AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. place was first settled, there was BEHRING'S STRAITS, beer'ingz a BRAZIL, bra-zil', Portuguese pron. kat'ta-raw''gus (Ind.), bad-smelling shoro. CAYUGA, ka-yoo'gah (Ind.), long lake. CAROLINA, kar-o-li'nah, named after Charles I., of England. CHALEUR, shà-loor' (Fr.), bay of heats, so called on account of the extreme heat at the time of its discovery. CHAMPLAIN, sham-plain', named CHARLESTON, charls'tn, S._C., chat-ta-hoo'the, figured or painted stone. CHEMUNG, she-mung' (Ind.), big horn; from a fossil tusk found in CHESUNCOOK, che-sun'cook (Ind.), a chimney. CHUQUISACA, choo-ke-sah/kah (Ind.), from Choque Saca, i.e., bridge of gold, from the treasures formerly carried across the river at this point to Cuzco, the town of the Incas. CINCINNATI, sin-sin-nah'te, the Roman plural of Cincinnatus, the patriot. COCHECO, co-che'ko (Ind.), very rapid, or violent; applied to falls or rapids on various streams. COCHITUATE, ko-chit'u-ate (Ind.), land on or near falls or rapid streams. COHASSET, ko-has'set (Ind.), place of pines. COLORADO, kol-o-rah'do (Sp.), red or colored. COLUMBIA, ko-lum'be-ah, named after Christopher Columbus. CONNECTICUT, kon-net'e-kut (Ind. Qunni-tuk-ut), (the country) "upon the long river." CONTOOCOOK, con-too-kook' (Ind.), crow river. COOS, ko-os' (Ind.), place of pines. DACOTAH, da-ko'tah (Ind.),leagued; dam'a-ris-kot" ta (Ind), alewife place. DELAWARE, del'a-ware, named in honor of Thomas West, Lord de la Ware, who visited the bay in 610, and died on his vessel, at its mouth. DETROIT, de-troit' (Fr.), named AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. from the river or "strait" (Fr. detroit) on which it is built. DOMINICA, dom-e-nee'kah (Sp. Dominica, Sunday), named from the day of its discovery by Columbus. ECUADOR, ek-wah'dor (Sp.), equator, so named from its position under the line. EL PASO DEL NORTE, el pah'so del nor'ta (Sp.), the North Pass. ERIE, e're (Ind.), wild cat; the name of a fierce tribe exterminated by the Iroquois. ESQUIMAUX, es'ke-mo (Ind.), eaters of raw flesh. FLORIDA, flor'e-dah, named by Ponce de Leon from the day on which he discovered it, Easter Sunday, called in Spanish, Pascua Florida. GEORGIA, geor'ge-ah, named in honor of George II., of England. HAYTI, ha'te (Ind.), high land. HOUSATONIC, hoo'sa-ton''ik (Ind.), stream beyond the mountains. HUDSON, hud'sn, named after Henry Hudson, who ascended the river in 1607. HURON, hu'ron, from Fr. hure, a name applied by the French to the Wyandots. [word Indian. INDIANA, in'de-an'ah, from the ILLINOIS, il-le-noiz', or il-le-noi', from Ind. illini, men, and the French suffix ois, "tribe of men.' IOWA, i'o-wah, the French form of an Indian word, signifying "the drowsy," or the "sleepy ones;" a Sioux name of the Pahoja or "Gray-snow" tribe. JAMAICA, ja-ma'kah (Ind. Cay-mayca, or Kay-ma-ca), said to mean a country abounding in springs." KALAMAZOO, kal'ah-mah-zoo" (Ind.), a name derived from s ones seen through the water, which by refraction, look like otters. KANSAS, kan'sas (Ind.), smoky water; also said to signify good potato. KATAHDIN, ka-tah'din (Ind.), the highest place. KEARSARGE, ker'sahrj (Ind.), the high place. KENNEBEC, ken-ne-bek' (Ind.), long lake; a name of Moosehead Lake transferred to the river. KENNEBUNK, ken-ne-bunk' (Ind.), long water place. KENOSHA, ke-no'shah (Ind.), pike river. KENTUCKY, ken-tuk'e (Ind.), at head of a river. LABRADOR, lab-rah-dor' (Sp.), named by the Spaniards Tierra Labrador, "cultivable land," to distinguish it from Greenland. LIMA, li'mah; Peruvian pron. lee'mah; a corruption by the Indians or Spaniards of the ancient native name, Rimac. LOUISIANA, loo'e-ze-ah'nah, named after Louis XIV., of France. MACKINAW, mak'e-naw, an abbreviation of Michilimackinac. MANHATTAN, man-hat'tn (Ind. munnoh-atan), the town on the island. MANITOULIN, man-e-too'lin (Ind.), Spirit islands. MARYLAND, ma're-land, named