Principles of Political Economy with Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, 1875 - 591 pages |
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Page 2
... things imported ; unless they were brought in to be re - exported at a profit , or unless , being the materials or in- struments of some industry practised in the country itself , they gave the power of producing exportable articles at ...
... things imported ; unless they were brought in to be re - exported at a profit , or unless , being the materials or in- struments of some industry practised in the country itself , they gave the power of producing exportable articles at ...
Page 3
... things are for sale : and one whose fortune is in money , or in things rapidly convertible into it , seems both to himself and others to possess not any one thing , but all the things which the money places it at his option to purchase ...
... things are for sale : and one whose fortune is in money , or in things rapidly convertible into it , seems both to himself and others to possess not any one thing , but all the things which the money places it at his option to purchase ...
Page 4
... things , and seek their premises from elementary facts , and not from the forms and phrases of common discourse . So soon as they asked themselves what is really meant by money - what it is in its essential characters , and the precise ...
... things , and seek their premises from elementary facts , and not from the forms and phrases of common discourse . So soon as they asked themselves what is really meant by money - what it is in its essential characters , and the precise ...
Page 6
... things which possess exchangeable value ; or , in other words , all useful or agreeable things except those which can be obtained , in the quantity desired , without labour or sa- crifice . To this definition , the only objection seems ...
... things which possess exchangeable value ; or , in other words , all useful or agreeable things except those which can be obtained , in the quantity desired , without labour or sa- crifice . To this definition , the only objection seems ...
Page 16
... things into fit places for being acted upon by their own internal forces , and by those residing in other natural objects , is all that man does , or can do , with mat ter . He only moves one thing to or from another . He moves a seed ...
... things into fit places for being acted upon by their own internal forces , and by those residing in other natural objects , is all that man does , or can do , with mat ter . He only moves one thing to or from another . He moves a seed ...
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Common terms and phrases
accumulation Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount Bank of England capitalist cause circulating capital cloth commodities competition condition consequence consumed corn cost of production crease cultivation currency dealers degree demand depend diminished duce duction effect employed employment enable England equal equivalent exchange exertion existing expense exports farmer farms favourable foreign France funds Germany greater human hundred quarters important improvement income increase industry interest labouring classes land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metals metayer mode modities nations natural necessary obtained operations paid payment peasant permanent persons political economy population portion possession present principle produce proportion proprietors purchase quantity quired rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving society soil sufficient sumers supply suppose things tion tivated trade unproductive value of money wages wealth whole
Popular passages
Page 81 - The habit of sauntering, and of indolent careless application, which is naturally, or rather necessarily, acquired by every country workman who is obliged to change his work and his tools every half hour, and to apply his hand in twenty different ways almost every day of his life, renders him almost always slothful and lazy, and incapable of any vigorous application, even on the most pressing occasions.
Page 487 - Fourthly, by subjecting the people to the frequent visits and the odious examination of the tax-gatherers, it may expose them to much unnecessary trouble, vexation, and oppression...
Page 174 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Page 80 - This great increase of the quantity of work which, in consequence of the division of labour, the same number of people are capable of performing, is owing to three different circumstances; first, to the increase of dexterity in every particular workman; secondly, to the saving of the time which is commonly lost in passing from one species of work to another ; and lastly, to the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
Page 381 - Gold and silver having been chosen for the general medium of circulation, they are, by the competition of commerce, distributed in such proportions amongst the different countries of the world, as to accommodate themselves to the natural traffic which would take place if no such metals existed, and the trade between countries were purely a trade of barter.
Page 81 - A man commonly saunters a little in turning his hand from one sort of employment to another. When he first begins the new work, he is seldom very keen and hearty; his mind, as they say, does not go to it, and for some time he rather trifles than applies to good purpose.
Page 210 - With these limitations of the terms, wages not only depend upon the relative amount of capital and population, but cannot, under the rule of competition, be affected by anything else. Wages (meaning, of course, the general rate) cannot rise, but by an increase of the aggregate funds employed in hiring labourers, or a diminution in the number of the competitors for hire ; nor fall, except either by a diminution of the funds devoted to paying labour, or by an increase in the number of labourers to...
Page 131 - ... the largest portions to those who have never worked at all, the next largest to those whose work is almost nominal, and so in a descending scale, the remuneration dwindling as the work grows harder and more disagreeable, until the most fatiguing and exhausting bodily labour cannot count with certainty on being able to earn even the necessaries of life; if this or Communism were the alternative, all the difficulties, great or small, of Communism would be but as dust in the balance.
Page 487 - Thirdly, by the forfeitures and other penalties which those unfortunate individuals incur who attempt unsuccessfully to evade the tax, it may frequently ruin them, and thereby put an end to the benefit which the community might have received from the employment of their capitals.
Page 457 - A world from which solitude is extirpated, is a very poor ideal. Solitude, in the sense of being often alone, is essential to any depth of meditation or of character ; and solitude in the presence of natural beauty and grandeur, is the cradle of thoughts and aspirations which are not only good for the individual, but which society could ill do without.