ABBEY, Henry, b. Rondout, N. Y., 1842. For some years a journalist in New York City, but after 1864 a merchant in his native town, and now residing at Kingston, N. Y. He has issued "May Dreams," 1862; "Ballads of Good Deeds," 1872; "The City of Success," 1883; complete "Poems," 1886, 2d edition, 1895.

ADAMS, John Quincy, b. Braintree, Mass., 1767; d. Washington, D. C., 1848. Sixth President of the United States. A volume of his quaint, old-fashioned verse, "Poems," appeared

in 1848.

ADAMS, Mary (Mathews) (Barnes), b. Brooklyn, N. Y., 18-. Educated at Packer Institute, and became the wife of Alfred S. Barnes, the publisher. Some years after his death married to Charles Kendall Adams, president of the University of Wisconsin. Her volume of poems, The Choir Visible," was published in 1897. (D. Redlands, Cal., 1902.)

ADAMS, Oscar Fay, b. Worcester, Mass., 18-. A lecturer to classes upon English literature and history and Gothic architecture. His standard "Dictionary of American Authors" was first published in 1884. It has been revised and much enlarged in recent editions. Among his other works are "Post-Laureate Idyls," 1886, and "The Archbishop's Unguarded Moment, and Other Stories," 1899.

ALBEE, John, b. Bellingham, Mass., 1833. Studied divinity at Harvard, but has been devoted to philosophy, nature study, literary and linguistic research. While pursuing these, he has otherwise divided his life between foreign travel and tillage of his ocean farm at New Castle, N. H., and his mountain farm near Chocorua in the same state. A lecturer before the Concord School of Philosophy and elsewhere, Author of "Literary Art," 1881; "Poems," 1883; "New Castle, Historic and Picturesque,' 1884; "Prose Idyls," 1892.

ALCOTT, Amos Bronson, philosopher, b. Wolcott, Conn., 1799; d. Boston, Mass., 1888. His early life was spent in teaching young children in his native State, and afterwards in

Boston, where he went to reside in 1828. His ideas being denounced as too advanced, he gave up his school and interested himself in the study of philosophy, at Concord, Mass., and in the upbuilding of various reforms. In 1848, after visiting England, he, with some English friends, made an unsuccessful attempt to establish a new community on a farm called "Fruitlands," near Harvard. He then began to instruct by means of more or less formal "conversations," held wherever there might be a demand for them. The friend and colleague of Emerson, and dean of the Concord School of Philosophy, and for many years the hierarch of our transcendental group of poets and illuminati. Contributed to

The Dial," 1839-42, and other periodicals. Published Conversations with Children on the Gospels," 1836; "Tablets," 1868; Concord Days," 1872; "Table Talk," 1877; "New Connecticut," 1881; "Sonnets and Canzonets," 1882. The last two volumes were edited by F. B. Sanborn.

ALCOTT, Louisa May, daughter of A. B. Alcott, b. Germantown, Penn., 1832; d. Boston, Mass., 1888. In 1840 her family removed to Concord, Mass., where she grew up under the influence of such men as Thoreau and her father. To assist her kindred, she tried one occupation after another, as her story "Work" and her 'Life, Letters, and Journals," edited by Ednah D. Cheney, show, but finally came into wide favor as a writer for the young. Her famous "Little Women," 1867-68, was followed by numerous stories of its class. The poem given in this volume appeared in The Atlantic Monthly," 1863.

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the revelation of a suffering but maturer and truer womanhood, are very touching.

ALDRICH, James, editor and writer, b. Mattituck, L, I., 1810; d. New York, N. Y., 1856. Founder of the Literary Gazette," N. Y., 1840, in which paper many of his poems appeared. His daughter, Mrs. Ely, issued a collection of his poems for private circulation,

1884.

