669 large States containing great cities. But for ages to come the principal output and wealth of the Mississippi Valley must be agricultural; and the greatest danger is a separation of interest between the tiller of the soil (allied, perhaps, with the workman at the forge) on the one side, and the capitalist and the professional and business man on the other side. At present the social forces are well balanced, and immigration has not brought the great dangers usually ascribed to it; but if the farms are to fall into the hands of a rent-paying peasantry, and the owners are not to live in the midst of that peasantry and to share their interests, as do the land-owners in European countries, then the Mississippi Valley may yet see social contests which will make the French Revolution seem mild. The two bases of the present happiness and prosperity of that great region are first, the intelligence, honesty, and orderliness of the average man, and secondly, the belief that the farmer and the wage-earner get a fair share of the output.
Albert Bushnell Hart, The Future of the Mississippi Valley, in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, February, 1900 (New York, etc.), C, 418-424 passim.
[The names of the authors of extracts are in Boldface. The titles of the pieces are in SMALL CAPITALS. The titles of books cited are in Italics.]
Abolitionists, arguments of a New Eng- lander, ii, 293-297; arguments of a Quaker, 302-308; Garrison's principles, iii, 595-597; anti-slavery meeting, 602- 608; political, 608-612; denounced, 619- 622, iv, 160-161, 194; Calhoun on, iv, 48- 51; Webster on, 53-54; on Webster, 55-56; on the Civil War, 306-309, 395- 397. See also Anti-slavery, Slavery. Acadians, deportation of, ii, 360-365. Adair, James, value of personal experi- ence, ii, 3; THE LIFE OF AN INDIAN TRADER, 326-330; History of the Ameri- can Indians, 330.
Adams, Abigail, Letters, ii, 20, 554, iii, 333;
A WOMAN AT THE FRONT, ii, 550-554: THE NATIONAL CAPITAL, iii, 331-333. Adams, Amos, Planting of New England,
ii, 15. Adams, Charles Francis, Familiar Letters
of John Adams and his Wife, ii, 20, 64; Letters of Mrs. Adams, 554, iii, 333; Geneva arbitration, iv, 556.
Adams, C. F. Jr., Richard Henry Dana, iv,
A SELECTMAN, 220-223; THE FIRST CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 434-439; life in Philadelphia, 437-439; DIFFICULTIES IN FRAMING ARTICLES OF CONFEDER- ATION, 539-543; EXPLANATION OF THE PEACE OF 1782, 623-625; negotiations with Holland, iii, 162; PRESENTATION OF THE FIRST AMERICAN MINISTER TO GEORGE THIRD, 172-176; president of the Senate, 258; ORIGIN OF PARTIES, 282-283; ELECTION OF 1796, 300-301; Anti-Federalist comment on, 337. Adams, John Quincy, Memoirs, iii, 10, 429, 483; DISCUSSION OF PEACE, 426-429; THE SPANISH TREATY OF 1819, 481- 483; l'Amistad case, 626, 629; DEFENCE OF FREE SPEECH, 633-636. Adams, Nehemiah, A NORTHERN APOLO- GIST, iv, 65-68; South-Side View of Slav- ery, 68. Adams, Samuel, WHAT IS POPULAR GOVERNMENT? iii, 93-96; OBSERVA- TIONS ON THE TREATY OF PEACE, 161- 163.
Adams, William, British envoy, iii, 426-429. Admiralty, court of, in the colonies, ii, 396- 397. See also Smuggling. Advertisements, for runaways, ii, 298-302. Agents, colonial, in England, ii, 184-187. "Agreement," of Massachusetts, 1629, i, 371. Agriculture, and protective tariff, iii, 434- 436; for negroes, iv, 664; dangers, 668-669. Alabama, AN ORDINANCE OF SECESSION, iv, 188-189; Democrats regain control in, 501-504,
Alabama, Confederate cruiser, combat with the Kearsarge, iv, 416-418; Geneva award on depredations of, 552-553. Alamo, the, in Mexico, iii, 638.
Alaska, ukase on the waters of, iii, 487-489; Sumner on, iv, 547-550; Bering Sea arbi- tration, 564-567.
