breakfast. At twenty minutes to nine the principal warder came to take me to chapel. I created a great scandal once by whistling on the stairs-a thing unheard of in the precincts. The face of the warder who heard it was a study. He was an old man-of-war's man, who had served his twenty-one years and earned his pension. He had stood by his great gun as Admiral Hornby ploughed his way through the Dardanelles in that iamous January night when the Russians were advancing on Constantinople. He had been invalided home from Cyprus with fever, and had served on the Australian, East Indian, and American stations; but the scandalous phenomenon of a prisoner dancing down the stairs and whistling for sheer lightness of heart was something so unprecedented as almost to upset his equanimity. "Hush," said my guardian, "I have not heard so much whistling in the gaol all the years I have been here!"

CHAPEL AT HOLLOWAY.

What

There

I enjoyed chapel immensely at Holloway. "Best attended place of worship in Holloway," said one of my warders, and no congregation takes more vigorous part in the services. I was up in the chief warder's pew, on a line with the good chaplain Plaford, and used to peer down through the red curtains upon the well-filled chapel, and imagine how much worse I was than all the poor fellows below. Some mere boys were there, whose appearance touched me much. The prisoners in appearance are as respectable-looking as members of Parliament. Some of course are worse, but some are better. struck me most was the absence of old men. were not half a dozen grey heads in all the congregation. The way in which they joined in the responses was an example to the Abbey and the Cathedral, especially in the Litany, which we had twice a week. The exemplary fashion in which they recited the Creed was most surprising. They went through it with the precision of machines. And didn't they sing! Contrasted with the miserable mockery of the dead-alive drone at Coldbath, the service at Holloway was full of sweetness and light. All of us that could read brought our hymn-books and Prayer-books, and there was nothing that was more humanising and more pleasant than the twenty minutes' service in gaol. The chaplain, Mr. Plaford, a sincere, strenuous Evangelical, with a famous voice and a kind heart, I liked very much; but I wanted to throw a hymn-book at his head once. It was Christmas morning when he said no one there could be touched by any appeal to their love for wife or children: that must all have been trampled under foot long ago, or they would never have found themselves in gaol on Christmas Day. Apart from my own case, this seemed scandalously unjust. Many a man finds himself in gaol, not because he has trampled under foot his domestic affections, but because they have tempted him into crime. good chaplain would be all the better if he were to read once in a way, not merely the Gospel according to St. Matthew and St. Mark, but also the Gospel according to Victor Hugo, in "Les Misérables” and “L'Homme qui Rit." If I had been down below I could not have helped speaking up for my ma'es, and I could not help wondering what would have happened. Christmas Day on bread and water in a dark cell for brawling in church, mayhap. But it would have been worth while once in a way; and although it would have grieved the good chaplain, I think it would have done him good. He was librarian also of a well-assorted library of some two or three thousand books, and, although he lamented in the pulpit the taste of his readers for fiction, he did not deny

The

them the enjoyment which he condemned. My suretyservant told me he was reading" poor Robinson Crusoe," and the sympathetic tone in which he referred to Defoe's hero was very impressive. What a gift a man leaves the world who writes a good book!

THE DAILY ROUND.

Letters arrived about half-past ten. At eleven I went out for exercise and fed my birds. At one came dinner from the Holloway Castle Tavern; from two to five, visitors; at five, tea. The bell rang for bedtime at twenty minutes past eight. At half-past the warder shuffled round in list slippers, and peered through the peephole in the door to see if we had gone to bed. The gas was turned down from the outside, according to regulations, but as I turned my gas down myself inside, before the warder's round, the outside tap was not interfered with. Thus when, as often happened, I woke at two, three, or four in the morning and could not sleep, I could get up and write. As a rule, I slept well, but nine hours in bed was sometimes more than I could manage. When at last the time came to leave, I was quite melancholy at the prospect. I always cling to places and people so much that there is a great laceration of tendrils and fibres whenever I am transplanted. My book was not finished, and I should never have the same quiet again--not, at least, until my next imprisonment; and then, perchance, my sentence may have to be worked out on much less happy conditions. Happier they could not be. From the day I received notice that in consideration of certain circumstances not specified, but not very difficult to imagine, Her Majesty had been pleased to grant me a pardon conditional on my conforming to the rules and regulations laid down for the guidance of a misdemeanant of the first division, my position was almost ideal. My only regret was that I could not share some of the gladness and peace which made hard work restful with those who were left in the hurly-burly outside. I have ever been the spoiled child of fortune, but never had I a happier lot than the two months I spent in happy Holloway.