ALDRICH, Thomas Bailey, b. Portsmouth, N. H., 11 Nov., 1836. Part of his childhood was spent in Louisiana. At the age of seventeen he went to New York, gained the friendship of N. P. Willis, and soon became a regular contributor to the "Mirror" and Home Journal." His Ballad of Babie Bell," printed in the N. Y. "Journal of Commerce," 1855, touched the popular heart. After some years of literary journalism in New York, where he was intimately associated with Bayard Taylor and the Stoddards, O'Brien, Winter, and the present annalist, and added the zest and wit of his brilliant companionship to the gatherings of the bright young writers cheerily struggling for subsistence and reputation in that unfriendly time, he removed to Boston, where he edited Every Saturday," 1865-74, and "The Atlantic Monthly," 1881-90. His first volume of verse was "The Bells," 1854. It was followed by "The Ballad of Babie Bell, and Other Poems," 1858; Pampinea, and Other Poems," 1861; "Cloth of Gold, and Other Poems," 1874; Flower and Thorn," 1876; "Friar Jerome's Beautiful Book,' 1881;"Mercedes, and Later Lyrics," 1884; Wyndham Towers," 1889

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The Sisters' Tragedy, and other Poems," 1891. In Complete Poems," 1882, and his "Household Edition," 1895, he brought together his metrical writings, but in 1898 gave a final revision to all of his poems which he wished to preserve, re-arranging them with great care and taste for publication in two volumes. In prose he has written: "Out of His Head, A Romance," 1862; "The Story of a Bad Boy," 1870; Marjorie Daw, and Other People," 1873; "Prudence Palfrey," 1874; "The Queen of Sheba," 1877; "The Stillwater Tragedy," 1880; etc. The play of Mercedes" was staged at Palmer's Theatre, 1893. Judith of Bethulia," a heroic drama, was played in Boston and New York, with Miss O'Neil in the titlerole, 1904. Cp." Poets of America," pp. 440, 462. (D. Boston, Mass., 19 Mar., 1907.)

ALLEN, Elizabeth Ann (Chase) (Akers), "Florence Percy," b. Strong, Me., 1832. Her first husband was the sculptor, Paul Akers, who died in 1861. In 1865 she was married to E. M. Allen of New York, and lives near that city. Among her writings are "Forest Buds," 1855;

The Silver Bridge, and Other Poems," 1866; "Poems," 1866; The High-Top Sweeting, and Other Poems," 1891; "The Proud Lady of Stavoren," 1898. Her authorship of the ballad "Rock me to Sleep, Mother is no longer questioned.

ALLSTON, Washington, artist, b. Waccamaw, near Georgetown, S. C., 1779; d. Cambridge, Mass., 1843. Scion of a distinguished South Carolina family, and closely associated with the beginnings of literature and art in America. Graduated at Harvard, 1800. Spent three years in London, a student at the Royal Academy, and studied afterward in Paris and Rome. Returned to America in 1809, and married a sister of the Rev. Dr. Channing. Went again, in 1811, to London, where his wife died; afterward, in 1830, married a sister of Richard H. Dana. From 1818 until his death was a resident of Boston and of Cambridge, Mass. Is best known as a painter, but made also impor tant contributions to the literature of his period. His writings are "The Sylphs of the Seasons, and Other Poems," 1813; Monaldi, a Tale," 1841; Lectures on Art, and Poems," published after his death, in 1850.

ANTROBUS, John, artist, b. Walsall, Staffordshire, England, 1831. Since 1849 he has lived in America; and, though for some time an art student in London and Paris, has usually made his home in Detroit, Mich. His own painting, "The Cowboy," suggested his poem of the same name.

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ARNOLD, George, journalist, b. New York City, 1834; d. Strawberry Farms, N. J., 1865. Studied painting, but adopted literature as his profession. Was a versatile writer for the magazines. His "McArone Papers menced in Vanity Fair" in 1860 and continued in that and other journals until his death. Two volumes of poems entitled " Drift: a Sea-Shore Idyl, and Other Poems," and "Poems Grave and Gay," were edited by William Winter and first published in 1866.

AURINGER, Obadiah Cyrus, clergyman, b. Glens Falls, N. Y., 1849. Studied under private tuition. Joined the U. S. Marine Corps, 1871, serving until 1875. He was occupied with agricultural pursuits, 1875-89. In 1890 he was ordained a Presbyterian minister, and became pastor of the Third Presbyterian Church of Troy, N. Y., at which town he still resides. His volumes of poems are "Scythe and Sword," 1887; "The Heart of the Golden Roan," 1891; Episode of Jane McCrae," 1893; and, with J. Oliver Smith, "The Christ," 1899.

