Principles of Political Economy with Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, 1875 - 591 pages |
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Page 6
... rise to between nation and nation , and be- the pastoral or nomad state , in which tween different ages of the world ; dif- mankind do not live on the produce of ferences both in the quantity of wealth , hunting , but on milk and its ...
... rise to between nation and nation , and be- the pastoral or nomad state , in which tween different ages of the world ; dif- mankind do not live on the produce of ferences both in the quantity of wealth , hunting , but on milk and its ...
Page 46
... rise ; and may rise beyond the means or the inclinations of some of the habitual consumers , who may in con- sequence forego their accustomed indulgence , and save the amount . If they do not , but continue to spend as great a value as ...
... rise ; and may rise beyond the means or the inclinations of some of the habitual consumers , who may in con- sequence forego their accustomed indulgence , and save the amount . If they do not , but continue to spend as great a value as ...
Page 98
... rise above the condition of the beasts , population is restrained by the fear of want , rather than by want itself . Even where there is no question of starvation , many are similarly acted upon by the apprehension of losing what have ...
... rise above the condition of the beasts , population is restrained by the fear of want , rather than by want itself . Even where there is no question of starvation , many are similarly acted upon by the apprehension of losing what have ...
Page 112
... rise . If the appli- cation of additional labour to the land was , as a general rule , attended with an increase in the proportional return , the price of produce , instea of rising , must necessarily full as society advances , unless ...
... rise . If the appli- cation of additional labour to the land was , as a general rule , attended with an increase in the proportional return , the price of produce , instea of rising , must necessarily full as society advances , unless ...
Page 113
... rising . If , therefore , it be true that the tendency of agricultural produce is to rise in money price as wealth and population increase , there needs no other evidence that the labour required for raising it from the soil tends to ...
... rising . If , therefore , it be true that the tendency of agricultural produce is to rise in money price as wealth and population increase , there needs no other evidence that the labour required for raising it from the soil tends to ...
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Common terms and phrases
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Bank of England capitalist cause circulating capital cloth commodities competition condition consequence consumed corn cost of production crease cultivation currency dealers degree demand depend diminished duce duction effect employed employment enable England equal equivalent exchange exertion existing expense exports farmer farms favourable foreign France funds Germany greater human hundred quarters important improvement income increase industry interest labouring classes land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metals metayer mode modities nations natural necessary obtained operations paid payment peasant permanent persons political economy population portion possession present principle produce proportion proprietors purchase quantity quired rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving society soil sufficient sumers supply suppose things tion tivated trade unproductive value of money wages wealth whole
Popular passages
Page 81 - The habit of sauntering, and of indolent careless application, which is naturally, or rather necessarily, acquired by every country workman who is obliged to change his work and his tools every half hour, and to apply his hand in twenty different ways almost every day of his life, renders him almost always slothful and lazy, and incapable of any vigorous application, even on the most pressing occasions.
Page 487 - Fourthly, by subjecting the people to the frequent visits and the odious examination of the tax-gatherers, it may expose them to much unnecessary trouble, vexation, and oppression...
Page 174 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Page 80 - This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances; first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another ; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
Page 381 - Gold and silver having been chosen for the general medium of circulation, they are, by the competition of commerce, distributed in such proportions amongst the different countries of the world, as to accommodate themselves to the natural traffic which would take place if no such metals existed, and the trade between countries were purely a trade of barter.
Page 81 - A man commonly saunters a little in turning his hand from one sort of employment to another. When he first begins the new work, he is seldom very keen and hearty; his mind, as they say, does not go to it, and for some time he rather trifles than applies to good purpose.
Page 210 - With these limitations of the terms, wages not only depend upon the relative amount of capital and population, but cannot, under the rule of competition, be affected by anything else. Wages (meaning, of course, the general rate) cannot rise, but by an increase of the aggregate funds employed in hiring labourers, or a diminution in the number of the competitors for hire ; nor fall, except either by a diminution of the funds devoted to paying labour, or by an increase in the number of labourers to...
Page 131 - ... the largest portions to those who have never worked at all, the next largest to those whose work is almost nominal, and so in a descending scale, the remuneration dwindling as the work grows harder and more disagreeable, until the most fatiguing and exhausting bodily labour cannot count with certainty on being able to earn even the necessaries of life; if this or Communism were the alternative, all the difficulties, great or small, of Communism would be but as dust in the balance.
Page 487 - Thirdly, by the forfeitures and other penalties which those unfortunate individuals incur who attempt unsuccessfully to evade the tax, it may frequently ruin them, and thereby put an end to the benefit which the community might have received from the employment of their capitals.
Page 457 - A world from which solitude is extirpated, is a very poor ideal. Solitude, in the sense of being often alone, is essential to any depth of meditation or of character ; and solitude in the presence of natural beauty and grandeur, is the cradle of thoughts and aspirations which are not only good for the individual, but which society could ill do without.