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Mr. McKinley's saying that the country wanted neither cheap money nor cheap labour is much quoted; but the talismanic phrase that will echo through the States until polling day is still to seek. Dr. Albert Shaw, writing a week ago, says :

It is evident that the mere names "Democrat" and "Republican" have lost all their charm for the working men. They will vote this year in accordance with their view as to the net balance of advantage for themselves and their own class. If the eminent politicians of the Democratic party were absent from the Bryan meeting, it is true on the other hand that the leaders of trades-unionism and organised labour were present on that occasion. The Chicago platform demands an income tax, criticises the Supreme Court for its income-tax decision, condemns the employment of Federal troops at the great Chicago railway strikes, and spurns the innovation known as "government by injunction" through Federal judges. It is that part of the Chicago platform which we may term its Altgeldism and Debsism that has won the allegiance of the Eastern labour leaders, rather than the part which we may call its Blandism and Harveyism. It certainly can do no harm to have it known that, at this stage of the campaign, there is no evidence that the working men of New York, who constitute the larger half of the voters, are opposed to Bryan and the Chicago ticket. In our judgment the New York working men soon after the Chicago convention were strongly inclined to support Mr. Bryan and espouse free silver, in a pretty solid mass. It would also seem evident, however, as the campaign proceeds, that the working men of the East are entirely open to conviction on the money question, and are eager to get at the truth. How they will vote in November remains to be seen.

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There are many who will vote for Mr. Enthusiasm Bryan not because they care either for of the Free Silver or for Free Combination, but Silvermen. merely in order to burst up from below party organisations that have become corrupt and have ceased to have any real raison d'être. As for the dangers predicted from the election of Mr. Bryan, they shrug their shoulders. The American Constitution, they say, was framed in order to neutralise in advance the freaks of the electors. If Mr. Bryan were elected, what could he do? Ramp round like a bull in a ring-fence, and that would be all. And so it may happen that the Party of all the Money, and all the Respectability, and no small portion of the Rascality of the Union, may get defeated. The extreme heat of August, which conHot Wave tinued from early in the month to about the 17th, was for a large portion of the United States the most trying and disastrous experience of a climatic sort with which the country has been visited in our generation. The death-rate in the large cities increased alarmingly, and for some days in New York it ran up from the normal rate of 20 per 1,000 per annum to nearly 50 per 1,000. Many hundreds of people died in New York City alone from sunstroke and heat prostration, while thousands of others were more or less seriously affected. Hundreds of horses fell dead in the

The

of August.

streets, and the ordinary municipal means for the removal of such animals totally failed. In the intense glare of the sun, which at the pavement level must have brought the thermometer to a point well above 120 degrees, the decomposition of dead horses proceeded with terrific rapidity; and inasmuch as two or three days elapsed in scores or hundreds of instances before the removal could be effected, the serious nature of the nuisance can be better imagined than described. Public or quasi-public milk stations were kept open all night during the heated term, and it became possible to procure sterilised and perfectly healthy milk, fresh and of normal richness, for the needs of tenement-house children. All departments of the city government, with the earnest approval of Mayor Strong, united in doing everything possible for the comfort of the masses.

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The park department, contrary to its ordinary rules, threw the parks and public squares open at night, so that many thousands who were unable to endure the stifling heat of their overcrowded tenements found comfort in sleeping on the grass in the open air. The city appropriated some thousands of dollars, at the height of the distress, for the purchase of ice to be distributed freely by direction of President Roosevelt of the Police Board. Meanwhile, the World was managing a Free Ice Fund which was of the highest utility. The water department adopted the plan of flooding the streets and gutters in the tenement house districts with great streams of fresh, cool Croton water, and hundreds of men and women, not to mention thousands of children, literally laid down in the streets to enjoy the refreshing stream that flowed from the hydrants. This policy was in marked contrast to that which the water companies of the East of London have been enforcing this season.

EVENTS OF THE MONTH.