THE RAIDERS IN GAOL.

So far my own experience, which will no doubt be welcome information to many of the Raiders' friends now in Holloway. There were six of them committed, but there are only five now in gaol. Major Coventry, who was badly wounded, has been released. The medical evidence showed that he would certainly have died had he remained in imprisonment; he was therefore released in order to save his life. The other four remain. Two of them occupy double cells similar to those which I occupied during my sojourn in happy Holloway-the other two have ordinary single cells. All are furnished according to their own taste, and all of them are of course well supplied with books, writing materials, etc. They are allowed to have as much correspondence as they please; they are, however, limited by the order of the visiting justices to only two visitors per week. Those only are permitted to come whom the prisoners wish to Dr. Jameson, I am sorry to say, has manifested a disposition to prefer the life of a recluse during the period of his imprisonment. He has hitherto refused to see any one but his solicitor. Sir John Willoughby is also living very much alone. The other two receive plenty

see.

of visitors. The only point in which the condition of Dr. Jameson and his officers differs from that which I experienced is in that they are allowed to take exercise in company. From half-past ten o'clock to half-past twelve, and from half-past two to well on to five, the firstclass misdemeanants are allowed to take exercise together. It is a great privilege, and a great relief from the monotony of the prison cells. Notwithstanding this privilege, a privilege which has seldom been extended to any other first-class misdemeanants, they must remain locked up in their cells alone for fourteen hours every day; of these more than half are spent in sleep.

The attention of the country has been directed to prison discipline somewhat forcibly in the last month by the release of Daly, Gallagher, and other dynamite convicts who have served long terms in Portland. Two of them who have been released have shown frequent signs of insanity, and there is little reason to doubt that the treatment to which they have been subjected has driven them mad. There is, of course, the usual outcry on the part of the highflying Tories who object to any clemency being shown to political prisoners. Sir Matthew White Ridley, however, must be congratulated on the courage with which he has dared to do what is his plain duty under the circumstances.

was to be found in London he has been left to himself. Sir John Willoughby is said to be engaged writing an article for one of the periodicals on prison discipline. He is much impressed by the effects which convict discipline. must have upon the character of those subjected thereto. This is good news, and it would be well if all the prisoners were to carefully make notes, and let us have their reflections directly they come out.

[Elliott and Fry.

It is painful to any humane man to read some of the utter

an

ances in our public prints on this subject. The Spectator, which in old times maintained honourable reputation for philanthropy and benevolence, might at least have spared us its cynical defence of a system under which prisoners of nervous disposition are certain to be driven mad. But if so, surely it would be better and more humane to condemn prisoners of a nervous disposition to be hanged outright, instead of torturing them slowly to a madman's grave. If Sir M. White Ridley makes inquiry, he will find others besides dynamitards who are being driven mad at Portland. Dr. Bynoe, among others, is in a Somewhat serious condition.

THE BABY EXCHANGE.

THE babies offered for adoption now much exceed in number those desirous of adopting children, consequently the babies have to wait their turn, and must be on our list longer than at first, when the balance was on the other side. As the object of my work in attempting this department is to be the medium of finding children for foster-parents who are without children, yet feel the desire to fill up the blank in their hearts and homes by adopting as their own some of the homeless among the little ones, the work, from the foster-parents' point of view (which is the point of view of the Baby Exchange), does not suffer from the preponderance of the children.

The mother of two little boys, respectively eight and five years of age, would be glad to have them adopted. Owing to the death of her husband she is left in very poor pecuniary circumstances. The two boys are goodlooking and intelligent; they are grandsons of one of Her Majesty's Indian Judges.

The following is the usual monthly list of babies offered for adoption :

GIRLS.-Place and date of birth.

CA illegitimate except those marked with an asterisk.)

1. Born July, 1895. London.

OUR CIRCULATING LIBRARY.

Now that arrangements are being made for the winter season, it may be as well to call the attention of my readers to our Circulating Library. Any centre which is able to gather together thirty members can have a box of about fifty books changed once a quarter, the members having only to pay about 2d. a week. The books have been very carefully selected for various classes of readers, and are all by well-known and popular writers. As our readers probably know, the scheme is worked from a central office in London, the boxes of books being returned there at the end of every quarter or half-year, as the case may be. They are then carefully overhauled and reissued. The terms of subscription include the payment of carriage both to and from the centre if it is situated anywhere in England, Wales, or the Lowlands of Scotland. To any other place an extra charge of 2s. 6d. a quarter is made.