AUTHOR UNFOUND. What is usually the fifth stanza of the old-time ballad "The Yankee Man-of-War" (still familiar to the officers and tars of the U. S. Navy) was omitted from the text on pp. 8, 9, because it was manifestly faulty and inaccurate in the only nautical ballad-book, at the present editor's com mand, which then contained it. A probably correct version has been found in Walsh's "Patriotic and Naval Songster," 1898, as follows:The nightly robes our good ship wore were her whole topsails three,

Her spanker and her standing jib- the courses being free,

The editor inserts the stanza here, regretting that it was not earlier available, but thinks that the ballad, as given in this Anthology, goes along quite as well without it.

BAKER, George Augustus, lawyer, b. New York, N. Y., 1849. Graduated at the City College of New York and from the Columbia University Law School. Author of several prose works, and of Point-Lace and Diamonds," verse, 1875.

BANGS, John Kendrick, b. Yonkers, N.Y., 1862. Graduated at Columbia. He was associate editor of "Life," 1884-88. He edited Harper's "Drawer," 1888-98, and Literature," 1899; at the close of which year he became editor of "Harper's Weekly.' Some of his many books are Coffee and Repartee," 1886; "A House Boat on the Styx,' 1896; "Cobwebs from a Library Corner," verse, 1899. BARKER, Edward D. His song "Go Sleep, Ma Honey," first appeared in the Chicago "Record," and was afterwards successfully set to music by Eugene Cowles.

BASHFORD, Herbert, librarian, b. Sioux City, Iowa, 1871. In 189 he became state librarian of Washington. Author of "Nature Stories of the Northwest," 189-, and "Songs from Puget Sea," 1898.

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BATES, Arlo, educator and novelist, b. East Machias, Me., 1850. Graduated from Bowdoin, and in 1880 became editor of the Boston "Sunday Courier." Was afterwards appointed professor of English literature in the Mass. Inst. of Technology. Among his poetical works are Berries of the Brier," 1886; "Sonnets in Shadow," 1887; A Poet and His Self," 1891; Told in the Gate," 1892; "The Torch-Bearers," 1894. His novels include: "The Pagans," 1884; "A Wheel of Fire," 1885; A Lad's Love," 1887; "The Philistines," 1888; 66 "The Puritans," 1898. His Lowell Institute lectures have been published .18 Talks on Writing English," 1896, and "Talks on the Study of Literature," 1897.

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BATES, Charlotte Fiske (Madame Rogé), b. New York, N. Y., 1838. Her life has been passed mostly in New York and in Cambridge, Mass. In 1891 she was married to M. Adolphe Rogé, who died in 1896. She was Longfellow's assistant in the compilation_of "Poems of Places," and editor of "The Cambridge Book of Poetry," 1882. Invented the "Longfellow Birthday Book," the pioneer of others of the kind. Author of "Risk, and Other Poems," 1879. (Her decease has been falsely reported in a biographical encyclopædia.)

BATES, Clara (Doty), b. Ann Arbor, Mich., 1838; d. Chicago, Ill., 1895. Was married, in 1869, to Morgan Bates, a publisher. Mrs. Bates has been chiefly known as a writer of juvenile verse and stories. Some of her publications

On

are "Blind Jakey," 1868; "Child Lore: its Classics, Traditions, and Jingles," 1880; the Way to Wonderland," 1884; From Heart's Content," verse, 1892.

BATES, Herbert, educator, b. Hyde Park, Mass., 1868. Graduated from Harvard University, class of 1890. Since 1897 Mr. Bates has held the position of head teacher of English in the Manual Training High School of Brooklyn, N. Y. Author of "Songs of Exile," 1896, and the editor of several classics for school use.

BATES, Katharine Lee, educator, b. Falmouth, Mass., 1859. Graduated at Wellesley College, where she became associate professor, and is now professor of English literature. Besides editing editions of various English classics, she has published, "The College Beautiful, and Other Poems," 1887; "Sunshine, and Other Verses for Children," 1890.

