he was re-elected. In 1878, at Detroit, he was elected president, and he presided with grace and dignity at the session in Washington in 1879, where he is kindly remembered by a number of our older members.

In 1887 Mr. Armstrong was appointed, as a representative of organized labor, a member of the royal labor commission for the purpose of investigating the conditions existing between capital and labor. For his services on that board he was tendered the thanks of most of the labor bodies of the country. When that work was finished, he returned to the case on the Mail and Empire, where he remained until appointed, about four years ago, secretary of the Ontario Bureau of Labor, which position he held at the time of his death.

Mr. Armstrong never married. He was wedded to organized labor. Since his death, however, it is learned that he was contemplating matrimony, and to his intended wife, Miss Minnie Lambert, who was for a long time associated with him in organization work, the heartfelt sympathy of his friends and associates will freely go forth.

John Armstrong is dead, but his good works live.

Now the Post-Graduate Course.

Joseph H. Choate, one of the greatest of living jurists, lauded the printing office as a good school for the American youth in an address at the Mark Twain memorial recently held in New York. During the course of his remarks, Mr. Choate said:

I believe Mark Twain, like Franklin, learned more in the printing shops than the average boy does at college. He graduated from the printing shop high school and then spent four years in the pilot house. Those four years were his university

course.

Had the I. T. U. Course in Printing been in vogue at the beginning of the great American humorist's career, he no doubt would have availed himself of the opportunity to take a post-graduate course.

The Linotype Ad Contest.

The ad work contest of the Mergenthaler Linotype Company, which closed November 30, proved a much greater success than was anticipated by its originators. Every newspaper in the United States and Canada was invited to submit specimen full-page department store ads, and the showing was truly phenomenal when the limited number of offices eligible to compete is considered. The total number of entries was 174. Those in class A (offices using from one to five

linotypes), 97; class B (offices using from six to eleven linotypes), 35; class C (offices using twelve or more linotypes), 42. The total number of offices represented by these entries is 117-class A, 69; class B, 22; class C, 26. These 117 offices are located in 109 different cities in thirty-eight different states, six entries being received from Canada. One of the entries was a full-page ad set in German. As our readers will remember in perusing the advertising pages of THE JOURNAL, there were nine cash prizes offered, $500 to be distributed in each of the three classes. In addition, the office winning the first prize in each class will be presented with a duplex equipment, consisting of a magazine, a font of matrices, a pair of liners and an ejector blade. Supplementing the cash prizes there will be five honorable mentions in each class. To each one of the offices winning honorable mention will be sent a handsomely engraved certificate attesting that fact. The judges met in New York on December 16, and the prize winners will be announced in the January issue of the Linotype Bulletin, which will be mailed about the 12th of the present month.

Voluntary Increase at San Diego.

The following is clipped from the San Diego (Cal.) Labor Leader of December 17, and speaks for itself:

The newspaper printers of this city have each received a Christmas present in advance, in the form of an increase in wages of 50 cents a day. The advance was made voluntarily by the managers, and is therefore doubly appreciated by the typos. Nowhere in the entire country does there exist a better feeling among the newspaper employers and employes than in San Diego. For years there has not been the slightest friction between the management of the newspapers and the members of the typographical union. They have been as one happy family, each treating the other with every consideration and courtesy. Mr. MacMullen, general manager of the Union and Tribune, voluntarily raised the wage scale December 14, and insisted that the new scale be put into ef fect on that day. This is such an unusual occurrence in these days of industrial greediness that it deserves the commendation of all lovers of fair play, and especially merits the esteem and appreciation of those directly benefited by Mr. MacMullen's generous act. The Labor Leader has been informed that Mr. McGrew, manager of the Sun, will also grant his printers an increase of 50

cents per day. It is safe to say that the generous action of Mr. MacMullen and Mr. McGrew will redound to their own benefit in more ways than one. There is no mechanic so efficient as the one who feels that his services are appreciated and realizes that he is being treated fairly. If more employers would give a little consideration to the men and women in their employ, thinking of them as something more than mere pieces of machinery made to turn out money, they would find it an easy matter to get competent and satisfied workmen, with a resulting increase in their earning power.

