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The World War News

P. I. LEONARD, M. D.

"Our country; its need is our need, its honor our honor, its responsibility our responsibility. To support it is a duty, to defend it a privilege, to serve it a joy. In its hour of trial we must be steadfast, in its hour of danger we must be strong, in its hour of triumph we must be generous. Though all else depart, and all we own be taken away, there will still remain the foundation of our fortunes, the bulwark of our hopes, a rock on which to build anew-our country, our homeland, America."-From American Medicine, May, 1917 (National Number.)

THE MOST BEAUTIFUL THING IN THE WORLD

Unfurl the flag at sunrise

And let its colors fly,

More radiant than the brilliant hues That flood the morning sky.

Salute it as its glories

Upon the breezes dance, Today it guides our soldier boys To victory in France.

Flag that in blood and battle
And sacrifice was born,

Flag that has never known defeat
Since first it met the morn;

For Liberty its scarlet

And stars were then unfurled,

And still behold! to liberty

It proudly leads the world.

-Minna Irving in the New York Sun.

Lieut. F. X. Hartigan, of St. Joseph, is now "over there."

Capt. F. H. Ladd, of South St. Joseph, is at Ft. Riley, Kan.

Capt. T. M. Paul, of St. Joseph, is on the qui vive for assignment.

Capt. Floyd Spencer, of St. Joseph, expects to be called about September.

Lieut. C. M. Sampson, of St. Joseph, is ordered to report at Ft. Riley.

The heart of every American is wholly centered in the one present purpose, that of winning

the war.

A naturalized physician, born in an enemy country, can enter the M. R. C. under some restrictions.

Lieut. Hilam K. Wallace, of St. Joseph, has been promoted to a captaincy and is stationed at Baltimore.

There are less than 10,000 in our medical schools with a senior class of 3,000. This is less than one-third of the medical students twelve years ago.

Dr. C. L. Randall of Neodesha, Kas., has rereived a commission as captain in the medical reserve corps.

The doctors of Missouri are patriots and they need no urging to cause them to do their duty. Watch our volunteers!

Dr. David Broderick, Kansas City, has received his commission and will be assigned to the Great Lakes Naval Training Station.

Dr. William T. Byler, Kansas City, has been notified to report at Fort Riley for duty. Doctor Byler received his commission as first lieutenant some time ago.

Dr. C. E. Sanders of Rosedale, Kas., has been assigned assistant surgeon, with the rank of lieutenant, in the United States naval reserve forces at Norfolk, Va.

Dr. T. P. Van Eman, Kansas City, Mo., has been commisisoned a captain in the medical reserve corps. He will be stationed at Camp McArthur, Waco, Tex.

Capt. Emmett F. Cook, of St. Joseph, was relieved as regimental surgeon 337 Field Artillery, Camp Dodge, Iowa, and ordered to report as post surgeon, Ft. Constitution, New Hampshire.

Dr. H. S. Majors, superintendent of the Fulton (Mo.) State Hospital for the Insane, has received a captain's commission, and will serve in the psychiatric section of the medical service.

In the United States there are less than 50,000 qualified surgeons under 55 years of age. There are about 142,000 practicing physicians, including all ages and all cults. Over 20,000 doctors are in the Medical Reserve Corps.

Dr. Joseph S. Lichtenberg, Kansas City, has been commisioned a captain in the Medical Reserve Corps. He will do eye work in a base hospital, but doesn't know whether it will be in this country or overseas. He expects to be called September 1.

Lieut J. B. Reynolds, Jr., of Great Falls, Mont,. a son of Dr. J. B. Reynolds of St. Joseph, is "over there" a member of the M. R. Corps. Another son, Dr. Woodson Reynolds, of Drumright, Okla., took the examination for the M. R. C. last week.

Dr. James I. Tyree, who the last four years served Kansas City in almost every capacity in the health department from visiting doctor to acting health commissioner, has reached the marine aviation field at Miami, Fla. He recently volunteered his services to his country and now is an assistant surgeon, United States Naval Reserve Force with the rank of lieutenant, junior grade.

Capt. A. R. Timmerman, of South St. Joseph, has been called to the base hospital at San Antonio, Texas.

Lieut. Sam E. Roberts has been assigned to duty at the aviation base hospital at Dallas, Tex. He has been an ear, nose and throat specialist in Kansas City. He was an associate professor at the University of Kansas school of medicine, and on the staff of following hospitals: Bell Memorial, Rosedale, General Hospital, Mercy, Christian Church and St. Margaret's.