BEERS, Ethelinda (Eliot), "Ethel Lynn Beers," b. Goshen, N. Y., 1827; d. Orange, N. J., 1879. A descendant of John Eliot, the Indian missionary, to the spelling of whose surname Eliot "she and her family reverted, the spelling "Elliott" having been adopted by her immediate ancestors. The title-poem of her volume All Quiet Along the Potomac, and Other Poems," 1879, first appeared in "Harper's Weekly," Sept. 30, 1861, under the title "The Picket Guard.

BEERS, Henry Augustin, b. Buffalo, N. Y., 1847. Graduated at Yale, 1869, where he has been tutor, assistant professor, and, since 1880, professor of English literature. Author of "Odds and Ends," 1878; "Life of N. P. Willis," 1885; The Thankless Muse," verse, 1885; Outline Sketches of English and American Literature," 1886-87; " From Chaucer to Tennyson, 1890; "A Suburban Pastoral, and Other Tales," 1894; "The Ways of Yale," 1895; A History of English Romanticism in the Eighteenth Century," 1899; and editor of "A Century of American Literature," 1878; "Selections from Willis's Prose Writings,'

1885.

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BELL, Robert Mowry, physician, b. Chicago, Ill., 1860. Graduated at the University of Minnesota and the Harvard Medical School, and spent several years of study in Europe. Resided chiefly in Minneapolis, until in 1893 illhealth obliged him to give up practising and to remove to California. Is now studying in Germany with a view to work as an instructor. His verse, contributed to periodicals, is of an elevated order. "The Tutelage," it may be noted, is a fresh variant upon the shell-theme of Landor and Wordsworth, and an optimistic summing up of the questions involved. Cp. The Nature and Elements of Poetry," pp. 205-208.

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BENJAMIN, Park, journalist and lecturer, b. Demerara, British Guiana, 1809; d. New

York, N. Y., 1864. Editor of the "New England Magazine," 1835-37, when he transferred it to New York City as the American Monthly Magazine." He also assisted Greeley upon the "Tribune." In 1840 Mr. Benjamin established "Our New World." Of his many poems, which never have been collected, The Old Sexton" is a familiar example. It was recalled by the present editor too late for insertion with poems of its date.

BENNETT, Henry Holcomb, journalist, b. Chillicothe, O., 1863. A writer of stories of army and frontier life. Much of his time is devoted to the science of ornithology.

BENNETT, John, b. Chillicothe, O., 1865. A writer of romantic historical fiction and children's stories. The prose of his "Master Skylark," in which we have Warwickshire, and London, and Shakespeare's time, and glimpses of gentle Will himself, is in choice keeping with the songs detached from it for this Anthology.

BENSEL, James Berry, b. New York, N. Y., 1856; d. there, 1886. The greater portion of his life was passed at Lynn, Mass. Ill-health and inability to complete his literary work, which at one time showed great promise, saddened his last years. Author of King Kophetua's Wife," novel, 1883; "In the King's Garden, and other Poems," 1885.

BENTON, Joel, b. Amenia, N. Y., 1832. Editor for a while of the Amenia Times," and a frequent literary contributor to newspapers and magazines. Has published "Emerson as a Poet," 1883; "In the Poe Circle,"

1899.

BETHUNE, George Washington, b. New York, N. Y., 1805; d. Florence, Italy, 1862. Minister of note in the Dutch Reformed Church, Brooklyn, N. Y., and author of Lays of Love and Faith," 1848; "Orations and Discourses, " 1850. His edition of Walton's "The Compleat Angler " appeared in 1846.

BETTS, Craven Langstroth, b. St. John, New Brunswick, 1853. Of Loyalist descent. Was educated in his native city. Resided in New York after 1879, engaged in literary work.

Songs from Béranger," translations, 1888. "The Perfume Holder: a Persian Love Poem,' 1892; "Tales of a Garrison Town," with A. W. Eaton, 1892; "A Garland of Sonnets," 1899.