THE JOURNAL congratulates the San Diego printers on having such generous and fair employers. The union scale calls for $24 for day work and $27 for night work. The voluntary increase of $3 per week places that city on a par with the best on the Pacific coast in the matter of pay.

Worcester's Silver Jubilee.

The twenty-fifth milestone of Worcester Typographical Union No. 165 was celebrated in a manner that did great credit to that progressive organization. Nearly all of the 140 members of No. 165 were present on the occasion, together with many resident and out-of-town guests. William H. Eaton was toastmaster, and those who addressed the assemblage were William W. Cormack, secretary of the banquet committee, who gave a history of the organization from its inception, together with a vivid ac-. count of the workings of the International Union; Judge Edward T. Esty, who represented the mayor of the city; Robert S. Maloney, representative of the International; John B. N. Soulliere, the union's first financial secretary; Freemen M. Saltus, editor of the Labor News; John W. Mawbey, register of probate, who was secretary of No. 165 in the nineties; Edward M. Martin, of Boston, president of New England Typographical Union; George F. Booth, editor of the Gazette; Thomas P. Curtin, secretary of Boston Union No. 13, and a member of the state legislature; Charles A. Cullen, president of the central labor union; Thomas F. Foley, president of Boston Typographical Apprentices' Union; Alderman Peter F. Sullivan, and Dr. J. J. Cummings, who was an officer of No. 165 in the nineties. During the speechmaking several mu

sical numbers were rendered, among them being a tenor solo by E. M. Hunt, a bass solo by. Stephen Styffe, a violin solo by Regis Cloutier, of the Worcester Gazette chapel; a contralto solo by Miss Violet. Faucher, and songs by Michael O'Shea, of the Telegram chapel. All of the musical numbers were encored time and again. In addition to the above, piano selections were given by Professor Heron and President Fosdick, of No. 165. Thomas P. Curtin rendered his famous cuckoo song, and humorous stories were told by David Sigalove and Charles B. Porter, president of Springfield Union No. 216. The celebration was declared the best that ever occurred in trade-union circles in Worcester.

IN the April and May (1910) numbers of THE TYPOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL appeared an announcement by the Wetter Numbering Machine Company offering prizes for articles describing actual working results obtained from the use of its numbering machines. The committee which considered the entries has awarded the first prize of $40 to H. R. Hayes, superintendent of the printing department of the Kistler Stationery Company, Denver, Colo., and the second prize to J. Warren Lewis, of W. W. Browning & Co., Ogden, Utah.

AFTER this month the paper on which THE JOURNAL is printed will bear in the water mark a fac-simile of the label of the International Brotherhood of Paper Makers. While the paper used by the official magazine has always been the product of union labor, it was only recently that it was possible to have the label appear in the water mark.

IN contemplating the arrogant and highhanded methods used by the employing garment makers, in crushing the spirit and starving the families of their workers, one indeed wonders what Christ would think if he should come to Chicago.

THE International Typographical Union starts the year 1911 with more than 56,000 members on its rolls.

THE new catalogue of the Denver Dry Goods Company, one of the largest department stores in the country, bears the union label, and the management announces that in the future every piece of printing for the firm will carry the label.

Ir was announced a few weeks ago that George W. Perkins, one of the high financiers of the country, and a partner in the firm of J. Pierpont Morgan & Co., would retire from business and devote his attention to promoting profit-sharing schemes among corporation employes and reconciling the differences of capital and labor. Well, up to date George W.'s share of the "profits" is said to be about $20,000,000, so he should prove a great success on his new job, which will probably last all winter at least.

THE JOURNAL is glad to add the names of the Hon. John P. Murphy, member of Nashville Union No. 20, and the Hon. T. A. Rogers, member of Chattanooga Union No. 89, to the list of successful candidates in the November election. Both of these gentlemen will sit in the Tennessee Legislature at the coming session, and their friends are confident that they will give a good account of themselves. This makes three stanch members of the typographical union in that body, the other being W. N. Page, state senator from Memphis.