Aievoli reviews some recent literature on the subject of brain wounds thus analyzing a total of 2,357 in British and 6,664 in French hospitals. Aside from the transient cerebral manifestations at first, there seems to be no question that a man who has been trephined for a wound of the skull and brain is often left with reduced mental or

professional capacity, and there may be symptoms ranging from headache to vertigo, from asthenia to amnesia, with diminished power of attention and association of ideas, and exaggerated emotivity. Hyperemia of the papilla, hypertension, abnormal albumin content of the cerebrospinal fluid, and labyrinth disturbances are also common. At the same time, Marie has not known of a single instance of general paralysis or dementia developing as a consequence of a brain wound, and Tuffier has only encountered 0.64 per cent cases of serious mental impairment. The outlook is more favorable with hemiplegia from injury of the prefrontal lobe and the rolandic region and vicinity, gradual improvement being not infrequent. Masmonteil's general review of this subject confirms that the pathogensis of shock varies in different cases, and treatment can be only symptomatic, practically empiric. Until recently it was taken as a matter of course that the operation must be deferred until the patient has recovered from shock. But this doctrine has been much battered of late, and several varieties of shock are now disregarded. In shock from hemorrhage, the vessels must be ligated. In shock from toxemia or septicemia, the focus for the intoxication must be suppressed without delay by amputation of a crushed limb or excision of muscles; if the condition is too grave for this, the wound can be sprayed or injected with Menciere's fluid or a formaldehyd solution. In nervous shock, usually with mutiple wounds and concussion, intervention is not needed so much at

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the interval since the wound. The ideal treatment for infected gunshot wounds, Hull says, is to excise them during the preinflammatory stage, that is, within twenty-four hours of the infliction. The exigencies of the war will more often than not make this impossible. question therefore arises whether it is possible to prolong the preinflammatory stage. only treatment which a wound at present rewise dealt with at a casualty clearing station is ceives in war previous to being excised or otherthe application of a first field dressing. In spite of the advances in surgery, particularly in the treatment of wounds, Hull states that the emergency treatment is no more efficacious than it was in the days of the Trojan wars. The dressings applied to wounds before the arrival at a casualty clearing station have no influence whatever on the infection in the depths of the wounds. Improved results of the treatment of wounds can only be achieved by some method of either excising the wound during the preinflammatory stage or by prolonging that stage, and research in the latter direction appears to be most desirable. The old first field dressing appears to be totally inadequate. It is suggested that, as soon as practicable after the infliction of a wound, it should be instilled with some nonirritating antiseptic, in order to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Within the first few hours, unless septic foreign matter remains in the depths of the wound, pathogenic organisms are found to

be few in numbers and confined to the surface of the wound.

As a brick fell from a carrier's hod it knocked down a Spanish flag displayed from a store front below. "That must have been an American brick," said a passer-by. "Yis," said the hod carrier above, "but it was of Oirish descint."

The Bile in the Light of Newer Teachings-There can be no doubt that Roger has made a material contribution to both physiology and clinical medi cine, by emphasizing the multiple role played by bile with reference to the digestion of starch, sugar, protein, and fat; with reference to its antiputrefactive and antitoxic functions; and with reference to cer tain properties, hitherto unsuspected, in controlling the physical condition of the intestinal mucus. The bile thus provides an illustration of the wise economy of nature in imparting many different functions to one digestive secretion.-Medical Record.

Rest and Sleep in Acute Diseases-If, in acute illnesses you secure rest and sleep for your patient, you will get a more definite response to the indicated line of treatment. A highly desirable agent for the purpose and one that may be given without fear of further weakening an already laboring heart, is Pasadyne (Daniel). Pasadyne (Daniel) possesses in a marked degree the power to soothe the nervous system and may be used as confidently to produce rest and sleep as chloral or the bromides. A sample bottle of Pasadyne (Daniel) may be had by addressing the laboratory of John B. Daniel, Inc., Atlanta, Georgia.

Concerning the Doctor

Dr. H. B. Lemere, of Omaha, has been called to the service and is located at Camp Meade, Annapolis Junction, Md.

Dr. Wm. A. Shelton, Kansas City, has received his commission as captain M. R. C., and orders to proceed to Camp Oglethorpe, Ga.

Major L. N. Milne, of Kansas City, is now in command of Hospital Unit No. 28, in France, succeeding Col. Bannister, who resigned on account of ill health.

Dr. Frank P. Norbury, Springfield, Ill., has been called to New York as acting Medical Director of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene in war work.

Dr. A. F. Jonas, Omaha, a member of the Medical Reserve Corps, has been detailed for active duty as Aide to the Governor and he is now acting in that capacity.

Dr. George H. Hoxie, of Kansas City, chief of Medical Service Hospital Unit No. 28, in active duty somewhere in France, has been commissioned Major M. R. C.

Mr. James Ketner, of Kansas City, proprietor of the Densmore Hotel, has been appointed food administrator of Jackson County, to succeed Mr. F. J. Dean, who has been assigned to duty at Camp Pike.

Dr. George F. Butler has resigned as Medical Director of Mudlavia, and accepted a position as Medical Director of the North Shore Health Resort at Winnetka, Ill. He will begin his active duties there September first.

The Medical Association of the Southwest will hold its annual meeting at Dallas, Texas, October 15, 16, 17, under the presdency of Dr. E. H. Martin, of Hot Springs, Ark. Maj. F. H. Clark, secretary; Dr. M. M. Smith, Dallas, chairman arrangement committee.

Maj. Fred H. Clark, secretary Medical Association of the Southwest, who has been in charge of Base Hospital No. 15, at Corpus Christi, Tex., for four months past, has just received orders to report for duty at Fort Logan H. Roots, near Little Rock, Ark.

