EXCRETA, HUMAN-SANITARY DISPOSAL OF.1

ALTON, ILL.

Sewer Connections. (Ord. 1232, July 12, 1917.)

SECTION 1. In every case where a sewer is laid in any street in the city of Alton, Ill., it shall be the duty of the owners of all abutting property to connect their house drains and property with said sewer. And upon the failure, refusal or neglect of any property owner to connect his or her said property with the sewer laid in the street abutting said premises within 60 days after being notified so to do by the health commissioner, or city engineer of the city of Alton, Ill., said property owners shall be fined not less than $5 nor more than $25, and for each additional day that said property owner fails or neglects to comply with said requirement, he shall be subject to a further fine of $2.

ANACONDA, MONT.

Sewer Connections. (Ord. 350, Oct. 3, 1919.)

SECTION 1. The board of health of the city of Anaconda is hereby empowered and it is hereby made its duty in all cases where there is a public or district sewer in a street, alley, or highway in the city of Anaconda, to compel every owner or occupant of the lands, buildings or premises situated within 700 feet of such public or district sewer, whether such lands, buildings or premises are within the city of Anaconda or outside of the said city, to construct or cause to be constructed, a sufficient private sewer or drain pipe, which shall connect such lands, buildings or premises, and all vaults, privies, cesspools, waterclosets, sinks, or pipes there or thereon used a a receptacle or conductor of filth, with such nearest public or district sewer (unless the connection is impractical by reason of the topography of the ground) by a private sewer or drain pipe, and the material used for the construction of such private sewer or drain pipe shall be substantially like that used for the public or district sewer, with which the connection is made. Such sewer connection must be made within 30 days of the time when notice shall be given by the health officer of the board of health of said city, to such owners or occupants, to make such connection.

SEC. 2. Any person or persons who live or reside within 700 feet of any such public or district sewer, whether he lives outside of the city limits or not, who shall erect or maintain, or suffer to be erected or maintained upon any premises owned or occupied by him, her, or them, any privy, cesspool, vault, water-closet, or sink within 700 feet of any public or district sewer within or belonging to the said city of Anaconda, shall make the said connection, when the same is required, as in section 1 of this ordinance, and no person or persons within three miles of the said city of Anaconda shall erect or maintain or suffer to be erected or maintained upon any premises owned or occupied by him, or her, or them, any privy, privy vault cesspool, water-closet, or sink within 70 feet of any public or district sewer, within or belonging to the city of Anaconda, 1 See also Nuisances, p. 387.

whether the said sewer is in the city of Anaconda or beyond the limits of the said city, unless he shall make such connection, when required as herein provided.

SEC. 3. All vaults, water-closets, sinks or other fixtures on any land or premises within 700 feet of any public or district sewer in or belonging to the city of Anaconda, shall be required to be within the residence building of the person or persons owning or in the possession of such land or premises, and it shall be unlawful for any person or persons to have such water-closet, sink, or other fixtures on such premises, outside of such residence when within 700 feet of such public or district sewer.

SEC. 4. It shall be unlawful for any person or persons to erect or suffer to be erected or maintained upon any premises or land owned or occupied by him, her or them, any privy, privy vault, cesspool, water-closet or sink within 700 feet of any public or district sewer, within or belonging to the city of Anaconda, unless he shall construct or cause to be constructed a sufficient sewer or drain pipe, which shall connect such lands, buildings or premises, and all vaults, cesspools, water-closets or sinks there or thereon used as a receptacle or as a conductor of filth with such public or district sewer as in section 3 herein provided, whether such premises, lands or buildings are situated in the city of Anaconda or within 700 feet outside the limits of such city, which private sewer or drain pipe shall be for the purpose of draining such privy, vault, cesspool or sink, into such public or district sewer.

SEC. 5. This ordinance is intended to apply to all lands and premises outside of the city of Anaconda and within 700 feet of the said city of Anaconda.

SEC. 6. Every person or persons making any connection with any public or district sewer as herein provided, shall pay to the city of Anaconda the sum of $10 for every vault, privy, water-closet, or fixture connected.

SEC. 7. It shall be the special duty of the city engineer to see that all work under this ordinance is properly done and all connections required to be made herein shall be under his immediate and direct supervision.

SEC. 8. Any person or persons violating the provisions of this ordinance or failing to comply with any of the provisions of this ordinance shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not less than $10 nor more than $300 for each offense.

BIRMINGHAM, ALA.

