theoretical. To each voluntary action of a rectus or oblique muscle, whether single or associated, the author assigns a separate cortical center; and the number of such cortical volitional centers is limited only by the number of such single or associated actions. In addition, there is a basal center for each ocular muscle, which basal center is, however, normally at rest, and is only a relay depot for the storage of reserve nerve force which may be called for, under certain conditions of imbalance, to stimulate a muscle to extra action to prevent diplopia. This arrangement of nerve centers, the author explains, is only schematic, and its evident intention is to render easier a subject heretofore somewhat ob

scure.

The work shows much study and a careful digestion of the known facts about ocular muscles, bringing the whole subject of heterophoria up to the most recent advances, to which advances the author has himself so liberally contributed. The style throughout is clear and direct, a feature that adds much to the value of the book. Altogether, it may fairly claim to be one of the best, as it is one of the most recent, contributions to the subject of the ocular muscles. HILLIARD WOOD.

PHYSICA L'DIAGNOSIS. BY RICHARD C. CABOT, M. D., Instructor in Medicine in Harvard University. Third edition; 8vo., cloth, 577 pp., with five plates and 240 figures in the text. 1905. New York: Wm. Wood & Co., Publishers.

This excellent work presents an account of the diagnostic methods and processes needed by competent practitioners of the present day. It differs from other books on the subject in that it makes no attempt to describe technical processes with which the author has no personal familiarity, and gives no space to the description of tests which he believes to be useless. The fault with many books for the student is in trying to cover too much ground, thus overburdening the mind; he needs only that kind of information that will be of material service. The author in his preface has the following:

"In the endeavor to further break down the false distinction between clinical diagnosis and laboratory diagnosis, I have de

scribed all the methods of getting at an organ-e. g., the kidneyin a single section. Palpation, thermometry, urinalysis, are different processes by which we may gather information about the kidney. The student should be accustomed to think of them and practice them in close sequence.

"For the same reasons the most important methods of investigating the stomach have been grouped together without any distinction of 'clinical' or 'laboratory' procedure.

THE NATIONAL STANDARD DISPENSATORY. BY HARE, CASPARI AND RUSBY. Lea Brothers & Co., Publishers, Philadelphia. Will be ready for sale September 1, the date when the new U. S. Pharmacopoeia goes into effect. By authority of the Convention it will contain every article in the new U. S. P., as well as the explanations and instructions necessary to understand and apply the brief statements to which the official guide is restricted.

"The National Standard Dispensatory" is a new work, a distinct improvement upon anything of the kind hitherto published. Its authors, Dr. H. A. Hare, of Philadelphia; Prof. Charles Caspari, Jr., of Baltimore; and Prof. H. H. Rusby, of New York, are all men of the highest eminence in their respective fields, and are all members of the Revision Committee of the U. S. P. They have carefully matured its plan so as to render maximum service to both professions it interests, namely, Pharmacy and Medicine. It not only covers the new U. S. P., as aforesaid (and the chief foreign pharmacopoeias as well), but the scarcely less important domain of the unofficial drugs and preparations so largely used. It offers full information regarding the pharmacognosy, the pharmacy and the medical action and uses of all substances used in pharmacy and medicine at the present day. Pharmaceutical methods and products are covered, with descriptions of the most approved apparatus and tests.

Dr. Hare has again justified his reputation for knowing what is wanted by giving a compact and direct presentation of modern therapeutics in the section dealing with that subject in the case of each drug. The Appendix contains useful tables, formulas, etc., for practical work. There are two indexes, the general, cov

ering all the names in the text, and so affording a guide to the drugs of the entire globe, and the therapeutic index, where, under each disease, are given all the drugs used in its treatment, with reference to the page where the conditions indicating a choice are found.

The work of the maximum utility is alone in the field.

CUNNINGHAM'S ANATOMY.-Messrs. William Wood & Company are pleased to announce a forthcoming new edition of Cunningham's Text-Book of Anatomy. During the two years of this book's existence, it has sprung into universal favor, and is now the standard text-book in a majority of the prominent medical schools of this country.