after Henrietta Maria, queen of Charles I. MASSACHUSETTS, mas'sa-chu"sets (Ind.), about the great hills; ie., the "Blue Hills." MEMPHREMAGOG, mem-fre-ma'gog (Ind.), lake of abundance. MENAN, me-nan' (Ind.), island. MERRIMAC, mer're-mak (Ind.), swift water. MEMPHIS, mem'fis, the temple of the Good God. MEXICO, meks'e-ko (Aztec), the place of Mexitli, the Aztec god of war. MICHIGAN, mish'egn; formerly pron. mish-e-gan' (Ind.); a weir for fish. MICHILIMACKINAC, mish'il-emak''in-aw (Ind.), great turtle place. MILWAUKEE, mil-waw'ke (Ind.), rich land. MINNEHAHA, min'ne-hah-hah (Ind.), laughing water; curling water; a waterfall. MINNESOTA, min-ne-so'tah (Ind.), cloudy water; whitish water. MISSISSIPPI, mis sis-sip'pe (Ind.), great and long river. MISSOURI, mis-soo're (Ind.), muddy. MOBILE, mo-beel', corrupted from Mouvill. MOHAWK, mo'hawk (Ind.), maneaters. Literally, it signifies eaters of live food, a name given by the New England or Eastern Indians to the Iroquois, AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. place of cranberries. MUSKINGUM, mus-king'gum (Ind.), moose-eye river. NAHANT, na-hant' (Ind.), at the point. NASHUA, nash'u-ah (Ind.), between (the rivers). NAUGATUCK, naw'ga-tuk (Ind.), fork of the rivers; point between two rivers. NEBRASKA, ne-bras'kah (Ind.), water valley; shallow river. NEPISSING, nep'is-sing (Ind.), at the small lake. NESHOTAH, nesh-o'tah (Ind.), twins (the Two Rivers," Wisconsin). NEVERSINK, nev'er-sink (Ind.), high land between waters. NEWFOUNDLAND, nu-fund-land, named by its discoverer, John Cabot, in 1497, first applied to all the territory discovered by him, but afterward restricted to the island to which it is now applied. NEW HAMPSHIRE, nu-hamp'sheer, named after the county of Hampshire in England. NEW JERSEY, nu-jer'ze, named in honor of Sir James Carteret, an inhabitant of the isle of Jersey. NEW YORK, nu york, named after Duke of York, afterwards James II. NIAGARA, ni-ag'a-rah (Ind.), neck of water; connecting Lake Erie with Lake Ontario. NORRIDGEWOCK, nor'rij-wok (Ind.), place of deer. NORTH RIVER, north river (i. e., the Hudson at New York), so called in distinction from the Delaware, which was styled the South River. NORWALK, nor'wawk (Ind.), the middle land (a tract between two rivers). NOVA SCOTIA, no'va-sko'she-ah (Lat.), New Scotland, 4 OCHMULGEE, ok-mul'ge (Ind.), the rivers, the water-courses. OCONEE, o-ko'ne (Ind.), watercourse; small river. OHIO, o-hi'o (Ind.), beautiful. ONEIDA, o-nı'dah (Ind.), people of the beacon stone. ONONDAGA, on-un-daw'gah (Ind.), place of the hills. ONTARIO, on-te're-o (Ind), from Onontee, "a village on a mountain," the chief seat of the Onondagas. OREGON, or'e-gn, named by Carver Oregon or Oregan; i. e., River of the West. [snake. ORINOCO, o're-no"ko (Ind.), coiling OSAGE, o-saj (Ind.), the strong. OSSIPEE, os'se-pe (Ind.), stony river. OSWEGO, os-we'go, the Onondaga name for Lake Ontario. OTTAWA, ot'tah-wah (Ind.), traders. OWASCO, o-wos'ko (Ind.), a bridge. PASSAIC, pas-sa'ik (Ind.), valley. PASSAMAQUODDY, pas'sah-mahquod'de (Ind.), great place for pollock. PASSUMPSIC pas-sum'sik, (Ind.), much clear river. PAWCATUCK, paw'ka-tuk (Ind.), clear river. PAWTUCKET, paw-tuk'et (Ind.) at the falls. PAWTUXET, paw-tuks'et (Ind.), at the little falls. PEMIGEWASSET, pem'e-je-wos"set (Ind.), crooked place of pines. PENNSYLVANIA, pen'sil-va"ne-ah, Penn's woods (Lat. Sylva, a wood), named after William Penn, who settled the country in 1681. PENOBSCOT, pe-nob'scot, at the rock, rock land; applied originally to a place near Castine-near the river. PHILADELPHIA, fil-a-del'fe-ah (Gr.), city of brotherly love. PISCATAQUA, pis-kat'ah-kwah (Ind.), great deer river. POTOMAC, po-to'mak (Ind.), place of the burning pine, resembling a council-fire. POUGHKEEPSIE, po-kip'se (Ind.), shallow inlet, safe harbor for small boats. PRAIRIE DU CHIEN, pra're doo sheen (Fr.), dog prairie. PRESQUE ISLE, presk'eel (Fr.), "peninsula." AMERICAN GEOGRAPHICAJ. NAMES. QUEBEC, kwe-bek', an Algonquin QUINNIPIAC, kwin'ne-pe-ak (Ind.), RAPIDAN, rap-id-an', or Rapid Ann, said to have been named in honor. of Queen Anne. RAPPAHANNOCK, rap-pa-han'nok (Ind.), river of quick water. rising RHODE ISLAND, rode i'land, named ROANOKE, ro-ah-nok' (Ind.), equiv- sag-ah-dah-hok' SAN DOMINGO, sàn do-ming'go (Sp.), Holy Sabbath. SAN FRANCISCO, san fran-sis'ko SAN JOSE, sàn ho-sà', St. Joseph. Paul. SAN SALVADOR, (Sp.), Holy Saviour. sànsal-và dor SCHOODIC, skoo'dik (Ind.), burnt SENECA, sen'e-kah, a corrupt In- tal-lah-poo'sah (Ind.), TALLAHASSEE, tal-lah-has'se (Ind.), TOLEDO, to-le'do (Lat. Toledum), SANTA BARBARA, sàn’tah bar bà-|TORONTO, to-ronto (Ind.), an Iro rah (Sp.), St. Barbara. SARANAC, sar-an-nack' (Ind.), river sas-katsh'eh wan (Ind.), swift current. SCHENECTADY, ske-nek'tah-de (Ind.), river valley beyond or through the pine trees. SCHOHARIE, sko-har're (Ind.), 80 named from a tributary which throws out its waters so forcibly as to cross the main stream, quois term denoting oak trees rising from the lake. TORTUGAS, tor-too'gahs (Sp.), the "tortoises." UMBAGOG, um-bă'gog (Ind.), clear lake, shallow. VANCOUVER ISLAND, van-coo'ver i'land, named after Vancouver, who visited the island in 1792. VERMONT, ver-mont', from Fr. verd. green; mont, mountain; green mountains. VIRGINIA, vir-gin'e-ah, named in honor of Queen Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen, in whose reign Sir Walter Raleigh made the first attempt to colonize this region. WABASH, waw'bash (Ind.), a cloud blown forward by an equinoctial wind, POPULAR AMERICAN SOUBRIQUETS. WACHUSETT, wah-choo'set (Ind.), the mountain. WASHINGTON,wosh'ing-tun, named after George Washington, the first president of the United States. WASHITA, wosh'e-taw (Ind.), male deer. WETUMPKA, we-tum'kah (Ind.), waterfall, tumbling water. WINONA, we-no'nah (Ind.), first-born daughter. [bid water. WINNIPEG. win'ne-peg (Ind.), turWINNIPISIOGEE, win-ne-pis-sok ke (Ind.), end of the beautiful lake; otherwise, beautiful lake of the high land. WINOOSKI, we-noos'ke (Ind.), beautiful stone river. WISCASSET, wis-kass'et (Ind.), place of yellow pine. WISCONSIN, wis-kon'sin, wild rushing channel. YUCATAN, yoo-kah-tan', from the Ind. juca tan, "What do you say?" a name given by the Spaniards from the answer returned by the natives to an inquiry concerning the name of the country. a name ACADIA, the original, and now the poetic, name of Nova Scotia. ATHENS OF AMERICA, sometimes given to Boston, Mass. BADGER STATE, a name popularly given to the State of Wisconsin. BAY STATE, a popular name of Massachusetts, which was originally called the Colony of Massachusetts Bay. BAYOU STATE, a name sometimes given to the State of Mississippi, which abounds in bayous, or creeks. BEAR STATE, a name by which the State of Arkansas is sometimes designated, on account of the number of bears that infest its for ests. BLUE HEN, THE, a cant or popular name for the State of Delaware. BUCKEYE STATE, the State of Ohio; popularly so called from the Buckeye tree, which abounds there. CITY OF BROTHERLY LOVE; Philade.phia is sometimes so called, this being the literal signification of the name. CITY OF CHURCHES, a name popularly given to the City of Brooklyn, N. Y., from the unusually large number of churches which it contains CITY OF ELMS, a familiar denomination of New Haven, Conn., many of the streets of which are thickly shaded with lofty elms. CITY OF MAGNIFICENT DISTANCES, a popular designation given to the city of Washington, the capital of the United States, which is laid out on a very large scale. CITY OF NOTIONS, a popular name for Boston. CITY OF ROCKS, a descriptive name popularly given to the city of Nashville, Tenn. CITY OF SPINDLES, a name popularly given to the city of Lowell, Mass., the largest cotton-manufac turing town in the United States. CITY OF THE STRAITS, a name |