HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

JAMES A. HALEY, Florida, Chairman

CHARLES CONKLIN, Staff Director

LEE MCELVAIN, General Counsel

MICHAEL C. MARDEN, Minority Counsel

HENRY R. MYERS, Special Consultant on Nuclear Energy Matters

NOTE. The chairman of the full committee is an ex officio voting member of this subcommittee. The first listed minority member is counterpart to the subcommittee chairman.

The Library of Congress

Congressional Research Service

Washington, DC. 20540

INTERNATIONAL PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY

A report prepared for

The Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment
of the House Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs

By

Warren H. Donnelly, Senior Specialist, Energy

and

Barbara Rather, Reference Assistant

Environment and Natural Resources Policy Division

March 1976

NINETY-FOURTH CONGRESS

JAMES A. HALEY, FLA., CHAIRMAN

ROY A. TAYLOR, N.C.

HAROLD T JOHNSON, CALIF.
MORRIS K. UDALL, ARIZ.

PHILLIP BURTON, CALIP

ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER, WIS.
PATSY T MINK, HAWAII
LLOYD MEEDS, WASH.
ABRAHAM KAZEN, JR., TEX.

ROBERT G. STEPHENS, JR., GA.
JOSEPH P. VIGORITO, PA.
JOHN MELCHER, MONT.
TENO RONCALIO, WYO
JONATHAN B. BINGHAM, N.Y.
JOHN BUBERLING, OHIO
HAROLD RUNNELS, N. MEX.
ANTONIO BORJA WON PAT, QUAM
RON DE LUGO, V.J.

BOB ECKHARDT, TEX.

GOODLOE E. BYRON, MD.

JAIME BENITEZ, P.R.

JIM BANTINI, NEV.

PAUL E TSONGAS, MASS.

ALLAN T. HOWE, UTAM

JAMES WEAVER, OREG.

BOB CARR, MICH.

GEORGE MILLER, CALIF.

THEODORE M. (TED) RISENHOOVER.

OKLA

WRIGHT PATMAN, TEX.

JOE SKUBITZ, KANS.
SAM STEIGER, ARIZ.
DON H. CLAUSEN, CALIF.
PHILIP E. RUPPE, MICH.
MANUEL LUJAN, JR., N. MEX.
KEITH G. SEBELIUS, KANS.
ALAN STEELMAN, TEX.
DON YOUNG, ALASKA
ROBERT E. BAUMAN, MD.
STEVEN D. SYMMS, IDAHO
JAMES P. (JIM) JOHNSON. COLO.
ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO, CALIF.
VIRGINIA SMITH, NEBA
SHIRLEY N. PETTIS, CALIF.

Members of the Committee on Interior

and Insular Affairs

U.S. House of Representatives
Washington, D.C. 20515

Dear Colleagues:

During the past twelve months, this Committee's Subcommittee
on Energy and the Environment held a series of hearings on
subjects within its special oversight jurisdiction covering
"nonmilitary nuclear energy and research and development.
including the disposal of nuclear waste."

The purpose of the hearings was to obtain information on the
international transfer of nuclear material and components
intended for peaceful uses. The testimony heard by the Sub-
committee should assist the Congress in identifying methods
of controlling the export of nuclear technology by our com-
mercial nuclear industry, which could ultimately result in
impeding the manufacture of nuclear weapons by other nations.
Because this issue is one of the most crucial of our time. I
am forwarding to you the enclosed report on the International
Proliferation of Nuclear Technology, which was prepared by the
Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress and
was based upon our Subcommittee's hearings,

The Subcommittee on Energy and the Environment requested the Congressional Research Service to prepare the attached report on international proliferation of nuclear technology. The report, prepared by Dr. Warren Donnelly and Ms. Barbara Rather, is based on hearings held by the Subcommittee during the past two years.

I believe that the report and the hearings themselves demonstrate the urgency of our need to expend greater effort to prevent additional nations from gaining the ability to produce nuclear weapons. As the authors indicate, there is a large discrepancy between the expressed level of concern about proliferation and the willingness to incur economic and political costs to stem the flow.

In

The hearings point the way to at least one type of measure which would have a clear inhibiting effect. This would be to require that any nation receiving reactor fuels from the United States be required to subject all of its nuclear activities to the safeguards of the International Atomic Energy Agency. addition, I believe that the United States should take all possible steps to discourage the construction of fuel reprocessing or enrichment plants in non-nuclear weapons

The Honorable

James A. Haley

- 2

April 12, 1976

I am also encouraged by signs that the proliferation issue is being taken more seriously by various agencies of our government. In particular, I commend the recent action of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in declining to expedite action concerning a license for export or uranium to India.

The report will be of substantial use to those who seek to understand nuclear proliferation.

Sincerely,

holidall

Morris K. Udall,\Chairman
Subcommittee on Energy and
the Environment