LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

PLATES.

I. A twelve-foot lignite seam near Williston, the lower portion not exposed, showing the Laramie clays with rows of concretions in the bare slopes above.

II. The Pembina Cement company's mill.

III. A map showing approximately the area in which lignite occurs in quantities sufficient to be of economic impor

IV.

tance.

A fossil tree trunk, standing where it grew, found twentyfive miles north of Sentinel Butte.

V. Sandstone at the top of Sentinel Butte.

VI. A cross-section of central Billings county through Medora and Sentinel Butte, somewhat generalized, showing the nature of the lignite seams.

VII. a. Bluffs on the Missouri three miles southeast of Williston

showing six coal seams.

b. A nearer view of the above showing the portion to the left only.

VIII. a. The Washburn mine at Wilton.

b. Miners' houses, forming a new town near Wilton.

IX. An eight-foot lignite seam near Medora, on the Little Mis

souri.

X. A coal seam two miles north of Medora, mined for local use. XI. Part of the twenty-five-foot lignite seam in Sentinel Butte. XII. A gulch in the Bad lands cutting rapidly in the wash filling an older gulch.

XIII. A ten-foot lignite seam on Coal canyon. The photograph shows nicely the topography of the country a few miles back from the Little Missouri thirty miles south of Medora.

XIV. A twenty-foot lignite seam outcropping in Township 133, Range 104, Section 20.

XV.

A fourteen-foot lignite seam near 777 ranch, on the Little Missouri. It extends from the water to the top of the hammer above the climber.

XVI. Part of an eleven-foot lignite seam near Coal Harbor,

McLean county.

XVII. The Satterlund mine in McLean county.

XVIII. A coulée a few miles north of Minot, showing slack heaps

from coal mines in the foreground.

XIX. The mine of the Mouse River Lignite and Clay company, at Burlington, near Minot.

PLATES

XX. Development work at the Dakota Lignite and Brick company near Burlington, August, 1902.

XXI.
XXII.

Tipples of the Smith-Kenmare mine.

Power house of the Electric mine at Kenmare.

XXIII. Part of an eleven-foot seam ten miles southwest of Velva. XXIV. Mine of the Consolidated Coal company at New Salem. XXV. The Wadeson mine at Sims.

XXVI. The Burton mine at Sims.

XXVII. The mine of the Consolidated Coal company at Lehigh.
XXVIII. Lignite near Lehigh.

XXIX. A fifteen-foot lignite seam on Green river, eight miles north of Dickinson.

XXX. Lignite in the pit of the Dickinson Fire Brick company. The upper clay is used for brick while the lignite is used for fuel in the kilns.

XXXI. Map of the Washburn mine.

XXXII. Structure of lignite, showing checking on drying.
XXXIII. A rotary pump on Green river, used in irrigation.

XXXIV. The valley of Green river, illustrating a common type of topography in the lignite area, and a valley of a small stream, capable of irrigation.

XXXV. The power house of the State university, illustrating forced draft appliance.

XXXVI. Hollow grates adapted to forced draft.

XXXVII. Irrigating a wheat field.

XXXVIII. Map of Devils lake drainage basin and Morainic ridges.
XXXIX. View of Devils lake.

FIGURES.

1. Diagram showing the arrangement sometimes found in Laramie clays.

2. Diagram of the lignite seams between Medora and Dickinson.

3.

4.

After Darton.

Section at the old Taylor mine near Williston.

A section showing the lignite seams in the bluffs at Medora.

5. Diagram showing a valley filled with wash which is being recut,

6.

exposing lignite seams.

Section at the 777 ranch on the Little Missouri.

7. Diagram showing a slip in lignite and clay at the Electric mine, Kenmare.

8. Section showing lignite and clay seam at the Mouse River Lignite and Clay company's mine at Burlington.

9. Diagram illustrating relation of lignite and quicksand seams at the mine of the Dakota Lignite and Brick company. It also shows the way in which the lignite seam is cut out by an old valley, a phenomenon observed a mile north of this mine, though not at this exact point.

10. Showing lignite seams at Elbowoods on the Indian reservation. 11. Section at the old Sims mine.

12.

Section at the Lehigh mine.

13. Diagram of the terraces on the Little Missouri. 14. Profile of North Dakota near the 48th parallel. Morainic Hills west of Devils lake.

15.

16. Valley of the Sheyenne river showing terraces. 17. Section showing water bearing strata.

18. Section of artesian well at Devils Lake.

19. Figure illustrating method of applying water. 20, Windmills and irrigation on the plains.

21. Plan for a well for domestic use.

MAPS

A map of Ward county illustrating its essential to pographic features.

A map of the Devils lake drainage basin and terminal moraines.