Aug. 1. A dynamite bomb was exploded on the tomb of M. Stamboloff in Sofia.

A statue to Burns's Highland Mary was unveile by Lady Kelvin at Dunoon.

Report of a defeat of the Cuban rebels.

The first electric tramway in Egypt began operations in Cairo.

2. Lisbon in darkness because of a strike at the gasworks.

Christian houses broken into in Heraklion.

Eight hundred Cretan refugees arrived in Athens. Colonel Plumer's columu made a successful attack upon the rebels.

3. Moore Brothers' failure caused the closing of the Chicago Stock Exchange.

Turks defeated near Elassona.

4. Li Hung Chang had an interview with Lord Salisbury.

The International Homoeopathic Congress openel in Queen's Hall.

The International Psychological Congress opened in Munich University.

The first train of Trans-Siberian Railway reached Tomsk.

Lord Cromer gave evidence before the Indian Finance Commission.

A fatal colliery explosion occurred near Neath, South Wales.

Mgr. Izmirlian, the Armenian Patriarch, resigned.

5 Li Hung Chang visite the Queen at Osborne. Taxation riots occurred in Valencia.

A silver commemorative medal, by order of the Queen, is to be struck for the humane

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inhabitants of Ushant.

In accordance with the decision of the Portuguese Government, the British Government acknowledged the right of Brazil to the Island of Trinidad.

Colonel Plumer's column defeated five rebel impis.

6. Major Lothaire again acquitted of the charge of the murder of Mr. Stokes.

Mr. Chamberlain received a deputation from the Congress of Chambers of Commerce touching the Colific tion of British Commercial Law.

7. Li Hung Chang entertained by the China Association.

A deputation from East London called on Mr. Chaplin respecting the scarcity of water in that district.

8. Li Hung Chang placed a wreath upon the Gordon Statue, Trafalgar Square, and another upon his tomb in St. l'aul's.

SIR HORACE RUMBOLD, Appointed Ambassador at Vienna. (Photograph by S. Jacobsson, Stockholm:)

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Li Hung Chang received a deputation from the
British and Foreign Arbitration Association.

13. Dr. Nansen arrived at Vardo.

15. The French Consul and the Russian Commander instructed to protect all Cretan Christians. Lord Salisbury was installed as Lord Warden of the Cinque l'orts.

Li Hung Chang received at Hawarden by Mr.
Gladstone.

16. Eight Greek officers, twenty non-commissioned
officers, and 800 volunteers sta. ted for C: ete.
A monument was unveiled at Châlons-sur-Marne
to the memory of President Carnot.
Spanish Troops for service in Cuba, selected by
lot in Madrid.

17. Sir Edmund Monson appointel Ambassador at Paris, and Sir Horace Rumbold at Vienna. Riots occurred in Belfast.

The Christian Deputies had an unsatisfactory interview with Zibni l'asha.

All the Troops reported through the most diffi

cult rapid of the Nile.

The Queen appointed Li Hung Chang an
Honorary Knight Grand Cross.

18. A Festival celebrating the 60th year of Her Majesty's Reign opened at Rison.

The betrothal of the Prince of Naples to Princess
Helen of Montenegro announce 1.

A Deputation called upon the Lord-Lieutenant
at Dublin Castle praying for the Introduction
of Manual Training into the Irish National
Schools.

Baron von Zedtwitz accidentally killed by the
German Emperor's yacht Meteor.

19. The Boilermakers at Chiswick again struck work.

A Cessation of Hostilities pending surrender of the Rebels in Matoppos ordered by General Carrington.

20. Dominion Parliament opened in Ottawa.

The Congress of the American Bar Association
opened at Saratoga, New York.

John Daly, the Dynamitard, released from
Prison.

21. A Conspiracy in the Philippine Islands to secure their Independence reported in Madrid. Belgian police refused to allow Mr. Ben Tillett to take any part in the agitation of the Dockers.

