any person of either nation shall take such commissions or letters of marque, he shall be punished as a pirate.

Privateers cruising under commissions from a third

power at enmi

to be allowed to

ART. 22. It shall not be lawful for any foreign privateers, not belonging to subjects of the most christian king nor citizens of the said United States, who have commissions from ty with one of any other prince or state in enmity with either nation, to fit the parties, not their ships in the ports of either the one or the other of the fit their ships or aforesaid parties, to sell what they have taken, or in any other sell their prizes, in the ports manner whatsoever to exchange their ships, merchandises, or any other lading; neither shall they be allowed even to purchase victuals, except such as shall be necessary for their going to the next port of that prince or state from which they have commissions.

of the U. S. or France.

Free trade allowed to one party with the enemy of the other, &c.

ART. 23. It shall be lawful for all and singular the subjects of the most christian king and the citizens, people, and inhabitants of the said United States, to sail with their ships with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandises laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are or hereafter shall be at enmity with the most christian king, or the United States. It shall likewise be lawful for the subjects and inhabitants aforesaid, to sail with the ships and merchandises aforementioned, and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens of those who are enemies

mois après la déclaration de guerre, aux marchands dans les villes et cités qu'ils habitent, pour rassembler et transporter les marchandises; et s'il en est enlevé quelque chose ou s'il leur a été fait quelqu' injure durant le terme prescrit cidessus, par l'une des deux parties, leurs peuples ou sujets, il leur sera donné à cet égard pleine et entière satisfaction.

ART. 21. Aucun sujet du roi très chrétien ne prendra de commission ou de lettres de marque pour armer quelque vaisseau ou vaisseaux à l'effet d'agir comme corsaires contre les dits Etats Unis ou quelques uns d'entr'eux, ou contre les sujets, peuples ou habitans d'iceux, ou contre leur propriéte ou celle des habitans d'aucun d'entr'eux, de quelque prince que ce soit avec lequel les dits Etats Unis seront en guerre. De même aucun citoïen, sujet, ou habitant des susdits Etats Unis et de quelqu'un d'entr'eux, ne demandera ni n'acceptera aucune commission ou lettres de marque pour armer quelque vaisseaux, ou vaisseaux pour courre sus aux sujets de sa majesté très chrétienne, ou quelques uns d'entre eux, ou leur propriété, de quelque prince ou état que ce soit avec qui sa dite majesté se trouvera en guerre; et si quelqu'un de l'une ou de l'autre nation prenoit de pareilles commissions ou lettres de marque il sera puni comme pirate.

ART. 22. Il ne sera permis à aucun corsaire étranger non apartenant à quelque sujet de sa majesté très chrétienne ou à un citoïen des dits Etats Unis lequel aura une commission de la part d'un prince ou d'une puissance en guerre avec l'une des deux nations, d'armer leurs vaisseaux dans les ports de Pune des deux parties ni d'y vendre les prises qu'il aura faites, ni décharger en autre manière quelconque les vaisseaux, marchandises ou aucune partie de leur cargaison; il ne sera même pas permis d'acheter d'autres vivres que ceux qui lui seront nécessaries pour se rendre dans le port le plus voi sin du prince ou de l'état dont il tient sa commission.

ART. 23. Il sera permis à tous et un chacun des sujets du roi très chrétien et aux citoïens, peuple et habitans des susdits Etats Unis, de naviguer avec leurs bâtimens avec toute liberté et sureté, sans qu'il puisse être fait d'exception à cet égard, à raison des propriétaires des marchandises chargées sur les dits bâtimens, venant de quelque port que ce soit et destines pour quelque place d'une puissance actuellement ennemie, ou qui pourra l'être. dans la suite de sa majesté très chrétienne ou des Etats Unis. Il sera permis également aux sujets et habitans susmentionnés de naviguer avec leurs vaisseaux et marchandises et de fréquenter avec la même liberté

1778. February 6.

1778. February 6.

of both or either party, without any opposition or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy aforementioned to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy, to another place belonging to an enemy, whether they be under the jurisdiction of the same prince, or Free ships to under several. And it is hereby stipulated, that free ships make freegoods contraband al- shall also give a freedom to goods, and that every thing shall ways excepted. be deemed to be free and exempt which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the subjects of either of the confederates, although the whole lading, or any other part thereof, should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed in like manner, that the same board free ships liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, soldiers excepted in the service with this effect, that although they be enemies to both or either of an enemy, to be protected. party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship, unless they are soldiers and in actual service of the enemies.

Persons on

Articles desig

nated which are

ed as contraband of war.

nated.

ART. 24. This liberty of navigation and commerce shall exto be consider tend to all kinds of merchandises, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband, and under this name of contraband, or prohibited goods, shall be comprehended arms, great guns, bombs with the fusees, and other things belonging to them, cannon ball, gun-powder, match, pikes, swords, lances, spears, halberds, mortars, petards, granades, salt-petre, muskets, musket ball, bucklers, helmets, breast plates, coats of mail, and the like kinds of arms, proper for arming soldiers, musket rests, belts, horses with their furniture, and all other warlike instruments whatever. These Goods not con- merchandises which follow, shall not be reckoned among contraband desig- traband or prohibited goods; that is to say, all sorts of cloths, and all other manufactures woven of any wool, flax, silk, cotton, or any other materials whatever, all kinds of wearing apparel, together with the species whereof they are used to be made, gold and silver, as well coined as uncoined, tin, iron, latten, copper, brass, coals; as also wheat and barley, and any other kind of corn and pulse; tobacco, and likewise all manner of spices; salted and smoked flesh, salted fish, cheese and butter, beer, oils, wines, sugars, and all sorts of salts; and in general all provisions which serve for the nourishment of mankind, and the sustenance of life; furthermore, all kinds of cotton, hemp, flax, tar, pitch, ropes, cables, sails, sail cloths, anchors, and any parts of anchors, also ships' masts, planks, boards and beams of what trees soever; and all other things