REPRIEVE, power of, not included in power to pardon, 116 n. guaranty of, by United States to the States, 17, 33. maxims of, do not constitute limitations on legislative power, 169, 170. of amended statutes under certain State constitutions, 151, 152. under United States Constitution in the States and people, 19. parties and privies estopped by judgments, 48. force of judgment does not depend on reasons assigned, 49. parties and privies not bound in new controversy, 49. RESIDENCE, gives jurisdiction in divorce suits, 400, 401. but not unless bona fide, 401. as affecting right to impose personal taxes, 499. of voters, what constitutes, 599, 600. RESTRICTIONS, in United States Constitution on powers of the States, 15, 16, 18. on powers of legislature, (See LEGISLATURES OF THE STATES.) RESUMPTION OF GRANTS, by the States are forbidden, 274, 275. RETROSPECTIVE LEGISLATION, when admissible generally, 369 - 383. cannot revive demands which are barred, 369. nor create a demand where none ever equitably existed, 369. may take away defences based on informalities, 370. may cure irregularities in legal proceedings, 371. or in corporate action, &c. 371, 373. what defects can and what cannot be covered by, 371. or other imperfect contracts, 374, 376. or invalid deeds, 376-378. may take away defence of usury, 375. bona fide purchasers not to be affected by, 378. may legalize municipal subscriptions, 224, 379. pendency of suit does not affect power to pass, 381. cannot make good what the legislature could not originally have RETROSPECTIVE LEGISLATION,—Continued. forbidden in some States, 370 and notes. statutes generally construed to operate prospectively, 370. REVENUE, in some States bills for, to originate with lower house, 131, 132. REVISION, (See TAXATION.) of State constitutions, 30-37. of statutes, (See STATUTES.) REVOLUTION, AMERICAN, powers of the Crown and Parliament over Colonies before, 5, 6. division of powers of government at time of, 6 n. RHODE ISLAND, ratification of constitution by, 8, 9. impeachment of judges of, 26 n. charter government, 26 n., 30 n. privilege of members of legislature from arrest, 134 n. protection by law of the land, 352 n. liberty of the press in, 414 n. periodical valuation of property, 496. appropriation of private property for, 533. appropriation of materials for constructing, 526. appropriation of, for railroads, &c. 545-557. (See EMINENT DOMAIN.) regulation of use of, by States, 588. action for exclusion from, 543 n. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION, (See CONSTRUCTION OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS.) RULES OF EVIDENCE, power of the legislature to change, 288, 367 369. (See EVIDENCE.) - are under the control of the legislature, 130–136. SABBATH, (See LEGISLATURES OF THE STATES.) S. laws for observance of, 476, 596. SALE OF LANDS, of incompetent persons, &c. special legislative authority for, 97 – 106. propriety of judicial action in such cases, 97. SCHOOL-HOUSES, exercise of right of eminent domain for sites for, 533. (See SEARCHES AND SEIZURES.) SEARCHES AND SEIZURES, the maxim that every man's house is his castle, 22, 299. history of general warrants in England, 300 n. SECRECY, only granted after a showing of cause on oath, 304. should be served in daytime, 305. must be directed to proper officer, 305. must command accused party and property, &c. to be brought cannot give discretionary power to ministerial officer, 305. not allowed to obtain evidence of intended crime, 305. cases in which they are permissible, 305–307. not to seize correspondence, 307 n. for libels, illegal at common law, 307 n. inviolability of, in correspondence, 307 n. privilege of, as between counsel and client, 334. SEDITION LAW, passage of, and prosecutions under, 427, 428. SERMONS, privilege of criticism of, 441. SERVANT, control of, by master, 341. SERVICES, laws requiring, without compensation, strictly construed, 393. to influence legislation cannot be contracted for, 136 n. of child, right of father to, 340. SERVITUDE, SIDEWALKS, (See SLAVERY.) owners of lots may be compelled to build under police power, 588. by officers of legislature, 151. by the governor, 153, 154. SLANDER, general rules of liability for, 422–424. (See LIBERTY OF SPEECH AND OF THE PRESS.) SLAVERY, former state of, in England, 295. causes of its disappearance, 296-298. in Scotland, 298, 299. in America, 299. servitude in punishment of crime, 299. SOLDIERS, quartering of, in private houses prohibited, 308. municipal bounties to, 219–229. military suffrage laws, 599. jealousy of standing armies, 350. SOUTH CAROLINA, title of acts to express the object, 142 n. revenue bills to originate in lower house, 132 n. protection by law of the land, 352 n. liberty of the press in, 417. exclusion of religious teachers from office, 468. SOVEREIGN STATE, what it is, 1. American States not strictly such, 6-9. SOVEREIGNTY, definition of, 1. territorial and other limits of, 2. in America, rests in people, 28, 598. division of powers of in American system, 2. SOVEREIGNTY,-Continued. legislature not to bargain away, 125–127 and n., 280 - 284. (See ELECTIONS.) SPECIAL JURISDICTION, courts of, 406. SPECIAL LAWS, forbidden in certain States where general can be made applicable, 110, 111 n., 128, 129 n. due process of law does not always forbid, 389-397. for sale of lands, &c. 97 - 106. SPECIAL PRIVILEGES, strict construction of, 389-397. SPECIAL SESSIONS OF LEGISLATURE, calling of, by the governor, 132, 155. SPEECHES, of legislators, publication of, 457-460. upon public highways, regulation of, 588, 589, 594. right of accused parties to, 311. SPIRIT OF THE CONSTITUTION, must be found in the words employed, 72, 73. STALLIONS, prohibition of standing of, in public places, 596. STAMP, defence to contract based on the want of, may be taken away, 378. jealousy of, 350. STANDING MUTE, of accused party, proceeding in case of, 311. STAR CHAMBER, court of, 342. STATE, definition of, 1. sovereign, what is, 1. limits to jurisdiction of, 2. STATES OF THE UNION, in what sense sovereign, 6. suits between, in Federal courts, 11. |