Principles of Political Economy with Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, 1875 - 591 pages |
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Page vi
... old controversy with the " Quarterly Review " on the condition of landed property in France , which had been subjoined as an Appendix , has been dispensed with . PRELIMINARY REMARKS CONTENTS . BOOK I. PRODUCTION . CHAPTER I. vi PREFACE .
... old controversy with the " Quarterly Review " on the condition of landed property in France , which had been subjoined as an Appendix , has been dispensed with . PRELIMINARY REMARKS CONTENTS . BOOK I. PRODUCTION . CHAPTER I. vi PREFACE .
Page x
... France CHAPTER VII . Continuation of the same subject . § 1. Influence of peasant properties in stimulating industry in training intelligence 2 . 3 . - in promoting forethought and self - control . 4. Their effect on population 5 . en ...
... France CHAPTER VII . Continuation of the same subject . § 1. Influence of peasant properties in stimulating industry in training intelligence 2 . 3 . - in promoting forethought and self - control . 4. Their effect on population 5 . en ...
Page 11
... of Italy and Flanders , the free cities of Germany , and some towns of France and England , contained a large and energetic population of arti- recurring famines so abundant in the early history of Europe PRELIMINARY REMARKS . 11.
... of Italy and Flanders , the free cities of Germany , and some towns of France and England , contained a large and energetic population of arti- recurring famines so abundant in the early history of Europe PRELIMINARY REMARKS . 11.
Page 12
... France , the bourgeoisie of the Conti- nent generally , are the descendants of this class . As these were a saving class , while the posterity of the feudal aristocracy were a squandering class , the former by degrees substituted them ...
... France , the bourgeoisie of the Conti- nent generally , are the descendants of this class . As these were a saving class , while the posterity of the feudal aristocracy were a squandering class , the former by degrees substituted them ...
Page 20
... France is only able to carry on the agriculture of the present year , because that of past years has provided , in those countries or somewhere else , sufficient food to sup port their agricultural population until the next harvest ...
... France is only able to carry on the agriculture of the present year , because that of past years has provided , in those countries or somewhere else , sufficient food to sup port their agricultural population until the next harvest ...
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Common terms and phrases
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Bank of England capitalist cause circulating capital cloth commodities competition condition consequence consumed corn cost of production crease cultivation currency dealers degree demand depend diminished duce duction effect employed employment enable England equal equivalent exchange exertion existing expense exports farmer farms favourable foreign France funds Germany greater human hundred quarters important improvement income increase industry interest labouring classes land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metals metayer mode modities nations natural necessary obtained operations paid payment peasant permanent persons political economy population portion possession present principle produce proportion proprietors purchase quantity quired rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving society soil sufficient sumers supply suppose things tion tivated trade unproductive value of money wages wealth whole
Popular passages
Page 81 - The habit of sauntering, and of indolent careless application, which is naturally, or rather necessarily, acquired by every country workman who is obliged to change his work and his tools every half hour, and to apply his hand in twenty different ways almost every day of his life, renders him almost always slothful and lazy, and incapable of any vigorous application, even on the most pressing occasions.
Page 487 - Fourthly, by subjecting the people to the frequent visits and the odious examination of the tax-gatherers, it may expose them to much unnecessary trouble, vexation, and oppression...
Page 174 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Page 80 - This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances; first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another ; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
Page 381 - Gold and silver having been chosen for the general medium of circulation, they are, by the competition of commerce, distributed in such proportions amongst the different countries of the world, as to accommodate themselves to the natural traffic which would take place if no such metals existed, and the trade between countries were purely a trade of barter.
Page 81 - A man commonly saunters a little in turning his hand from one sort of employment to another. When he first begins the new work, he is seldom very keen and hearty; his mind, as they say, does not go to it, and for some time he rather trifles than applies to good purpose.
Page 210 - With these limitations of the terms, wages not only depend upon the relative amount of capital and population, but cannot, under the rule of competition, be affected by anything else. Wages (meaning, of course, the general rate) cannot rise, but by an increase of the aggregate funds employed in hiring labourers, or a diminution in the number of the competitors for hire ; nor fall, except either by a diminution of the funds devoted to paying labour, or by an increase in the number of labourers to...
Page 131 - ... the largest portions to those who have never worked at all, the next largest to those whose work is almost nominal, and so in a descending scale, the remuneration dwindling as the work grows harder and more disagreeable, until the most fatiguing and exhausting bodily labour cannot count with certainty on being able to earn even the necessaries of life; if this or Communism were the alternative, all the difficulties, great or small, of Communism would be but as dust in the balance.
Page 487 - Thirdly, by the forfeitures and other penalties which those unfortunate individuals incur who attempt unsuccessfully to evade the tax, it may frequently ruin them, and thereby put an end to the benefit which the community might have received from the employment of their capitals.
Page 457 - A world from which solitude is extirpated, is a very poor ideal. Solitude, in the sense of being often alone, is essential to any depth of meditation or of character ; and solitude in the presence of natural beauty and grandeur, is the cradle of thoughts and aspirations which are not only good for the individual, but which society could ill do without.