three trains and with Winchesters compelled the train men to take them to Oliver Springs. The convicts were taken out and sent away.

Up to this time no serious effort appears to have been made to support the local authorities and restore order. It was expected that the next point of attack would be Coal Creek, where a garrison has been kept for nearly a year, numbering about 150 men. In response to appeals for assistance, the Governor ordered the sheriff to take a posse of 500 men from Knoxville, but they were hard to get, on account of widespread sympathy with the miners. On the 18th, the Governor ordered out all the organized militia. The attack was made the same day the militia were ordered out, the 18th. The garrison, in charge of Col. Anderson, made resistance and repelled the mob, which then sent up a flag of truce and asked for an interview with Col. Anderson. He went out with the flag, and was taken prisoner. He was ordered, under threats of death, to sign a letter to his lieutenant directing the surrender of the stockade and fort. He steadily refused to sign the letter, and was kept all night in the mountains, where the miners discussed the policy of hanging him.

Meantime Gen. Carnes had advanced to Coal Creek with reënforcements from Chattanooga, and on the 19th the miners were routed in a fierce battle. Some were taken prisoners, and the insurgents were notified that unless Col. Anderson was brought back in safety the prisoners would be put to death. He was finally restored unhurt. Three, at least, of the soldiers were killed in the attack, and it was supposed that several miners fell. One of the worst of the leaders, Bud Lindsay, was captured on the 21st by a party of citizens. He begged for his life and offered to give evidence against the other leaders, and on this condition his life was spared. Gen. Carnes proceeded against him and other leaders, under civil warrants, and 200 were under arrest by the 20th. He took a force on that day and went to Briceville, where the houses of the miners were searched and about 60 prisoners taken. By the 22d, 500 men had been arrested. A dispute arose between the State authorities and the lessees as to the rent for the leased convicts in Nashville after they were sent from the mines. It is quite possible that the system of leasing convicts may be abandoned, as the general sentiment in the State seems to be that, while the law must be enforced so long as it remains on the statute-books, it would be wiser to do away with it.

Political. A Governor, ten representatives in Congress, and a legislature that would elect a United States Senator in place of W. B. Bate, were to be chosen on Nov. 8.

The Democratic Convention for the selection of delegates to the national convention met, May 26. The delegates were instructed to vote for Cleveland as long as his name should be before the convention. The platform declared for the autonomy of the States, and economy in governmental expenditures; against the enlargement and concentration of Federal powers, bounties, and subsidies in every form, and "the whole theory and practice of paternalism.' It declared the party to be the fast friend of the farmer and the laboring man. It denounced the McKinley

act, and the reciprocity policy as a temporizing scheme intended to soothe the people with a measure of partial free trade, delay the downfall of monopoly, and throw a sop to New England." It condemned the "Force bill," and the pension policy, which it characterized as "a part of the general policy of the Government under the Republican rule to drain the South of its wealth and carry it to more favored sections." On the subject of coinage it said:

convertible into coin at the option of the holder, and We favor a currency of gold, silver, and of paper in such amount as will meet the business necessities of internal trade and commerce among the people; and we further favor a parity of the two metals as a common unit of value and as a legal tender for the payment of all debts, public and private, as existed under the laws of the United States down to the infamous and surreptitious demonetization of silver in 1873 by the Republican party; and we further favor the continued coinage of both silver and gold bullion in such manner as that every dollar so coined shall be equal to every other dollar.

Chief-Justice Peter Turney had been put forward for the gubernatorial nomination. The primary elections were largely in his favor, and on Aug. 4 Gov. Buchanan issued an address withdrawing his name from consideration before the nominating convention. The convention met on Aug. 9, and nominated Turney by acclamation. In reference to State affairs, the resolutions called for the reduction of taxation and the retrenchment of expenses, and declared that labor should not be "under duress from convict labor and its corporate organization"; and therefore favored the abolition of the penitentiary lease system, and the erection of a prison large enough to hold all the convicts and so constructed as to allow of classification, that the young and those convicted of lesser offenses might be separated from old and hardened criminals.

On Aug. 10 the city of Memphis was thrown into a state of great excitement by the announcement that the Governor had commuted the sentence of Col. H. Clay King, who was to have been hanged on the 12th, for the murder of D. H. Poston, and at night a crowd assembled at the most central point in the city and hanged the Governor in effigy.

