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2) As consisting of more than one person or thing; as, amant, they love; and then both subject and verb are said to be in the Plural Number. 14. Every verb consists of two parts, viz.:

1) The Root, or that part of the verb which re-
mains unchanged throughout the various
moods, tenses, numbers, and persons; as,
ăm in ămārĕ, ămă, ămăt, and ămābīt.

2) The Endings which are added to this root, to
form the moods, tenses, numbers, and persons;
thus, in the forms just noticed-viz., ǎmārě,
ǎmo, ămăt, and ămăbit-the endings are, ārě, Ŏ,
ăt, and abit.

15. Some verbs have the infinitive in are; as, ămārě, to love. These are said to be of

The First Conjugation.

16. In verbs of this conjugation,

1) The root is found by dropping the infinitive
ending ārè; as, ămārè; root, ăn

2) The third persons singular of the present, im-
perfect, and future tenses of the indicative are
formed by adding to this root the following
endings:

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Amarě, to love: root, ăm.

Present. Am-ăt, he, she, or it loves (or, is loving).

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2

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1. Laborat.t

2. Cantat. 3. Arat. 4. Arābat.

5. Amabat. 6. Vigilabat. 7. Vigilabit. 8. Cantabit. 9. Laborabit. 10. Vigilat. 11. Laborabat. 12. Amabit. 13. Amat. 14. Cantabat. 15. Arābit.

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*These Key-words, derived from the Latin, are introduced partly as a key or help to the learner, in fixing the meaning of the Latin, and partly as specimens of English derivatives of Latin origin.

The subject of each of these verbs may be, in English, either he, she, or it. The ending, at, shows the number and person of the subject, but not its gender (see Paradigm). When the subject is thus omitted in Latin, we can usually determine from the connection which subject to use, just as in English we determine the meaning of the pronoun they, which may represent either things or persons, and either males or females In these exercises the pupil may use he as the subject.

20. In English, the tenses, numbers, and persons of verbs are indicated by certain words or signs; as,

Present.

He loves,

Imperfect.
He was loving,

Future.

He will love.

In Latin, however, no such signs are used; but their place is supplied by the endings of the verb. Hence, in translating English into Latin, omit these signs and express the tense, number, and person of the verb by the proper endings; e. g.:

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(a) 1. Saltat. 2. Cantat. 3. Ambulat. 3. Ambulat. 4. Ambulabat. 5. Jurabat. 6. Vocabat. 7. Sperabat. 8. Sperabit. 9. Ambulabit. 10. Saltabit. 11. Jurat. 12. Cantabat. 13. Vocat. 14. Laborābat. 15. Jurābit.

(b) 1. He calls. 2. He is ploughing. 3. He hopes. 4. He swears. 5. He is laboring. 6. He was laboring. 7. He was walking. 8. He was dancing. 9. He was singing. 10. He was ploughing. 11. He will plough. 12. He will call. 13. He will swear. 14. He will hope. 15. He will labor. 16. He is walking. 17. He was hoping. 18. He will walk. 19. He dances. 20. He was fighting. 21. He will sing.

LESSON IV.

Verbs.-Second Conjugation.

22. SOME Verbs have the infinitive in ērě; as, mõnērě, to advise. These are said to be of

The Second Conjugation.

23. In verbs of this conjugation,

1) The root is found by dropping the infinitive ending ere; as, monērě; root, mon.

2) The third persons singular of the present, imperfect, and future tenses of the indicative are formed by adding to this root the following endings:

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Monērě, to advise: root, mon.

Present. Mon-ět, he, she, or it advises (is advising).

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13.

(a) 1. Ridet. 2. Docet. 3. Respondet. 4. Dolet. 5. Dolebat. 6. Nebat. 7. Flebat. 8. Manebat. 9. Mověbat. 10. Movēbit. 11. Dolēbit. 12. Docebit. Respondebit. 14. Ridēbit. 15. Movet. 17. Manēbit. 18. Flet. 19. Ridēbat.

16. Docebat. 20. Nebit.

21. Pugnat. 22. Manet. 23. Pugnabat. 24. Manēbat. 25. Pugnabit. 26. Manēbit. 27. Cantat. 28. Timet. 29. Saltabat. 30. Respondebat. 31. Ambu labit. 32. Timēbit. 33. Labōrat. 34. Movet. 35. Saltabat. 36. Docēbat. 37. Vocabit. 38. Dolēbit.

(b) 1. He remains. 2. He moves. 3. He weeps. 4. He spins. 5. He was spinning. 6. He was laughing. 7. He was teaching. 8. He was grieving. 9. He was answering. 10. He will answer. 11. He will weep. 12. He will remain. 13. He will spin. 14. He is laughing. 15. He was weeping. 16. He will teach. 17. He teaches. 18. He was moving. 19. He will laugh. 20. He dances. 21. He laughs. 22. He was calling. 23. He was weeping. 24. He walks. 25. He answers. 26. He was ploughing. 27. He was laughing. 28. He will sing. 29. He will move.

LESSON V.

Verbs.-Third Conjugation.

26. SOME verbs have the infinitive in ĕre; as, regere, These are said to be of

to rule.

The Third Conjugation.

27. In verbs of this conjugation,

1) The root is found by dropping the infinitive ending ĕre; as, regerě; root, reg.

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2) The third persons singular of the present, imperfect, and future tenses of the indicative are formed by adding to this root the following endings:

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