DETROIT Seems to be in the very front rank in forwarding the work of the International Commission on Supplemental Education. The Detroit Printers' Technical Club is really a live organization, holding open meetings frequently to discuss articles on advanced trade education that appear in the various trade journals. Apprentices are especially urged to attend these meetings, and the work in this direction is said to have been very successful so far. Typographical Union No. 18 awards a prize of $5 to those completing the I. T. U. Course in Printing. This, together with the rebate of $5 offered by the International Typographical Union, brings the instalment. cost down to $15.

WHEN the "faithful" workers of the United States Steel Corporation are ready for the scrap heap, they are to be the beneficiaries of a $12,000,000 pension fund, according to joint action of the board of directors of the steel trust and Andrew Carnegie. An employe must work at least twenty-five years for the trust before he is given a pension. At the end of this time it is figured out that the workmen will have "earned their keep" for the balance of their lives, which at best will not be of long duration after the twelve-hour seven-day-aweek stunt in many of the mills.

JAMES SIMPSON, a prominent Canadian trade unionist and member of Toronto Typographical Union, at various times filling official positions in that organization, was a caller at International headquarters December 20. Mr. Simpson is the labor representative on the royal commission investigating technical trade education under the auspices of the Canadian government. The commission has already made an extensive tour of western Canada and the United States, and will make investigations in Europe after a trip through the Province of Quebec.

J. E. F. SMITH (Texas), a well-known union printer, who has been identified with the press at Richwood, W. Va., at intervals for the past two years, contemplates beginning the publication of a daily paper at that point, to be called Texas' Daily Chronotype, about the 15th of the present month. His many friends among the craft will wish him success in the venture, believing him in every respect equal to the undertaking.

THREE months have elapsed, and, notwithstanding a rigid investigation by a grand jury largely composed of union haters, no "enemy of industrial freedom" has been indicted for "dynamiting" the building of the Los Angeles Times.

PRESIDENT CAMPBELL, of Meridian (Miss.) Union No. 153, favors THE JOURNAL with a sample of ads which that organization inserted in the daily papers in its jurisdiction

previous to the Christmas holiday period. These announcements were for the purpose of inducing the merchants to send in their copy early in the week in order that the printers would have more time to insure good appearance and avoid errors. The copy for the union's ads was changed every other day, and the corner card, which set forth the various commendable features of the typographical union and the great work it is doing, was changed every day. Such efforts on the part of No. 153 is indeed commendable, and shows what a really live organization can do in bringing its achievements before the public.

THE International Typographical Union can afford to indulge itself in a feeling of satisfaction over the record made by the organization for the year just closed. True, we have had many other prosperous years, but the year 1910 has seen a substantial growth in membership and increases in wage scales that will compare favorably with the banner periods in the organization's history.

THE fiftieth anniversary of Troy (N. Y.) Union No. 52 was celebrated in an elaborate manner on the evening of November 6, with feasting, speeches and music, President James M. Lynch, Secretary-Treasurer Hays and Vice-President Miller being prominent guests of honor. Our regular Troy correspondent gives a vivid account of the affair elsewhere in this issue.

ALL arrangements for the annual reception and ball of Chicago Typographical Union No. 16 have been made, and the committee in charge expects the affair this year to be the most successful ever held. The date is Wednesday evening, January 18, and the place is the Princess Rink.

THE Wisconsin Supreme Court will have an opportunity to test the validity of the law protecting the union label. The appeal is taken by the Heller Bros., job printers of Milwaukee, who were convicted of illegally using the label of the allied printing trades council.

THE usual quota of the revised book of laws of the International Union for 1911 was shipped to the secretary of each local union about the middle of December. In the event that any secretary failed to receive the books, he should at once notify Secretary-Treasurer Hays, and the matter will receive immediate attention.

TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION NO. 102, of Ottawa, Canada, has entered the race for the 1912 convention of the International Typographical Union. It has been several years since any Canadian city had the honor, and Ottawa proposes to have a delegation at San Francisco that will work unceasingly with the delegates to have them select that delightful northern capital as the 1912 meeting place.