22. Li Hung Chang sailed from Southampton for New York.

Major Coventry was released from Holloway
Gaol.

The International Copyright Congress opened at
Berne.

22. The Matoppo Indunas surrendered to Mr. Rhodes.

Mr. Hoke Smith, Secretary of the Interior at
Washington, resigued.

A new scheme of Reforms sent to the Porte by
the Ambassadors.

24. Christians besieged the Turkish Troops at Kasteli.

One hundrel and fourteen officers and men at
Aldershot re.civel medals from the Queen for
Service in Ashanti.

25. An Exhibition of Foreigu Gools now displacing British manufactures opened at the Londoa Chamber of Commerce.

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27.

Hamid bin Thwain, Sultan of Zanzibar, diel, and Said Khalit seized the palace and proclaimed himself Sultau.

The River Steamers

Kosheh.

with troops reached

Serious Riot in Constantinople; appalling massacres of Armenians, 2,000 killed.

Italians in Rio de Janeiro were attacked by Mobs.

Mr. William C. Green appointed British Agent in the South African Republic.

Tsar and Tsaritsa arrived in Vienna.
Said Khalil having refused to comply with
British Ultimatum, the palace was bombarde!
and the Usurper overthrown, and Hamud bin
Mahomed appointed Sultan.

Sir C. Tupper and Sir Mackenzie Bowell chosen leaders of the Canadian Opposition Conservative Party.

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SIR EDMUND MONSON,
Appointed Ambassador at Paris.

(Photograph by Bassano, Old Bond Street.)

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PARLIAMENTARY.

HOUSE OF LORDS.

4. Second Reading of the Finance Bill, the Naval Reserve Bill, and the Truck Bill.

The Labourers (Ireland) Bill, the Railways (Ireland) Bi.l, and the Conciliation (Trade Disputes) Bill passed through Committee. 7. Third Reading of the Conciliation (Trade Disputes) Bill.

Discussion in Committee on the
Land Law (Ireland) Bill, by
Lords Lansdowne, Templetown,
Indonderry, Inchiquin, Dun-
raven, the Duke of Devonshire,
and others.

The Royal Assent was given by
Commission to the Conciliation
(Tra le Disputes) Bill, the
Finance Bill, and many other
Bills.

Discussion of the Land Law (Ireland) Bill resumed by Loris Lansdowne, Clonbrock, Londonderry, Castletown, and others. Bill passed through Committee 10. Third Reading of the Labourers (Ireland) Bill.

The House went into Committee
on the Light Railways Bill.
After some discussion the Bill
was read a second time.
Lord Lansdowne's amendment to
Clause 1 of the Laud Law (Ire-
land) Bill agreed to, after dis-
cussion by Lord Spencer, Lord
Londonderry, and others. Bill

read a third time.

11. Third Read ng of the Light R il-
ways Bill and the Public Health
(Ireland) Bill.

Second Reading of the Agricul-
tural Rates, Congested Districts,
and Burgh Land Tax Relief

(Scotland) Bill, the Telegraph Money Bill,
the Local Taxation (Ireland) Estate Duty
Bill, the Expiring Laws Continuance Bill,
and the Public Works Loans Bill.

12. The Lan Law (Ireland) Bill was received with Amendments from the other House.

13. The Commons Amendment to the City and South London Railway Bill to preserve the church of St. Mary Wooluoth agreed to. Third Reading of the Uganda Railway Bill, the Expiring Laws Continuance Bill, the Public Works Loans Bill, the Telegraph Money Bill, and the Local Taxation (Ireland) Estate Duty Bill.

Discussion of the Commons' Amendments to the Lords' Amendments in the Land Law (Ireland) Bill by Lord Lansdowne, Lord Londonderry, and others.

Agree i not to insist on their Amendment to the Labourers (Ireland) Bill, which the Commons objected to.