Sewer Connections-Water-Closets and Sinks. (Ord. 659-C, Nov. 19, 1919.) SECTION 1. That section 1016 of the City Code of 1917, as amended by ordinance No. 645-C., be amended so as to read as follows:

SEC. 1016. That every dwelling house having a sewer which will drain the same, either in the front, side, or rear, must be connected with the sewer and must have at least one water-closet in the yard or house and one sink in house, or approved yard sink in yard, the same to be supplied with water, and where a yard closet and sink are used there shall be at least one such yard closet and sink to every 10 persons or less occupying such house. The emptying of any waste or impure water on the surface is prohibited.

COLUMBUS, GA.

Sewer Connections-Construction, Maintenance, and Cleaning of Privies. (Ord. Oct. 5, 1918.)

SECTION 1. That on and after the 1st day of January, 1919, it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to construct, have, use, or maintain any

privy, vault, water-closet, or cesspool within the city of Columbus, and within the police district adjacent to said city, where the property on which said privy, vault, water-closet, or cesspool is located is adjacent to any street or alley wherein said street or alley is located a sanitary main or lateral sewer and a water main or lateral sewer and a water main or lateral connected with the city water system, unless said privy, vault, closet, or cesspool is properly connected with said sewer and water system so as to render the same sanitary: Provided, however, That no person, firm, or corporation shall be required to connect such privy, vault, closet, or cesspool with such sewer or water system unless such property shall by the city assessment exceed in value the sum of $750.

SEC. 2. That on and after the 1st day of January, 1919, it shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to have, use, maintain, or permit to be used any privy, vault, water-closet, or cesspool within the corporate limits of the city of Columbus where sewer connection has not been made and can not be made with a public sewer, as provided in section 1 of this ordinance, unless said privy, vault, water-closet, or cesspool is constructed or rebuilt in accordance with the provisions of this ordinance, hereinafter provided.

SEC. 3. That on and after the 1st day of January, 1919, it shall be unlawful for any person within the corporate limits of the city of Columbus to throw out, deposit, or bury within the city limits any human excreta, solid or liquid, or to dispose of such substances in any manner other than in a properly sewered water-closet or sanitary privy, as hereinafter provided.

SEC. 4. The term “sanitary privy" as used in the preceding section shall be construed to mean one so built as to contain a privy box and metal container, which shall conform substantially to the following specifications:

(a) The privy box shall be of either the single or double type; the double type to be installed in any privy used by more than four persons.

(b) The privy boxes shall be constructed of sound, durable lumber and shall be fly tight.

(c) The single-type privy box shall be 22 inches long, 17 inches high, and 18 inches wide, all inside measurements; and shall be provided with one seat hole, to be 9 inches long, the front of which shall be about 4 inches from the front of the box.

(d) The double-type privy box shall be 40 inches long; have two seat holes, and otherwise similar to the single-type box.

(e) All privy boxes shall have eight 1-inch holes in the front of the box, 2 inches from the floor, and shall have an opening at the upper part of the back wall 4 inches square; all of these openings to be covered with galvanizediron screen wire, at least 14 meshes to the inch.

(f) The top of the privy box shall be hinged with metal hinges so as to allow for the removal of the receptacles, and so as to fit flat on the top of the box at all other times.

(g) Each seat hole shall be provided with a cover or lid, hinged with two hinges so as to fall into place when not being used and which shall at all other times be kept so as to prevent the access of flies to the human excreta.

(h) A flue not less than 4 inches square shall extend from the opening in the back of the privy box, to 24 inches above the lowest point of the roof of the privy. The top of this flue shall be covered so as to prevent rain from entering the privy box, but shall allow the free egress of air for ventilating purposes.

(i) Under each seat hole shall be placed a galvanized receptacle, with straight sides 14 to 15 inches high, made of 24-inch galvanized iron. These receptacles shall be so placed as to catch the human excreta deposited in the box being held in place by strips of wood tacked to the floor.

SEC. 5. The health officer of the city of Columbus, or the duly constituted board of health control, is hereby empowered, in all cases where there is a public sewer in any street, highway or alley, to compel every owner or occupant of land, buildings or premises fronting or abutting on the street, highway or alley where such public sewer is located, to construct or cause to be constructed, a sufficient sewer or drain pipe, which shall connect such lands, buildings or premises and such privies, vaults, water-closets or cesspools to said public sewer, and said health officer shall have the power and authority, in all cases where there is a public sewer (as is stipulated in section 1 of this ordinance), to cause such connections to be made, and shall give the owner, or his or her agents or tenants notice, in writing, specifying the time when such drain must be completed.

SEC. 6. The city health officer, or his deputies and assistants, shall have the right to enter upon the premises drained by any house drain, or connected with any public sewer, at all reasonable hours, to ascertain whether the provisions of this, or any other ordinance in regard to house drains, or otherwise, have been complied with; and in case it should be ascertained that the provisions of this ordinance are not being complied with, he shall notify the owner of said premises, his agents, or tenants, to cause said drain or its attachments to be so altered, repaired, or reconstructed as to make them conform to the requirements of this ordinance.