BIERCE, Ambrose, critic and journalist, b. Ohio, 1842, of New England parentage. He served as private and then as officer, through the Civil War. The remainder of his life, except a few years in England, has been passed chiefly in California, where he has written his pungent criticisms for the "Examiner" and other periodicals. Author of "Soldiers and Civilians; Can Such Things Be?" short stories; Black Beetles in Amber," satires in verse, 1892; and "Fantastic Fables."

BLAKE, Mary Elizabeth (McGrath), b. Dungarven, Ireland, 1840. Her family removed

BLOCK, Louis James, educator, b. 1851. His childhood was passed in St. Louis. A graduate of Washington University. For some years Mr. Block has resided in Chicago, and is principal of one of its high schools. Author of Exile, a Dramatic Episode," 1880; Dramatic Sketches and Poems," 1891; "The New World, with Other Verse," 1895; Capriccios," 1898.

BLOEDE, Gertrude, "Stuart Sterne," b. Dresden, Germany, 1845. Came to America in 1850; a resident of Brooklyn, N. Y., since 1861. She was an associate and protégé of Mr. and Mrs. Bayard Taylor, and the devoted friend of the poet Dorgan for some years preceding his death. Author of "Poems," 187; **Giorgio, and Other Poems," 1881; Beyond the Shadow," 1888; "Piero da Castiglione," 1890; "The Story of Two Lives," novel, 1891. (D. 1905.)

BLOOD, Henry Ames, b. Temple, N. H., 1838. Graduating at Dartmouth College, he afterwards taught for a number of years. At the beginning of President Lincoln's administration he became connected with the State Department at Washington, where he has per manently remained. Mr. Blood's quaint and original lyrics have not been collected. He is the author of several unpublished dramas.

BLOUNT, Edward Augustus, Jr., Columbia University, Class of 1895.

BOGART, Elizabeth, b. New York, N. Y., 180-. Daughter of the late Rev. D. S. Bogart. About 1825, Miss Bogart began to write, under the pseudonym "Estelle," for the Mirror." Her prose and verse have never been collected, though there is material sufficient for several volumes. Her poem "He Came too Late," a favorite and typical example of old-time lyrical sentiment, was remembered "too late" for insertion with verse of its day.

BOKER, George Henry, dramatist and diplomat, b. Philadelphia, Penn., 6 Oct., 1823; d. there, 2 Jan., 1890. Graduated at Princeton, and, after a period of travel in Europe, made his permanent home in Philadelphia. His first volume of verse, The Lesson of Life, and Other Poems," was issued in 1847. It was succeeded the following year by "Calaynos." a blank-verse tragedy, which was successfully produced in 1849 at a London theatre. "Francesca da Rimini" is now the best known of the metrical dramas which, with his miscellaneous poems, were published in two volumes, "Plays and Poems," 1856. Mr. Boker was secretary of the Union League of Philadelphia from 1861 to 1871, and was actively patriotic during the Civil War. "Poems of the War," containing some lyrics widely familiar, appeared in 1864. Later volumes are "Königsmark, and Other Poems," 1869; "The Book of the Dead," 1882; and

"Sonnets," 1886. He was U. S. minister to Turkey from 1871 to 1875, and to Russia from 1875 to 1879. Throughout his literary career he was closely associated with Bayard Taylor and R. H. Stoddard. To represent Boker with fairness, extracts should be given from the dramatic work to which he devoted his best powers, and for which the repeated success of "Calaynos " and "Francesca da Rimini" showed that he possessed both literary and practical equipments. The ballads, sonnets, etc., to which this Anthology is restricted, exhibit his lyrical strength and quality. Cp. "Poets of America," pp. 56, 404.

BOLTON, Sarah Knowles, b. Farmington, Conn., 1841. She was married to Charles E. Bolton, and removed with him to Cleveland, O. A fertile and excellent writer of books for the young. Author of "Girls Who Became Fa"Famous American Authors," 1886; 1887; Famous Types of Womanhood," 1892; "The Inevitable," poems, 1895.

BONER, John Henry, b. Salem, N. C., 1845. Edited papers in Salem and Asheville, N. C. Chief clerk of the N. C. House of Representatives, 1869-70. Entered the civil service at Washington, 1871; removed to New York in 1887, and was on the staffs of The Century Dictionary,' The New York World," "Literary Digest," and "A Library of American Literature." Published "Whispering Pines," poems, 1883. He afterwards returned to bureau work in Washington. D. 1903.