14. The Consolidated Fund (Appropriation) Bill passed through all its stages.

Third Reading of the West Highland Railway
Guarantee Bill, and the Agricultural Rates,

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3. Consideration in Committee of the Agricultural Rates, Congested Districts, and Burgh Lan1Tax Relief (Scotland) Bi 1.

4. In Committee on the Scotch Rating Bill. Af.er prolonged discussion, Clause 1 carried by 172 to 74.

5. Consideration of the Scotch Agricultural Rating Bill resume 1 in Committee. Clauses 4 and 5, after long discussion, agreed to, and Bill reported to the House.

The Stationery Vote agree I to.

6. Third Reading of the Dublin Corporation Bill. Motion to omit Clause 1 of the Agricultural Rates, Congested Districts, and Burgh Land Tax Relief (Scotland) Bill negativel by 137 to 58. Clause 5 carried by 131 to 52. Motion that Bill should be read that day three months negatived by 124 to 45. Bill real a third time.

7. On the Vote for Ordnance Factories, Captain Norton moved to reduce the Vote. Motion negatived by 145 to 57. Vote agreed to. Numerous minor Votes agreed to.

Mr. Lloyd-George moved a Resolution declaring that this House disapproved of the regulations

made by the Local Government Board under the provisions of the Agricultural Rates Act, 1896. Discussion by Sir W. Harcourt, Mr. Chaplin and others. Resolution with frawn. First reading of a Bill to make further provisin for the relief of the destitute poor in Ireland. 8. Third Reading of the Local Taxation (Ireland) Estate Duty Bill, Public Works Loan Bill, the Expiring Laws Continuance Bill, and the Telegraph Money Bill.

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Vote for Public E fucation in Scotland passelin Committee of Supply.

On the Vote for the Local Government Board, Mr. Hazell's motion for reduction withdrawn, Dr. Clark's motion for reduction negatived by 146 to 42, and Vote agree! to. Numerous other Votes agreed to.

Third Reading of the West Highland Railway Guarantee Bill, the Larceny

Bill, and the Baths and Washhouses Bill.

11. The Resolution relating to the Vote for the Island of Cyprus carried by 142 to 38 after some discussion.

Resolution relating to the Colonial
Vote, and other resolutions
agreed to.

Third Reading of the Quarter
Sessions (London) BIL.

The Select Committee on British
South Africa nominated.

12. The Lords' Amendments to the
City and South London Railway
Bill considered.

The Lords' Amendments to the
Land Law (Ireland) B.ll con-
sidered. After several alters-
tions a Committee was appointed
to draw up reasons for disagree-
ing with the Lords.
Second Reading of the Consolidated
Fund (Appropriation) Bill, after
discussion by Mr. Carz, Mr.
Mouk, Sir H. Havel ck-Allan,
Mr. Balfour, and others.
The Labourers (Ireland) Bill as
amended by the Lords was con-
sidered. Also the Light Rail-
ways Bill

13. Mr. J. O'Connor moved that the
Lords' Amendments to the
Dublin Corporation Eill be co-
sidered that day two months
Motion carried by 65 to 62, and
the Bill was therefore lost.
Upon the Motion for going into
Committee on the East India
Revenue Accounts, Lord G.
Hamilton made the Annual
Statement regarding the fauces
of India.

The Indian Budget agree I to.
The Lords' Amendments to the
Commons' Amendments to the
Land Law (Ireland) Bill agreed

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Third Reading of the Poor Law Officers' Superannuation Bill al the Law Agents (Sect'and) Act. 14. Third Reading of the Consoli latel Funds (Appropriat on) Bill.

The Queen's Speech read by the Speaker.

3. The Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, at Hawarden, on Rural Life.

Michael Davitt, M.P., at Dublin, on the Coming Irish Convention.

Sir J. Gordon Sprigg, at East London, South

Li Hung Chang, at Hôtel Metropole, on China

Sir John Gorst, at Cambridge, on University Extension.

Mr. Bryan, in New York, on the Democratic Political Platform.