On Aug. 15 the Governor announced himself an independent candidate for re-election.

The People's party had met in June and adopted resolutions and appointed a delegation to Omaha, but postponed naming a candidate for Governor till Aug. 18. The resolutions demanded free coinage and an increase of the volume of the currency to the extent of $50 per capita. It demanded that United States Senators be elected directly by the people. In State matters, the abrogation of the convict lease system was demanded, and it was declared that salaries of all State and county officials should be reduced, and that a tax on the people to pay the railroad debt was unconstitutional.

At the convention. Aug. 18, the following resolution was adopted:

Whereas, John P. Buchanan has announced himself as an independent candidate for Governor upon a platform of principles which are sound and in accord with the reform movement; therefore, Resolved, That it is the desire of this convention

that no nomination be made, and that we give him our hearty support.

The Republicans met in convention May 4, and nominated George W. Winstead for Gov. ernor. The resolutions commended the policy of the national Republican administration, and in reference to State affairs, denounced the incompetency of the State government, "which has been unable to cope with any of the great questions of state policy that have come up from time to time during the long and uninterrupted Democratic rule; which has expended large sums of money and has conferred no benefits on the people of the State; which has tampered with and destroyed the militia system of the State so that its inefficiency is now a by-word; which has, by tampering with the convict lease system, disgraced the State, so that, as a culmination of the outrageous management, to-day the public work of the capital city of the State is performed by penitentiary convicts, and convicts are now employed on the public streets of the capital city, in full view of the State capitol, to the great detriment and injury of honest laborers, who, with their families, are dependent on such work, and are forced to seek employment elsewhere."

They demanded the abolition of the convict lease system, the repeal of the poll-tax provision in the election laws, and an amendment of the laws so that illiterate voters may have assistance in casting their votes; denounced all intimida. tion and other frauds for depriving voters of their rights under the Constitution. They declared in favor of measures for the punishment of petty offenses without the intervention of grand juries, condemned the refusal of the legislature to secure to the State representation at the World's Fair, and demanded a just and equitable system of assessment and taxation, to the end that all property of the State may be taxed uniformly, and that neither the industrial interests of the State nor the landed property and homes be required to bear unnecessary and unequal burthens.

The State Convention of Prohibitionsts met on June 2, and nominated for Governor Judge Edward H. East.

The total vote polled for presidential electors was 267,503-much smaller than in 1888, when it was 303,736. This was in part due to the reduction of the negro vote. There are about 75,000 negro voters in the State, but a large part of them were practically disfranchised by the operation of the poll-tax law, which went into effect in 1890, and the Australian ballot system, which has been adopted in some counties, including those containing the larger cities. The official returns were as follows: For Cleveland, 138,874 : for Harrison, 100,331; for Weaver, 23,447; for Bidwell, 4,851; for Turney, 127,247; for Winstead, 100,629; for Buchanan, 31,515; for East, 5,427. For members of Congress, 8 Democrats and 2 Republicans were elected. The State legislature is constituted as follows: Senate— Democrats, 26; Republicans, 6; People's or Independent, 1; House-Democrats, 68; Republicans, 26; People's or Independent, 5. Democratic majority on joint ballot, 56.

Judge Turney did not resign his judgeship till after he became Governor, when he appointed Judge Lorton his successor.

TENNYSON, ALFRED, Lord, an English poet, born in Somersby, Lincolnshire, Aug. 6, 1809; died at Aldworth House, near Haslemere, Surrey, Oct. 6, 1892. His father, the Rev. George Clayton Tennyson, was rector of Somersby and Enderby, and vicar of Great Grimshy. He was highly educated, and accomplished in painting, music, and languages, as well as in the art in which his son so far transcended him. He had also a great fondness for nature, and the charms of out-of-door living were early revealed by him to his children, who accompanied him in his rambles and drives.