THE November Bulletin of the United Typothetæ, in closing a plea for employing printers to affiliate with the organization, says: "Verily, it costs nothing to be a member of the United Typothetæ of America." How naively innocent. Or shall we say, how adroitly misleading. Taking the years 1905 to 1908 as an example, we believe the members of that body will hardly admit that "it costs nothing to belong to the typothetæ."

HERE is a story that has started on its rounds, and we give it for what it is worth. It is said that when the Union Pacific Railroad Company occupies its new general office building, which it is now erecting in Omaha at a cost exceeding a million dollars, all the departments will be given a working day of six hours. Work will begin at 8 A. M. and continue without intermission until 2 P. M. The claim is made that the lunch hour breaks into the routine to such an extent that a continuous session of six hours will show an actual increase in the amount of work done each day, and that better work will result. This is a good press agent's story, even if it is disseminated from the headquarters of a benevolent railroad corporation. If it is really true, the shorter workday receives endorsement from sources least expected.

ONE of our classified advertisers is this month offering an excellent opportunity for a union to take hold of his paper with him.

IN its issue of December 15, the Jacksonville (Fla.) Metropolis printed a fine article descriptive of the Union Printers Home, written by C. W. Straughan, a member of Typographical Union No. 162. A halftone picture of the building and grounds was printed with the story, this tribute to the institution being included:

The Union Printers Home looms up in the vista of the future like a beacon light, and when the dark clouds of adversity hover over the heads of union printers the latchstring hangs outward at the Union Printers Home, and they may turn their languid eyes and wearied feet toward Colorado Springs with as much complacency and fervency as the Moslem turns to his Mecca.

VOLUME 1, No. 1, of the Akron (Ind.) Tribune reached the editor's desk a few weeks ago. J. Leroy Dilsaver, for several years an employe of the government printing office and a member of Typographical Union No. 101, is the editor and publisher of the new paper, which is a model of typographical neatness, filled with ads of the home merchants and replete with local news. One of the features will be a weekly letter from a special correspondent at the national capital, which is quite an ambitious undertaking for a country newspaper. We wish the Tribune and its energetic publisher all kinds of prosperity.

A VERDICT for $50,000 damages has been secured in the New York Supreme Court in the case of Collier's Weekly against C. W. Post, of Battle Creek, Mich. Collier's attorneys claim that the verdict is the largest for libel ever returned in this country. The damages were awarded on the ground that Post inserted an advertisement in numerous publications declaring that Collier's Weekly had printed an editorial condemning the defendant's food products because he had refused to advertise in Collier's. The facts in the case are that Collier's Weekly exposed Post's advertising methods, much to the discomfiture of the union hater. "There's a verdict."

THE management of the Bon Air Sanatorium, an institution for tuberculosis patients near Bradford, Pa., declares an erroneous impression has gained circulation regarding the manner in which its proposed printing plant is to be conducted. It is asserted that it is not the intention to run a non-union shop, but to place the same in charge of a union printer, one who has been cured of tuberculosis, if possible to be found, giving him an ideal place to work and also making him a part of the institution. The management says further that it appreciates the great work that the International Typographical Union has done for consumptive printers.

THE JOURNAL is in receipt of the first number of the Southern Boatman, a new thirty-two-page monthly magazine, published at Annapolis, Md. As its name would indicate, motor boating, sailing, yachting, etc., in the south will be features of the publication. The first issue denotes great care and ability on the part of the publishers, Messrs. Gould and Halloran, who, we are informed, are in every way worthy of success. At any rate, we can assure our readers that the Southern Boatman starts with the right principles, as it carries the union label, and its publishers assert it will never be published under any other than union conditions.

NOTHING that has ever emanated fron the union-hating coterie that is responsible for American Industries, official organ of the National Association of Manufacturers, will meet with stronger resistance from the forces of organized labor than the demand that a law be enacted to make the closed shop illegal. We all know that in granting injunctions the courts in many states have attacked the closed shop agreement as an illegal conspiracy, and the organized manufacturers now desire this principle to be made the law of the states by legislative enactment. But, unless we miss our guess, there will be no state lawmaking body with the temerity to attempt to strangle trade unionism in the manner demanded by the Kirbyites.