1= 10= 100 Centigram. 1.000= 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 110 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10.000,000 100,000,000 1=10=100=1,000=10,000=100,000=1,000,000=10,000,000—100,000,000=1,000,000,000 NOTE.-Law of change in the units, and methods of reading, the same as in Linear Measure. NATURE OF THE METRIC SYSTEM. From the meter, The Metric system is based on the METER. three other units are derived; and the four constitute the primary units of the system. They are: Questions. What is the unit of weight? To what is it equal in Troy weight? To what is it equal in Avoirdupois? Name all the units of the weight, from the lowest to the highest. To what is the millier, or ton, equal? Milligram. METER GENERAL PRINCIPLES. 39.37 inches, nearly unit of length. ARE = a square on 10 meters: unit of surface. LETER a cube whose edge is a decimeter: unit of volume. GRAM 17 the weight of a cube of rain-water, each edge of which is a centimeter unit of weight. From these four units all others are derived, according to the decimal scale. Every system of Weights and Measures must have an invariable unit for its base--and every other unit of the entire system should be derived from it, according to a fixed law. The French Government, in order to obtain an invariable unit, measured a degree of the arc of a meridian on the earth's surface; and from this computed the length of the meridional arc from the equator to the pole. This length they divided into ten million equal parts, and then took one of these parts for the unit of length, and called it a METER. The length of this meter is equal to 1 yard, 3 inches, and 37 hundredths of an inch, very nearly. Thus they obtained the length of the unit which is the base of the Metric System of Weights and Measures. The next step was to fix the law by which the other units of the system should be obtained from the base. As the scale of tens is the simplest law by which we can pass from one unit to another, that scale was adopted, and the larger units are formed by multiplying the base continually by 10, and the smaller, by dividing it continually by 10. It would seem impossible that so simple a system of computation and record, forming a common language for the whole family of man, and reaching every operation of trade and commerce, should not at an early day become universal. TO CHANGE FROM ONE SYSTEM TO THE OTHER. To change, in Linear Measure, from the Metric to the Common system. Rule. Multiply the meters and decimals of a meter by 3.280833 (the value of a meter), and the product will be the result in feet. To change from the Common to the Metric system. Rule. Reduce the linear measure to feet and decimals of a foot, and then divide by 3.280833: the quotient will be the result in meters and decimals of a meter. Examples. 1. In 5961.874 meters, how many feet and inches? 2. In 874163 meters, and 37 hectometers, how many feet and inches? 3. Express 320 rods, 5 yards and 6 inches in the Metric Measures. 4. Express 1 mile, 3 furlongs, 39 rods and 5 yards in the Metric Measures. To change, in Square Measure, from the Metric to the Common system. Rule. Reduce the number to ARES and decimals of the ARE: then multiply by 3.95367, and the product will be the result in perches. To change, from the Common system, to the Metric system. Rule. Find the value of the number in perches and decimals of a perch: then divide by 3.95367, and the quotient will be the result in AREs and decimals of the ARE. 1 In 6127 ares, 4 hectares and 3 centares, how many acres, roods and perches? 2. In 327 ares, 15 hectares and 89 centares, how many square feet? 3. In 4 acres, 3 perches and 200 square feet, how many hectares, ares and centares? 4. In 1375 square yards and 250 square feet, how many hectares, ares and centares? To change, in measures of volume, from the Metric to the Common system. Rule. Reduce the number to LETERS and decimals of the LETER: then multiply by 61.023378, and the product will be the result in cubic inches. To change, in measures of volume, from the Common to the Metric system. Rule. Reduce the number to cubic inches: then divide by 61.023378, and the quotient will be the result in LETERS and decimals of the LETER. Examples. 1. In 6 kiloleters, 9 hectoleters, 6 decaleters, 8 leters and 4 centileters, how many cubic feet and inches? 2. In 8 hectoleters, 9 decaleters, 27 leters and 5 milliers, how many cubic yards, feet and inches? 3. Change 27 cubic yards, 16 cubic feet and 16 cubic inches, to the Metric measures. 4. Change 40 cubic yards, 25 cubic feet and 1167 inches, to the Metric measures. To change, in weights, from the Metric to the Common system. Rule. Reduce the number to grams and decimals of a gram: then multiply by 15.423, and the product will be the result in grains Troy; or, multiply by .0352746, and the product will be ounces in Avoirdupois. To change, in weights, from the Common to the Metric system. Rule. Reduce the number to Troy grains, or to Avoirdupois ounces: then divide by 15.423, or by .0352746, and the quotient will be GRAMS and decimals of the GRAM. Examples. 1. Change 4 quintals, 6 kilograms, 4 decagrams, 7 grams and 6 centigrams, to Avoirdupois and Troy weights. 2. Change 2 milliers, 6 myriagrams, 9 grams, 4 decagrams and 9 milligrams, to Troy and Avoirdupois. 3. Change 1 T. 3 cwt. 3 qr. 20 lb. 6 oz., to the Metric weights. 4. Change 16 lb. 11 oz. 4 pwt. 19 gr., Troy, to the Metric weights. Ques. In linear measure, how do you change from the Metric to the Common system? How do you change from the Common to the Metric system? In square measure, how do you change from the Metric to the Common system? How do you change from the Common to the Metric system ? In measures of volume, how do you change from the Metric to the Common system? How do you change from the Common to the Metric system? In weights, how do you change from the Metric to the Common system? How do you change from the Common to the Metric system? |