This scheme has proved to be especially useful when worked in connection with institutions which desire a large and continually changing selection of books at a small cost. For the mere nominal charge of £5 or £6 a year they can obtain 200 books of the best literature.

Several series have been made up in order to suit the tastes of various classes of readers. Series I. contains fiction, bound magazines, and serious books, and is most suitable for those who do not wish to read simply for amusement. Series III., on the other hand, consists principally of fiction, contemporary and modern, with only about half-a-dozen carefully selected books of more solid reading. Series II. is designed for small villages which cannot give much for the purchase of books. The boxes in this series have about sixty volumes, but altogether some eighty books, as in several cases two books have been bound together.

The following are the terms of subscription to the three series:

SERIES I.-A Quarterly Box of Books, 30s. per quarter, or £5 a year, if paid in advance. A Half-Yearly Box of Books, 50s. half-yearly, or £4 103. a year, if paid in advance.

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Any one wishing to have further particulars should communicate with the Manager, Circulating Library, Mowbray House, Norfolk Street, Strand, London, W.C.

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The Italians in Africa, J. Theodore Bent on, F R, Sept.
A Prisoner in Abyssinia, by Lily Wolffsohn, US M, Sept.
Africa (see also Abyssinia, Egypt, Egypt and the Soudan):
The Fringe of the African Desert, by D. G. Hogarth, C, Sept.

The Story of a Day's March in West Africa, by Mary H. Kingsley, Y W,
Sept.

Capt. Salusbury's Congo "Revelations," by Henry M. Stanley, US M, Sept.

Dr. Jameson's Raid and the Trial at Bar, by Edward Dicey, F R, Sept. Expedition through Somaliland, by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith, G J, August. African Folk-Lore, by Miss A. Werner, C R, Sept.

Agriculture: Declining Faming, C J, Sept.

Anthropology: Among American Cliff-Dwellings, by T. Mitchell Prudden, Harp, Sept.

Arc, Joan of, A. H. Dick on, Ata, Sept.

Archæology (see also Contents of Antiquary):

Modern Archæology in Greece, by J. Gennadius, F, August.

Architecture (see also Contents of Architectural Record, Architecture):

Zoology in Wood and Stone, by Sophia Beale, Sun M, Sept.

Armenian Question, Prof. W. M. Ramsay on, C R, Sept.

Armies (see also Volunteers, and Contents of the Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, United Service Magazines):

The Total Eclipse of August 9, 1896, by E. Walter Maunder, K, Sept.
The Discovery of Neptune, by Sir Robert Ball, Str, August.

Two Centuries of Practical Astronomy in Edinburgh, by G. W. Niven,
Scots, August.

Athletics: The New Olympian Games, by R. B. Richardson, Scrib, Sept. Australia:

The Progress and Present Conditions of the Australian Federation Movement, John Quick on, R R A, August.

Prospects of Australian Federation, by J. Reid, US M, Sept.
Sydney and Melbourne, R. Machray on, P M, Sept.

A Trip with Sheep in Australia, LH, Sept.

Balfour, A. J., E. H. Parker on, Free R, Sept.

Beuson, Archbishop, D. Trelawney on, W M, August.

Bible (see also Contents of Clergyman's Magazine, Expositor, Expository Times, Homiletic Review):

The Historical Jesus, and the Christs of Faith, by David Connor, C R, Sept. Daniel in the Critics' Den, Free R, Sept.

Birds: Nightingales' Nests, C. J. Cornish on, Sun M, Sept.

Blackmore, R. D., Novels of, Black, Sept.

Boating: Sailing for Ladies in Highland Lochs, by Mrs. Creyke, N C, Sept.
Bournemouth, J. T. Garnish on, W M, August.
Brittany, Rev. J. W. Bowman on, Y M, Sept.

Bryan, William J., Willis J. Abbot on, R R A. August.
Bunner, H. C.,

Biographical, by Brander Matthews, Scrib, Sept.
The Poems of H. C. Bunner, Bkman A, August.
Burgin, G. B., Interview, by A. H. Lawrence, G T, Sept.
Burmah: Among the Burmans, Sun H, Sept.
Butterflies, Fred Miller on, G O P, Sept.

Cabby Chronicles, by W. J. Wintle, W M, August.

The Canadian Elections:

Russell, J. W., on, N A R, August.

Stewart, G.. on, F, August.

Canterbury, E. H. Fitchew on, Q, Sept.

Carthaginian Log, T. H. B. Graham on, G M, Sept.