SEC. 7. That the health officer, or other constituted health authorities shall prescribe such regulations, sizes, and methods of construction of privies so as to make them conform to such regulations as will be uniform in their application.

SEC. 8. That all sanitary privies in said city shall be kept in a cleanly condition, and so used that all human excreta deposited therein will fall into the receptacle provided for that purpose, and such receptacle shall not be permitted to be used as a container for wash water, garbage, or any refuse matter other than human excreta.

SEC. 9. All receptacles for sanitary privies, as provided in this ordinance, shall be furnished by the city of Columbus, and it shall be unlawful for any person to take, destroy, misplace, or misuse the same.

SEC. 10. That in order to carry out the spirit and intent of this ordinance, and that absolutely sanitary conditions may prevail, power and authority is hereby conferred upon the health authorities of the city of Columbus to employ a city scavenger, who shall be provided with the necessary vehicle, and whose duty it shall be to remove such privy receptacles and the contents thereof-such removal and cleaning to be done under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the board of health control-and for the services in removing such privy receptacles and contents the board of health control can make such rules, regulations, and charges against the property owners or tenants, using the same as may be necessary to cover the costs of such removal, and may require the fees for such service to be paid either monthly or quarterly in advance, as they may deem proper and advisable.

SEC. 11. That the board of health control may make such further rules, regulations, and requirements, in order to carry out the spirit and intent of this ordinance, as they may deem proper and appropriate for that purpose, and as will promote the good health of the city of Columbus and the inhabitants thereof and as will eliminate, as far as possible, all dangers to the public health which may arise by reason of any unsanitary conditions.

SEC. 12. That the construction, use, or maintenance of any privy, vault, watercloset, or cesspool contrary to the provisions of this ordinance is hereby declared

to be a common nuisance and dangerous to the public health, and may be abated as such nuisance in the methods provided by law for abating nuisances. (a) That this ordinance shall be and the same is hereby declared to be of force and effect in the police district of the city of Columbus, as defined in the acts of 1902, page 377, approved December 2, 1902, as fully to all intents and purposes as the same is of force in the city of Columbus.

(b) That in connection with the sanitary privy installation the board of health control will provide for the operation of an adequate scavenger service to secure a sanitary collection, removal, and disposal of all privy receptacles at such intervals as are needed to keep same from overflowing, at least once every seven days.

(c) For the operation of such scavenger service the following charges shall be made: For cleaning each privy containing one can, $2.25 per quarter in advance; for cleaning each additional can on same premises, 25 cents per quarter per can, payable in advance.

(d) No privy receptacle shall be allowed to become filled or overflowing. If scavenging of privy receptacle becomes necessary more often than provided for by the regular collection, it shall be the duty of the occupant to notify the board of health control or city health officer, make an additional payment of 10 cents for each can to be cleaned, and the extra collection will be made at a charge of 10 cents per can.

(e) That the scavenger fee and the extra cleaning fee shall be paid in advance by the occupant of the property, or the owners in case vacant or unoccupied property shall need scavenger service, to the city treasurer in the courthouse, or to an authorized inspector. And each quarter shall be understood to commence January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1 of each year.

(f) That not more than four persons shall use regularly a single privy can, and if more than four persons are using same, replacement of the box by a double privy can will be required.

(g) That any person or persons, firm or corporation, or the agent of any person, persons, firm or corporation, who neglects, fails, or refuses to comply with the provisions of this ordinance shall be deemed guilty of maintaining a nuisance and shall be subject to the penalty or penalties in this ordinance hereinafter provided.

SEC. 13. That any person or persons, firm or corporation, or the agent of any person, persons, firm, or corporation, who neglects, fails, or refuses to conform with the provisions of this ordinance, or should be convicted of any violation thereof in the recorder's court, shall be sentenced to pay a fine not exceeding $100, or imprisonment on the city chain gang or other public works of the city, for a term not exceeding 60 days, either or both, in the discretion of the recorder.

DURHAM (CITY AND COUNTY) N. C.

Water and Sewer Connections.

Privies-Licenses-Location, Construction,

Maintenance, and Cleaning. (Reg. Bd. of H., Dec. 9, 1918.)

ART. 7. WATER-CLOSETS AND DRY CLOSETS.

SECTION 1. That every person, firm, or corporation owning a house and lot in the city of Durham, which lot abuts or adjoins a street or alley along which is a public sewer, shall, after notification by the superintendent of health, make water and sewer connections with his, their, or its house: Provided, Such owner can make sewer connections within 200 feet and water connections within 300 feet of said house: Provided further, No person shall be re