XXVI.-GENERAL JOSEPH MARTIN AND THE WAR OF THE REVOLUTION IN THE WEST. BY PROF. STEPHEN B. WEEKS, OF JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. S. Mis. 104-26 CONTENTS. Page. I. INTRODUCTION: Character and influence of struggles with the Indians on national character; the Martin family a type...... 407 II. FAMILY, BIRTH, EARLY YEARS: Friendship to Sumter and III. THE FIRSt Settlement OF POWELL'S VALLEY: Explorations of Dr. Thomas Walker; an old-time race for the Cherokee strip; failure of the undertaking..... 409 412 IV. MARTIN A FARMER, AND REMOVAL TO HENRY COUNTY, 415 415 V. MARTIN AND THE SHAWNEE WAR OF 1774. VII. THE CHEROKEES AND THE REVOLUTION: Instigated by the VIII. CHRISTIAN'S CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE CHEROKEES IN 1776: X. THE KING'S MOUNTAIN CAMPAIGN: Martin's skill in keep- 416 420 423 425 427 429 XII. THE THIRD POWELL'S VALLEY SETTLEMENT: The movement urged by Col. Christian.... 436 XIII. MARTIN AND THE EXPANSION OF GEORGIA: Martin's defense of his course..... 439 XIV. THE TREATY OF HOPEWELL: Results of white encroach ments on Indian lands; Hopewell the beginning of a new 442 XV. THE STATE OF FRANKLIN: Causes of the secession from North Carolina; also directed against Virginia; Martin favors North Carolina; is made brigadier-general of her militia for the western district; difficulty of his position; letters to Gov. Johnston and Col. Kennedy; fall of the State of Franklin.................. XVI. MARTIN AS AGENT of North CAROLINA AND OF THE UNITED STATES: Difficulty of his position; hostility of Sevier and the party of encroachment to Martin; White made Superintendent of Indian Affairs; Williamson's letter to Martin on his failure................ XVII. MARTIN'S CHEROKEE CAMPAIGN OF 1788: The Cherokees XVIII. MARTIN AND THE SPANIARDS: Correspondence with Patrick Page. 451 456 460 465 469 XIX. MARTIN A TRADER AMONG THE CHEROKEES 470 471 XXII. ESTIMATE OF MARTIN: Martin's services to Virginia and North Carolina other than military; his personal appearance and character..... XXIII. THE MARTIN FAMILY. 472 474 PREFACE. The following paper owes its existence, primarily, to the enthusiasm of the late Lyman C. Draper and to the courtesy of the officials of the Wisconsin State Historical Society. While collecting materials for his history of the border warfare and border heroes of the United States Dr. Draper made several visits to Col. William Martin, who was then still living in Smith County, Tenn. He made Col. Martin's house his home, and at his request Col. Martin began in 1842 an account of the career of his father, Gen. Joseph Martin, and of many of the events with which he was personally acquainted or knew at first hand. His accounts were submitted to Dr. Draper from time to time, who criticised them, pointed out what he thought were errors, and asked more questions. The original of Col. Martin's account has come to me from Mrs. Fanny M. Tate, of Montvale, Bedford County, Va. Its omissions have been filled in from the original letters of Martin, Sevier, Blount, Henry, Christian, Campbell, and others, and from the MS. narrative of Maj. John Redd, who served under Martin in Christian's campaign in 1776, which are now in possession of the Wisconsin State Historical Society. Few of the charges to which "reminiscences" are so frequently liable can be brought against Col. Martin's narrative. It is remarkably accurate. I have frequently doubted some of his statements, but on tracing them back to an undoubted authority have found that he was correct. Some letters of Gen. Martin and others relating to his career have been recently printed in the Calendar of Virginia State Papers, and in the Life, Correspondence, and Speeches of Patrick Henry. Others were printed in the American State Papers, Indian Affairs. Quotations have been made from the originals in all cases where they were accessible to me, but I have added references to the places where such may be found, if printed. The local histories dealing with the subject have been used only so far as was necessary to supplement the MS. accounts, and their use has been indicated in the footnotes. When no |