Lord Salisbury an1 Lord Dufferin, at Dover,

upon the Lord Wardens of the Cinque l'orts Li Hung Chang, at Barrow, on the need of prs.~ tical work in China.

Mr. Davitt, at Castleisland, on the Land Att. Mr. T. M. Healy, at Dublin, on the Land Act and on the "Convention of the Irish Rae." Mr Hodgson Pratt, at the Crystal Palace, on the Work of the Labour Association.

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OBITUARY.

Aug. 1. Sir Wm. Grove, 85.

2. Justice Calvin E. Pratt, Supreme Court of New York, 68.

4. Mrs.

Bertha Lewis, philan

thropist, 64.

5. Lieut.-General Sir W. K. Elles,

59.

6. Major-General

Tucker, 88.

8. The Earl of Limerick, 56. John C. Blackett, 83.

10. Emily, Lady Tennyson, 83.

12. Lieut.-General Sir H. B. Lumsden, 75.

Samuel Hickling Parkes.

13. Sir John Millais, President of the Royal Academy, 67. Canon Chas. G. Curtis.

15. Rev. Patrick Duggan, Roman Catholic Bishop of Clonfert, 83.

16. Lieut.-Colonel Justin C. Ross, engineer, 54.

19. Jusiah D Whitney, Harvard Professor of Geology, 77.

Miss Georgiana E. Ormerod, entomologist.

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W

HUMBERT I., 7HATEVER doubts may be cast on the policy that has impelled us forward along the path of conquest in the Soudan, there can be no gainsaying the fact that the course of events during the last quarter of a century, independently of the recent Kassala incident, has thrown the destinies of Great Britain and Italy into closer touch. Between the two nations there is undoubtedly a deep community of sentiment, partly because we in the making of England have had to encounter and surmount parallel difficulties, partly because the enterprise, courage, and love of freedom of the Italians have ever aroused responsive chords in our breasts; and, last but not least, because while they admire the energy, the rugged and steady perseverance and practical commercial spirit engendered 'neath our cold grey skies, we are perforce bound to accord a similar

tribute of admiration for the chivalrous and poetic temperament and cultured genius born of their more genial climes. Moreover, Italy has never forgotten and never will forget the cordial encouragement shown by Mr. Gladstone and England generally to the development of Italian unity. It is fitting, therefore, that two nations whose

KING OF ITALY.

ing Italian patriots there certainly flowed in Humbert's veins the blood of his country's detested oppressors. But such memories, if they really ever existed, have vanished as completely as the obnoxious white tunics have disappeared from the Quadrilateral. The Princess was

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a model wife and mother, and of charming disposition, and herself watched over the education of her children with the most unfaltering devotion. She was always present at their lessons, meals, and even in their moments of recreation, and never failed to instil in them the necessity of loyally acting up to the family motto, "Fear and Savoy have never met." Unfortunately her invaluable influence and guidance were removed by early death, and at eleven years of age, Humbert, together with his brother Amadeus, had to be brought up by strangers, their father being at that time engrossed with the vital problem of national unification. Victor Emmanuel had, however, contrived, even in the midst of their literary avocations, to inspire his sons with the noble aims of Italy's freedom, and their initiation into military and political life only quickened their desire to aid in their country's task. At the age of fifteen young Humbert followed his father into the battlefield, and a few years afterwards, in 1862, took a prominent share in the reorganisation of the kingdom of the two Sicilies, and in the festivities at Naples and Palermo, where the unity of the nation was joyfully celebrated. In 1866, before the outbreak of the AustroItalian war, the young Prince was sent to Paris, charged with the mission of endeavouring to sound the Emperor as to the attitude of France in the forthcoming struggle. The result was unfavourable so far as Italy was concerned; but the same year bore witness to young Humbert's mettle on the battlefield of Custozza, where he and his brother gave signal proof of personal bravery.

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KING HUMBERT OF ITALY.

(Photograph by Montabone, Florence.)

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