MEASURES OF LENGTH. 11 myriameter, equal to nearly 6 and one-fourth miles; and also the length of the smallest unit, the millimeter, about four-hundredth of an inch. Compare, also, each of the smaller measures, the decimeter and centimeter, with the inch. When, in the metric system, the value of any single unit is fixed in the mind, the values of all the others may be readily apprehended, since they always arise from multiplying or dividing by 10. NOTE. In all the tables, the UNIT is in small capitals, and should be constantly referred to. Methods of Reading. The number 25365.897 meters, is read, in English, Twenty-five thousand three hundred and sixty-five meters, and 897 thousandths of a meter. But in the language of the metric system, it may be read, Two myriameters, 5 kilometers, 3 hectometers, 6 decameters, 5 meters, 8 decimeters, 9 centimeters, and 7 millimeters. It may also be read, beginning with the lowest denomination, 7 millimeters, 9 centimeters, &c., &c. In reading, remember that the unit of any place is ten times as great as the unit of the place next at the right, and onetenth of the unit of the place next at the left. Hence, the change from one unit to another, and the methods of reduction and reading, are identical with those in the system of decimal currency. 1. Write, numerate, and read, five hundred and ninety-six hectometers. 2. Write, numerate, and read, eighty-nine thousand and fortyone centimeters. Questions. What is the primary base of the metric system? To what portion of the earth's surface is it equal? What is its length? That is the ascending scale from the meter? What is the descending According to what law le? What is the length of a myriameter? the different units increase and decrease? MEASURES OF SURFACES, OR SQUARE MEASURE. Base, 1 Are the square whose side is 10 meters. 4 perches or square rods, nearly. The unit of surface is a square whose side is 10 meters. called an ARE, and is equal to 100 square meters. MEASURES OF VOLUMES. Base, 1 leter the cube or the decimeter. 61.023378 cubic inches. a little more than a wine quart. Questions. What is the primary base of the measure for surfaces? To what is it equal, in square yards? What are the denominations, beginning with the least? To what is the centare equal? To what is the hectare equal? It is MEASURES OF VOLUMES. 13 The unit for the measure of volume is the cube whose edge is one-tenth of the meter-that is, a cube whose edge is 3.937 inches. This cube is called a LETER, and is one-thousandth part of the cube constructed on the meter, as an edge. 10 millileters make 1 centileter. 10 centileters make 1 decileter. 10 decileters make 1 leter. 10 leters make 1 decaleter. 10 decaleters make 1 hectoleter. 10 hectoleters make 1 kiloleter or stere. NOTE. The kiloleter, or stere, is the cube constructed on the meter, as an edge. Hence, the leter is one-thousandth part of the kiloleter. 10,000 = 100,000 = 1,000,000 Millileter. 1 kiloleter, or stere 61023.377953 cu. in. = 35.314454 cu. ft. NOTE.-Law of change in the units, and methods of reading, are the same as in linear measure. • DRY MEASURE. EQUIVALENTS IN THE WINCHESTER BUSHEL. = 2150.4 cu. in.; 1 pk. =537.6 cu. in.; 1 qt. = 33.6 cu. in. ; therefore, Since 1 bushel = 67.2 cu. in.; 1 pt. 1 Millileter 1 Centileter 1 Decileter 1 LETER 1 Decaleter 1 Hectoleter 1 Kiloleter, or stere = .001816 pints. .018160 pints. = .181606 pints. = 1.816060 pints. NOTE. The leter, or standard, is a little less than 1 quart, and the stere, nearly 30 Winchester bushels. LIQUID MEASURE. EQUIVALENTS IN THE WINE GALLON. Since 1 wine gallon contains 231 cubic inches, 1 quart will contain 37.75 cubic inches; 1 pint, 28.875 cubic inches; and 1 gill, 7.21875 cubic inches, we have, Questions.-What is the unit for the measure of volumes? To what is it equal in cubic inches? What part is it of the cube on the meter? Name all the denominations of volume. What is the unit of Dry Measure? To what is it equal? To what is the stere or kiloleter equal? 1 Millileter 1 Centileter 1 Decileter 1 LETER 1 Decaleter 1 Hectoleter WEIGHTS. = 0.008453 gills = 1 qt. 1.1335 pt. = 2 gal. 2 qt. 1.1335 pt. = 26 gal. 1 qt. 1 pt. 1.34 gills. 1 Kiloleter, or stere = 1 tun, 12 gal. 1 pt. 1.44 gills. WEIGHTS. Base, 1 gram weight of a cubic centimeter of rain-water. = 15.432 grains, Troy, nearly. = .0352746 ounces, Avoirdupois, nearly. 15 The unit of weight is also equal to the one-millionth part of the weight of a cubic meter of pure rain-water, weighed in vaIt is called a GRAM, and is equal to 15.432 grains, Troy, which is equal to .0352746 ounces, Avoirdupois, very nearly. cuum. -Millier, or ton.` -Quintal. - Kilogram. GRAM. UNIT. Decigram. -Milligram. |