Albany, town of, i, 542; RECORDS OF A CITY GOVERNMENT, ii, 208-211; clearing of streets, 208; keeping of Sabbath, 208; constables, 208-209; taxes, 209-210; min- ister's salary, 210; selling of liquor, 210; care of chimneys and fire-places, 211; center for Indian trade, 322-324; Plan of Union formed at, 357-360. Albany Evening Journal, iv, 195. Aleutian Islands, iii, 488.
Alexander I, Czar, THE RUSSIAN UKASE
ON ALASKAN WATERS, iii, 487-489. Alexander VI, Pope, PAPAL BULL DIVID- ING THE NEW WORLD, i, 2, 24, 40-43. Algiers, demand for subsidies, iii, 351-355. Allbright, Jacob, BURR'S MUSTER AT BLENNER HASSET ISLAND, iii, 356–359. Allen, Ethan, sent to England, ii, 529–530. Alliance. See Treaty.
Allibone, S. Austin, Critical Dictionary, i, 24, ii, 30.
Allied Sovereigns, THE HOLY ALLIANCE, iii, 479-480.
Almanac, Poor Richard's, extract, ii, 263- 266, title-page, 264; Ames's, 266–272. Almon, John, Collection of Papers, ii, 11; Remembrancer, 11, 451; Anecdotes of the Life of Pitt, 19, 407.
Alsop, George, Province of Maryland, i, 14, 271; A CHARACTER OF THE PROVINCE OF MARY-LAND, 267–271.
Amadas, Philip, voyage to Virginia, i, 89. Amazons, in South America, i, 97. Amendments. See Constitution. America, discovered, i, 35; first use of the name, 49; Cabot's voyage, 70-72; first printed account in English, 72; archives on, in Europe, ii, 10; pride, 411; distin- guishing characteristic, 423; Lafayette's opinion, 485-488; reconciliation or inde- pendence? 530-534; foundation of state constitutions, 534-537; character of Con- gress, 543-545; during the Revolution, 560-562; Steuben's opinion, 584-585;
financial state in 1781, 594-603; people discontented, 597; Articles of Confedera- tion, 604; bank, 605; attitude of George III toward, 619-620; peace with England, 623-625; results of the Revolution, 629- 632; conditions in 1784. iii, 22-27.— See also Civil War, Colonies, Congress, Revolution, United States, and Tables of Contents.
American Annual Cyclopædia, iv, 6. American Antiquarian Society, library, i, 8, ii, 10; Proceedings, i, 178. American Anti-Slavery Society, iii, 608. American Historical Association, Annual Report, ii, 11, 23. iv, 1; favors study of sources, ii, 26; Report on History in Schools, iii, I, iv, I.
American Historical Review, ii, 32, 530, 582, iii, 52, 211, 276, 336, 351. American History Leaflets, i, 5, 14, ii, 5, 12, 20, iii, 8, iv, 6.
American Museum, iii, 37, 239.
American Philosophical Society, Transac- tions, iii, 471.
American State Papers, iii, 10; Foreign Re- lations, 171, 312, 314, 326, 355, 400, 403. 501. American War Ballads and Lyrics, iv, 263. Americans, characteristics of, iii, 77. Ames, Fisher, DEFENCE OF THE JAY TREATY, iii, 315-319; Speech on the Jay Treaty, 319.
Ames, Nathaniel, A YEAR Of a College STUDENT'S LIFE, ii, 266–272; Diary, 272, iii, 339; POLITICAL COMMENTS, iii, 336– 339.
Amistad case, iii, 626-629.
Anburey, Thomas, Travels, ii, 18, 20. Anderson, Robert, BREAKING OF THE STORM, iv, 213-216; SURRENDER OF FORT SUMTER, 220.
Andover (Mass.), life at, iii, 509-512. André, John, THE EXPERIENCES OF A BRITISH SPY, ii, 515-518,
Andrews, John, THE BOSTON TEA-PARTY, ii, 431-433: Letters, 433.
Andros, Sir Edmund, revolution against, i, 463-466; diligence, ii, 91-92. - See also Connecticut, Massachusetts.
