(c.) Revenue on the undermentioned Works, &c.—Continued. 1875: St. Maurice Works, $15,363.80; Saguenay Works, $2,038.09; grand total, $121,627.05. (d.) Number of Pieces of Square and Flattened Timber, &c., of each Kind, passed the Government Slides and Booms on the Ottawa and its Tributaries, from 1872 to 1879, inclusive. 1872 3 169 1873. 26 1874. 1,327 211 1875.. 8,357 890 1876. 3, 360 Hemlock. Main Ottawa, including its Total. (d.) Number of Pieces of Square and Flattened Timber, &c.—Continued. The Canals of Canada have an intimate relation to the commercial interests of our Northern Frontier, as no vessel larger than a canal-boat could pass from the upper lakes into Lake Ontario, and no craft of any description could enter from the tide-waters of the Saint Lawrence into either Lake Champlain or Lake Ontario without using them. The timber-products of each country, to a large extent, seek a market by passing through these canals, and in all questions looking to future supply the forest resources of each country will naturally tend to the supply of both. (a.) Description and Extent of the Canadian Canals. These may be grouped as follows, by routes: The Saint Lawrence and Lakes. The Ottawa Canals to the city of Ottawa. The Rideau Navigation from Ottawa to Kingston. The River Richelieu to Lake Champlain. The Saint Peter's Canal, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. [1] The SAINT LAWRENCE CANALS, six in number, surmount the rapids between the head of navigation at Montreal and the foot of navigation from Lake Ontario. They have locks 200 by 45 feet, and a depth of 9 feet of water; width of canal at surface 90 to 150 feet, and at bottom 50 to 80 feet. They are (a.) LACHINE CANAL, 8 miles; 5 locks; 44 feet rise. (b.) BEAUHARNOIS CANAL, 11 miles; 9 locks; 824 feet rise. (c.) CORNWALL CANAL, 114 miles; 7 locks; 48 feet rise. (d.) WILLIAMSBURG CANALS (Farran's Point, Rapide Plat and Galops), together, 12 miles; 6 locks; 31 feet rise. [2.] The BURLINGTON BAY CANAL is a cut through a sand-bar at the west end of Lake Ontario, opening navigation to Hamilton and to Dundas, via the Des Jardines Canal. It is half a mile long, has no locks, and affords a channel 108 feet wide at the narrowest part. [3.] The WELLAND CANAL, 27 miles long, connects Lake Erie and Lake Ontario, and has 27 lift-locks and a total rise of lockage of 330 feet. The summit is 8 feet above Lake Erie, and is at present fed by Grand River; but improvements now in progress will require no supply of water other than from the lake. The present locks, of smallest size, are 150 by 26 feet, and the depth of water is 103 feet; but the scheme of the new work provides for locks 270 by 45 feet, with a depth of 14 feet. [4.] OTTAWA KIVER has its navigation improved by SAINT ANNE'S LOCK (3 feet rise, 190 by 45 feet, and depth 7 feet), and the CARILLON, CHUTE À BLONDEAU and GRENVILLE CANALS. The smallest locks on the latter are 128 by 315 feet, with 6 feet depth, but new works are in progress. [5.] The RIDEAU CANAL, 1264 miles long, connects Ottawa and Kingston, with 32 locks up and 14 down; a rise of 2323 feet and descent of 161 feet; locks, 134 by 33 feet; depth, 44 feet. [6.] SAINT OUR'S LOCK has a rise of 5 feet, and is 200 by 15 feet, with depth of 7 feet. [7.] The CHAMBLY CANAL, 12 miles long, has 9 locks, the smallest 113 by 23 feet; depth, 7 feet. [8.] SAINT PETER'S CANAL connects the south coast of Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, with Bras d'Or lakes, crossing an isthmus and giving access to the ocean. It has 4 pairs of tidal locks, 122 by 26 feet, depth 13 feet. Closed since June, 1876, for work. When finished the locks will be 200 by 48 feet, and depth 15 feet. (b.) Rules for Conversion of Measures or Number into Weight, established by Law for the (c.) Total and Comparative Tonnage of Forest Products passing through Canadian Canals (fiscal years). |