Cunningham's Anatomy is the most recent text-book on the subject, and from opinions given by the leading teachers in America, is undoubtedly the best work in the field. That this fact is realized is shown by the strenuous efforts which are being put forth by publishers of competing books, not only in revising their text-books, but in the revision, striving, so far as possible, to imitate the arrangement and style of Cunningham.

Their

Cunningham is unique in that it is a text-book of anatomy written by anatomists. The illustrations are new and original, having been drawn and engraved especially for the book. execution is beautiful, and being genuine hand engravings upon wood, they possess the artistic charms and graphic quality that no mechanical process can give. Many of them are in colors, in some cases five or six printings having been employed. In the second edition a large number of colored illustrations have been added and new drawings showing the insertions of the muscles.

WE HAVE YET to hear of a single case where Scott's Emulsion has caused any disarrangement of the digestive tract in a summer patient. Its use is productive of only the best results, summer or winter.

elections.

SOME NEGLECTED SYMPTOMS OF NON-SURGICAL GYNECOLOGY. It is but a lack of inquisitiveness on the part of the general practitioner that has brought about a condition of things in gynecological practice that warrants the assertion so often reiterated in current surgical literature, “Modern gynecology belongs, practically, to the field of operative surgery."

The successful physician, with a characteristic personality of inquisitiveness, can boldly refute such assertions, and substantiate his refutation by the thankfulness of a happy clientele of womankind released from a thraldom of suffering by his inquisitiveness.

Disease of the female organs of generation are more common than any but a physician can suppose, and surgical gynecology has become a necessity from an early neglect of backaches, spineaches, and headaches, followed by irregular, scanty, painful, delayed, or suppressed menstruation during girlhood. The inquisitive physician rushes not into instrumental interference, nor sends such patients to certain specialists for officious mutilation, but fires a volley of seek-farther questions at the patient, which elicit the information that such patient passed her days of approaching puberty in an overcrowded public school, or, worse, in a jail-like boarding school for young ladies, adding fuel to the fire of antagonism between brain and indigestible foods, the body growth lags behind, leaving the imprint of the unequal struggle on the reproductive organs.

With poorly established sexual functions and a perfect disregard for menstrual work, the undeveloped woman leaves school to plunge into a vortex of social dissipation, followed later by an assumption of wifely duties and responsibilities toward a husband who has seen only her bewitching face and not her frail body.

It is hard to fathom the reason why so many such wives at first tolerate marriage obligations and later resent and loath them when the poor, broken-down sexual system refuses longer

to continue functions for which it was made, but carelessly unfitted.

Is not such a condition a cause for dread of maternity on the part of the woman which often leads to criminal abortion, with all its attendant sequences?

To the inquisitiveness of the successful physician must be added a power of positiveness, wherein he may teach both the husband and the wife something they should know before their carelessness brings about these later conditions which require the necessity of mutilation.

The woman suffering from continued nervousness, weariness, wakefulness, headache, and backache, needs the services of a physician, and not a surgeon. Likewise such symptoms as scanty, painful, delayed, and suppressed menstruation should be under the care of a physician, and not an over-zealous surgeon. Prolapsus, leucorrhea, ulcerations, chronic inflammations, congestions, and enlargements are purely the outcome of neglect of just such symptoms as named. The first-named symptoms are but the assertions of nature that she is tired of the unequal load, and if not relieved she will resist no longer, come what will.

A judicious investigation of seemingly insignificant details and close application to the technique of examination in the early stages of such cases will reveal constipation, congested mucous lining of the vagina, and irritable bladder, with diffuse hyperemia of all pelvic structures and loss of organic or respiratory rhythm; that subtle thrill which extends over the whole body synchronous with the beating of the heart and motion of the lungs, plainly perceptible to the trained eye looking upon healthy pelvic viscera. Quick must be the relief of this engorgement, with its pernicious nutrition of the parts and concomitant accumulation of excrementitious matter.

First and foremost in the treatment of this condition comes the remedy of absolute rest to the parts, and then, but no less important, is the removal of improper dress and the re-establishment of abdominal breathing to restore proper circulation in the pelvic viscera. Treatment for the removal of constipation is self-suggestive; rest we can enjoin upon our patient, and abdomi