Castellane, Comte de, C. S. Oakley on, C, Sept.

Cats: Wild Traits in Cats, by Dr. Louis Robinson, N A R, Aug.

Central Asian Expedition of Captain Roborovsky and Lieut. Kozloff, G J, Aug.
Children:

Poetry for Children, E. V. Lucas on, F R, Sept.
Childhood and Science, C J, Sept.

China: Salt and Gas Wells of China, by E. H. Parker, C J, Sept.
Church and Christianity:

A Modern View of Jesus Christ, by J. B. Crozier, F R, Sept.
The Christian Motive, by Bernard Holland, Nat R, Sept.
Church Reform, Rev. J. J. Lias on, C R, Sept.

Churches:

Westminster Abbey, M. B. Thrasher on, St. N, Sept. Ely Cathedral, Canon Dickson on. G W, Sept.

Cricket: The Australian Cricketers, by Fred. A. McKenzie, W M, August. Crime: Can the Criminal be reclaimed? by Dr. H. S. Williams, NA R, August.

Cuban Question, Frederick A. Ober on, Fr L, Sept.

Cycling (see also Contents of Outing);

Social and Economic Influence of the Bicycle, by J. B. Bishop, F, August. The Bicycle Outlook, I. B. Potter on, C M, Sept.

Lady Cyclists in and around Paris, by F. Lees, W H, Sept.

Dairy-Farming: Boiling Milk, by Mrs. Percy Frankland, N C, Sept.

Dart River, Duchess of Somerset and Mrs. Tom Kelly on, P M M, Sept.
Davidson, John, Interview, G T, Sept.

Davies, Jane, Letters of, Rev. S. Baring-Gould on, G W, Sept.
Denmark: An Old Page of Danish History, Mac, Sept.

Dennie, Joseph, American Journalist, S. A. Bent on, NE M, August.

Dogs: Wild Traits in Dogs, by Dr. Louis Robinson, NA R, August.

Don Quixote, A. F. Jaccaci on, Scrib, Sept.

Driving, Art of, by H. C. Merwin, Harp, Sept.

Elgeworth, Maria, Arg, Sept.

Education (see also Articles under History, Geography, Universities, and Contents of Journal of Education, Parents' Review):

The Children of the State, by Sir Douglas Galton, H, Sept.

The Ecole Normale, by Jules Simon, F, August.

John Ridd's School, F. J. Suell on, Lud, Sept.

Some Curious Public School Customs, by T. S. Oldham, Str, August.

At School a Hundred Years Ago, by Agnes Repplier, St N, Sept. Egypt:

El Azhar, Lud, Sept.

Egypt and the Soudan: The Soudan Advance, Black, Sept.

Ele toral:

The Humanities of Diet, by H. S. Salt, F R. Sept.

Sme Yorkshire Good Cheer, by Eugenia Skelding, A M, Sept.

Foreigners, C. D. Farquharson on, WR, Sept.

Fermosa, Rev. W. Campbell on, Scot G M. August.

Fowler, Sir IT. H., Interview, by A. H. Lawrence, G T, Sept.

France (see also French Literature, Education, Mendicancy):

The Fortunes of Paris, Black, Sept.

Family Councils in France, by Miss M. Betham Edwards, Nat R, Sept. The Baptism of Clovis, Dr. Jessopp on, N C, Sept.

Brittany and Normandy, by Rev. J. W. Bowman, Y M, Sept.

Echoes from the Dungeon of Vincennes, by Tighe Hopkins, L H, Sept.
Taucis, Joseph, W. S. Harwood on, St N, Sept.

rederic's (Harold)" Illumination," Bkman, August.

ree Trade, see Protection and Fair Trade.

rench Literature: English and Americans in French Fiction, by Andrew de Ternant, G M, Sept.

ruiture, Rev. S. Baring-Goull on, Sun M, Sept.

Gambling: Betting, C J, Sept.

Games: Pastimes at Sea, by Framley Steelcroft, Str, August. Geographical Education, A. J. Herbertson on, Scot G M, August. Geology, see Contents of Geological Magazine.

Germany, (see also Articles under Universities):

Life in Berlin, G W, Sept.

Schlangenbad, W. B. Gardner on, P M M, Sept.

Gladstone, W. E., and Return to Power, by H. D. Traill, Nat R, Sept.
Glave, E. J., Autobiographical, C M, Sept.

Goncourt, Edmond de, Yetta Blaze de Bury on, F R, Sept.
Gordon Riots, Miss C. M. Yonge on, M P, Sept.
Guiana, Gold-Fields of, T. Dalgleish on, C M, Sept.