Mr., Tennyson belonged to the family of D'Eyncourt, Norman Plantagenets, which, at the time of Alfred's birth, was represented in Parliament by the eldest member, Rt. Hon. Charles Tennyson D'Eyncourt. The poet's mother was a daughter of the Rev. Stephen Fytche. Alfred had three brothers-Frederick, Charles, and Septimus. Frederick Tennyson took the prize at Trinity College, Cambridge, for a Greek poem, and afterward published a volume of poems, entitled " Days and Hours." Charles Tennyson, who also was graduated at Cambridge, took orders, became vicar of Grasby, and assumed the family name of his father's mother-Turner -on inheriting from her an estate in Lincolnshire.

Like his brothers, Alfred entered Trinity College, Cambridge, and, like them, wrote poetry while there. He gained the Chancellor's medal, offered for an English poem, the prize being awarded to his "Timbuctoo." He left college before graduation. Because of his constant efforts to maintain strict privacy, and his resentment of anything like personal publicity, little more can be said of Alfred Tennyson's life than the bare statement of the facts that he received a pension of $1,000 a year, and lived in and about London till he was forty years of age, when he married Emily Sellwood, and went to live at Twickenham; that on the death of Wordsworth in 1850 he succeeded him as Poet-Laureate; that soon afterward he removed to the Isle of Wight, where he lived for many years at Faringford, Freshwater; that about 1869 he purchased a place at Petersfield, Hampshire, and years afterward Aldworth House, near Haslemere, where he died; and that in December, 1883, he was raised to the peerage as Baron Tennyson of D'Eyncourt. Tennyson once wrote to Sir Henry Taylor that he "thanked God Almighty with his whole heart and soul that he knew nothing and that the world knew nothing of Shakespeare but his writings, and that he knew nothing of Jane Austen, and that there were no letters preserved either of Shakespeare or of Jane Austen"; that they, in fact, had not been "ripped open like pigs." Years before, in his lines After Reading a Life and Letters," he had expressed the same sentiment poetically:

You have miss'd the irreverent doom Of those that wear the Poet's crown; Hereafter, neither knave nor clown Shall hold their orgies at your tomb.

For now the poet cannot die

Nor leave his music as of old,

But round him ere he scarce be cold Begins the scandal and the cry:

"Proclaim the faults he would not show;
Break lock and seal: Betray the trust:
Keep nothing sacred, 'tis but just
The many-headed beast should know."

He gave the people of his best:

His worst he kept, his best he gave.

My Shakespeare's curse on clown and knave Who will not let his ashes rest!

Who make it seem more sweet to be The little life of bank and brier, The bird that pipes his lone desire And dies unheard within his tree,

tum of James Russell Lowell, "Style is the man.' And to learn what Tennyson was, as well as what he said, we must go to his life-work of poetry.

The difference between prying, or even idle curiosity, and a desire for knowledge of the outward ways and looks of those who are gifted above their fellows, is world-wide. Browning, who wrote:

Friends, the good man of the house at least

Kept house to himself till an earthquake came: 'Tis the fall of its frontage permits you to feast On the inside arrangement you praise or blame.

Than he that warbles long and loud And drops at Glory's temple-gates, For whom the carrion vulture waits To tear his heart before the crowd!

The English press was flooded, after his death, with anecdotes of the man of whose daily life during eighty-three years most of his country. men had known little more than had the world outside his native land; but these anecdotes. even if they could be repeated as authentic, are nearly all insignificant and unsatisfactory. The famous saying of Novalis, " Every Englishman is an island," is truer of him than of any famous Englishman that ever lived.

In judging of him we must recall, not the epitaph of Ben Jonson on Sir Charles Cavendish, "I made my life my monument," but the dic

Outside should suffice for evidence:
And whoso desires to penetrate
Deeper, must dive by the spirit-sense-
No optics like yours, at any rate!

was the most genial of men. He loved them, and trusted to their memories his daily acts and words, without a thought that they looked to criticise or listened to betray; and the Robert Browning of biography is the complement of the Robert Browning of literature. To Tennyson the social instincts of Browning were incompre hensible. To Carlyle's letters to Ralph Waldo Emerson we are indebted for a description of Tennyson's appearance in 1844 :

One of the finest-looking men in the world. A great shock of rough, dusty-dark hair: bright, laughing, hazel eyes; massive aquiline face-most massive, yet most delicate of sallow-brown_complexion, almost Indian-looking clothes cynically loose, free and easy-smokes infinite tobacco. His