BOWDITCH, Nathaniel Ingersoll, lawyer, b. Salem, Mass., 1805; d. Boston, Mass., 1861. He entered Harvard at thirteen, graduated in 1822, and lived in Boston. His memoir of his father, the mathematician and astronomer, was published in 1839, in the same volume with a translation of Laplace's “Mécanique Céleste."

BOWKER, Richard Rogers, b. Salem, Mass., 1848. A graduate of the College of New York. He was literary editor of the N. Y. Evening Mail," and became editor and owner of "The Publishers' Weekly," an editor of the Library Journal," and compiler of the "American Catalogue," 2 vols. 1885. He has published: "Of Work and Wealth," 1883; "Copyright: its Law and its Literature," 1886, and various economic and political treatises. Secretary of the American Publishers' Copyright League and active in the movement for International Copyright, 1884-91.

BOYESEN, Hjalmar Hjorth, b. Fredericksvaern, Norway, 1848; d. New York City, 1895. He was graduated at the University of Christiana, and removed to Chicago, Ill., where he was associate editor of the Scandinavian paper "Fremad.' ." In 1872-74 he studied philology at Leipsic, Germany. In 1874 he became professor of German at Cornell, and in 1880 professor of Germanic languages at Columbia College. He published: "Gunnar, a Norse Romance, 1874; Goethe and Schiller, Their

Lives and Works," 1878; "Ilka on the Hill-Top, and other Stories," 1881, of which the title-story, dramatized as Alpine Roses," was produced in 1884; "Essays on Scandinavian Literature;"

Essays on German Literature; Idyls of Norway, and Other Poems," 1883; “Vagabond Tales," 1889; the "Norseland" series of books for boys, etc.

BOYLE, Sarah (Roberts), b. Portsmouth, N. H., 1812; d. New York, N. Y., 1869. Daughter of E. Q. Roberts of the diplomatic service. After her marriage to Dr. James Boyle she lived in New York City. Author of several favorite poems.

BRACKETT, Anna Callender, distinguished instructor, b. Boston, Mass., 18-. Educated in the schools of that city, and graduated from the State Normal School, Framingham, Mass., 1856, to which she returned as a teacher, remaining three years. For two years Miss Brackett was vice-principal of the Normal School in Charleston, S. C., resigning that position in 1861. One year's teaching in the High School, Cambridge, Mass., preceded her appointment as principal of the Normal School, St. Louis, Mo. She was the first woman to hold such a position. After teaching there nine years, she founded her well-known school for girls in New York City, which she conducted for twenty years. Miss Brackett is the author of many educational essays, sketches, stories, and poems, and was a scholarly writer for Professor W. T. Harris's "Journal of Speculative Philosophy. Her books are: "Education of

American Girls," 1874; "Poetry for Home and School," edited collection, 1876; "Philosophy of Education, Translation from Rosenkranz, 1886; Technique of Rest," 1892.

BRADLEY, Mrs. Mary Emily (Neeley), b. Easton, Md., 1835; d. Washington, D. C., 1898. She was married in New York City to George T. Bradley, and formed a friendship with R. H. Stoddard, who as editor of the "Aldine " encouraged her in verse-writing. She published "Hidden Sweetness," poems, 1886, and more than twenty stories for girls.

BRAINARD, John Gardiner Calkens, b. New London, Conn., 1796; d. 1828. Graduated at Yale; studied and practised law, but soon devoted himself to journalism. Wrote for the

Microscope," a New Haven paper; became editor of the "Connecticut Mirror," Hartford, Conn., 1822, which post he held until his health failed in 1827. Published his first volume of poems in 1825. Anew edition called "Literary Remains," with a sketch of the author by Whittier, was issued in 1832.

BRAINARD, Mary Gardiner, b. 18-. Daughter of a prominent lawyer of New London, Conn., and niece of the poet J. G. C. Brainard. "Not Knowing" appeared first in the "Congregationalist " in 1869. The editor of this Anthology was unable for years to discover the authorship of this womanly and touching expression of a faith that is its own beatitude.