Hamilton, Alexander, E. P. Powell on, NE M, August.
Handwriting:

Handwriting of Famous Divines, Dr. A. B. Grosart on, Sun H, Sept. The Handwriting of Mad People, J. Holt Schooling on, P M, Sept. Hervey, Lady, Austin Dobson on, Long, Sept.

History, Teaching of, Sir R. K. Wilson on, C R, Sept.

Holland: At Enkhuisen, by Katherine S. and G. S. Macquoid, Y W, Sept. Holmes, Dr. O. W., Rev. H. R. Haweis on, G T, Sept.

Holyhead, A. E. Bonser on, Q, Sept.

Housman, A. E., Bkman, August.

Human Animal, by G. Mortimer, Free R, Sept.

Hunt, Thornton, Mrs. Lynn Linton où, Bkman A, August.

Immortality, Unsigned Article on, Free R, Sept.

India, (see also Contents of India, Indian Magazine and Review):

A Bird's-Eye View of the North-West Frontier, by Sir J. Dickson Poynder,
Nat R, Sept.

Institutional Church of America, G. W. Cooke on, NE M, August.
Ireland (see also Contents of New Ireland Review):

Twenty-Five Land Acts in Twenty-Six Years, by H. O. Arnold-Forster,
N C, Sept.

Ireland as a Field for Tourists, by J. A. Steuart, F R, Sept.

The Round Towers of Ireland, by G. H. Orpen, L H, Sept. Irving, Sir Henry, W. Wallace on, Nat R, Sept.

The Power of the British Press, by H. W. Lucy, N A R, August.

The Story of Punch, by Rev. R. E. Welsh, Y M, Sept.

How to conduct a Local Newspaper, by John A. Cockerill, Lipp, Sept. That Woman's Column, by Mrs. Clare Jerrold, H, Sept.

Labour: The Slipper-Makers and Tailors of Leeds, by R. H. Sherard, P M, Sept.

Land: Bibliography of Literature on the Land Question, by T. E. Will, A.
August.

Language: The Dialect Epidemic, by E. Kidson, Free R, Sept.
Law: Leading Barristers of To-Day, by "John Doe," W M, August.
Lee, Gen. Robert E.,

Garnett, Col. J. J., on, Fr L, Sept.

Moore, Col. M. V., on, Fr L, Sept.

Lewes, George Henry, Mrs. Lynn Linton on, Bkman A, August.
Libraries, see Contents of Library.

Lighthouse Establishment in the United States, by Joanna R. Nicholls, Fr L,
Sept.

Li Hung Chang, Unsigued Article on, US M, Sept.
Lilford Vivaria, J. A. Owen on, P M M, Sept.

Lincoln, Abraham, and His Lost Speech, by H. C. Whitney and J. Medill,
McCl, Sept

Literature (see also French Literature, Scottish Literature, Fiction, Poetry, Journalism, Language):

Satire and Satirists, T B, Sept.

Teaching the Spirit of Literature, by W. P. Trent, A M, Sept.

Local Government: The Economics of Rating, by George Crosoer, WR, Sept.

Longevity: How to prolong Life, by William Kinnear, N A R, August.

Man, Study of, by Prof. W. M. Flinders Petrie, Nat R, Sept.
Marat, Jean Paul, Prof. H. Morse Stephens on, P M M, Sept.
Marriage:

Love's Coming of Age, by F. Rockell, Free R, Sept.

The Clergy and Marriage, Rev. E. J. Hardy on, G M, Sept.

The Matrimonial Market in the United States, by E. Cary, F, August.

Meath, Countess of, Interview, by Mrs. S. A. Tooley, H, Sept.

Medicine: The Life of a Medical Student, by A. L. Benedict, Lipp, Sept.
Melbourne, see under Australia.

Mendicancy: The Blind Beggars of Paris, by E. C. Price, M P, Sept.
Metaphysics, see Contents of Metaphysical Magazine.

Mexico: Popocatepetl and the Volcanoes of Mexico, O. H. Howarth on, G J,
August.

Meynell, Mrs., E. K. Chambers on, Bkman A, August.

Microscopy: Some Wonders of the Microscope, by W. G. FitzGerald, Str, August.

Mill, John Stuart, Frederic Harrison on, N C, Sept.

Missions, see Contents of Church Missionary Intelligencer.
Montaigne and Shakespeare, by J. M. Robertson, Free R, Sept.

Mormonism, C. Cope on, Free R, Sept.