Annals of Congress, iii, 8, 9, 264, 272, 376, 380, 420, 436, 440. - See also Congres-
sional Debates, Congressional Globe, Congressional Record. Annapolis Convention, iii, 185–187. Annexations, Louisiana, iii, 367-372; objec- tions, 373-376, 642-645; Florida, 482-483; Texas, 642-655; Mexican territory, iv, 24-26, 32-34; Alaska, 547-550; general passion for, 548; Spanish, in 1898, 589. - See also Colonies, Territories. Annual Register, ii, 11, iii, 302. Anonymous, FIRST PRINTED ACCOUNT OF AMERICA IN ENGLISH, 1, 72-73; ENGLISH CLAIMS TO NORTH AMERICA, 164-166; BACON'S REBELLION, 242-246; THE TRIAL OF A WOMAN ANTINOMIAN, 382- 387; FOUNDING OF THE FIRST AMERI- CAN COLLEGE, 467-472; THE TRIAL OF A QUAKER, 481-484; A PLEA FOR PRO- TECTIVE DUTIES, ii, 247-248; A BALLAD OF PIGWACKET, 344-346; A FRENCH ACCOUNT OF BRADDOCK'S DEFEAT, 365- 367; A BRAVE MAN'S DEATH, 484-485; EXPLOITS OF DE GRASSE IN THE WEST INDIES, 612-615; Journal of an Officer, 615; A CONFESSION OF ENGLAND'S ERROR, iii, 302; John Brown's Body, iv, 259-260; REASONS FOR WAR, 573-575; War with Spain and After, 575. Antietam, Smalley's account of battle of, iv, 346-351.
Anti-Federalists, policy of, iii, 289-292,
Antinomians, in Massachusetts, i, 382–387. Anti-slavery, meeting, iii, 602-608; protest against annexation of Texas, 642-645.— See also Abolitionists, Slavery. Appleton's Annual Cyclopædia, iv, 6. Appomattox, surrender of Lee at, iv, 437- 440, 443-444. Apprentices, iii, 25-26.
Arber, Edward, First Three English Books on America, i, 73.
Arbitration, Halifax commission, iv, 544: Geneva award, 550-556; Bering Sea, 564-567; Venezuelan boundary dispute, 568, 572.
Arbitrators, THE GENEVA AWARD, iv, 550-556.
Archives, American, in Europe, ii, 10. Argall, Sir Samuel, in Virginia, i, 220, Arkansas River, discovered, i, 139.
Armstrong, Edward, Record of the Court at Upland, ii, 208.
Armstrong, John, THE NEWBURG AD- DRESSES, iii, 122-125.
Army, Confederate, scarcity of food, iv, 254-255. 440; conditions, 277–286; experi- ence in battle, 280-282; an Englishman's impressions, 284-286; partisan campaign- ing, 287-289; preparation for war, 319- 323; appearance, 327; commissariat, 371. See also Civil War, battles by name, and Table of Contents of Vol. IV. Army, English, employs Hessians, ii, 500- 504; camp life in Canada, 504-507; Ger- mans and English, 506-507; loyalist corps, 511-513; capture of André, 515- 518; losses at Concord and Lexington, 550; "Battle of the Kegs," 562-565; a woman's life in, 565-568.- See also Officers, Revolution, War, and Table of Contents of Vol. II.
Army, United States, recruiting service, ii, 457, 481-483, 586; clothing, 468–469, 527: joined by Lafayette, 485-488; proposed use of negroes, 488-490; Washington on militia, 490-492, 560-562; punishments, 493-494; Washington's headquarters, 495- 497; prisoners, 508-511; needs, 528, 530; losses at Concord and Lexington, 548; at Valley Forge, 568-573; rank, 570; resig- nations, 572; Steuben in, 582-585; foreign officers in, 584-585; Patrick Henry's views of, 586; condition in the South, 612; Order of Cincinnati, 626-627; of Connecticut, iii, 47; discontent in conti- nental, 121; on Texas frontier, iv, 22-23; in Mexico, 26-31; guard of fugitive slave, 88-91; attack on John Brown, 144-146; in Civil War, 216-220, 256-276, 309-389, 412-444; call for troops, 221, 235: boun- ties, 222, 234-235; negroes as soldiers, 233. 406-407. 442, 458; conditions, 256- 276; enlistment, 256-259; hardships, 263- 265; experience in battle, 268, 273-276; bummers, 268-270, 431; Sanitary Com- mission, 270-273; organization, 314-319; generals appointed, 315: staff and ad- ministrative officers, 316; medical depart- ment, 316; discipline, 316-318; capability of soldiers, 318-319; contrabands follow, 408-411; military government of the South,
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