Dr. Leon Charles Lewis-probably you'll remember him as "Kid" Lewis - has been commissioned a captain in the Medical Reserve Corps and is awaiting an assignment. Dr. Lewis in the old days of the Kansas City Medics was a whang of a big bustin' football player. Oh, boy, how "Kid" Lewis could hit that line and bust that interference. Playing halfback and end on the Medics of 1896-7-8-9 the "Kid" grew a reputation that stretched from Texas to Chicago and from Colorado to Illinois. In 1900 and 1901 he coached the Medics, and in 1904-5 he played . on Martin Delaney's K. C. A. C. teams. He was a buster. Doctor Lewis is now a surgeon with the Cudahy Packing Company. He was a sergeant in Hale's Zouaves in the Spanish-American war. (This item was written by the sporting editor of the Kansas City Star.)

Mailing Yourself Money-Every time you stick a Thrift or War Savings Stamp on your card you are mailing money to yourself to be received later with interest. Cashing in these stamps is going to be better than "getting money from home," for with the money comes the reminder that you contributed to the great victory which then will have been completely won.

Mount Sinai Unit at the French Front-This Unit, known as United States Base Hospital No. 3, has been established in a monastery near the front. On its staff are 26 officers, 65 nurses, 150 enlisted men, and several untrained women. The hospital has accommodation for about 1,500 patients. The surgical supplies are provided by Mount Sinai Hospital and the American Red Cross. The chief officers of the hospital are: Major Michael A. Dailey, commanding; Major George Baehr, Major Howard Lilienthal, Major Herbert L. Celler, Major Edwin Beer, and Major Walter M. Brickner.

Maj. Eugene Wilson Caldwell, United States Medical Reserve Corps, died recently in New York, a victim of x-ray burns. Every daily newspaper thought his career of sufficient importance to merit the use of big headlines. To the East he was a great scientist, who literally had given his life for humanity. The West is no less proud of his achievements, and it is able to recall, too, the romance of his life. Gene Caldwell was born in Savannah, Mo., and reared in Concordia, Kans. He was only 16 or 17 years old when he entered the University of Kansas, but, youthful as he was, he was even then looked upon as a wizard. In his school days Caldwell's inclinations were entirely in the field of electricity. He paid little attention to studies foreign to that science, but if his grades in other branches were not the highest he more than made amends by his achievements in his chosen line. Even in those days the young student's genius was recognized and his assistance was sought by scientists and inventors of acknowledged standing. Summer after summer the late Prof. Lucien I. Blake, then of the K. U. faculty, took Caldwell East with him to aid in the experiments in wireless telephony in which the elder man was then engaged. Together the Kansas pair finally solved the secret of talking to ships thousands of miles out at sea. When the first mesage was transmitted, Caldwell, instead of rushing to the New York papers, wired the news of the triumph from Sandy Hook to Dr. Francis H. Snow, the chancellor of K. U., and the word reached the outside world by way of Lawrence. Blake got the lion's share of the credit, but the professor himself, as well as many scientific observers, ungrudgingly gave Caldwell credit for invaluable assistance. When the use of x-rays first became known he devoted himself to their study, and eventually became one of the world's greatest experts and authorities on the subject. But in the beginning he was without money or backing, and it is interesting now to recall that the first x-ray apparatus which he ever owned was a second-hand affair which he purchased with money borrowed from the man at whose house he was then rooming in New York. His brilliant successes and the recognition which came to him from the leading scientists of America and Europe never turned Caldwell's head. He remained to the end the modest, almost shrinking little man whom White and Funston and the rest of them knew at Lawrence thirty years ago. For several years he had suffered from burns received in some of his experiments and he died a martyr to the science to which he had contributed so much.

Dr. George F. Nicolai, formerly professor of pathology at the Berlin University and the author of a book denouncing Prussian Militarism for which he was punished by imprisonment, escaped from Germany in an airplane and landed safely in Denmark on June 24.

Dr. H. Herbert Lanier has been appointed by the Surgeon General President of a board of examiners for the Medical Reserve Corps, and for the time being its only member. Physicians wishing to enter the M. R. C. can now be examined by Dr. Lanier in Texarkana.

Dr. John H. Sutfin, age 83 years, died Monday night at his home, 3320 Virginia Ave., Kansas City, Mo. Dr. Sutfin was born in Monroe county, Indiana, August 25, 1835. Was a practicing physician in Kansas City for thirty-three years. Served three years in the Civil War, in Company D, 36th Regiment Iowa Volunteers.

Dr. Dominick M. Nigro, and Miss Edena May Riley, of Omaha, were married at the bride's home, on Wednesday, July 31. The honeymoon will be spent in Colorado. Miss Riley is a graduate of Eden Hall, Philadelphia, and of the Chevy Chase school for girls in Washington. After finishing her education, she returned to Omaha and entered the training school for nurses at the Omaha general hospital, with the hope of graduating and becoming a Red Cross nurse. Dr. Nigro attended the Kearney military college, Notre Dame university and Northwestern university, taking his medical degree at the latter institution. After leaving Omaha he enlisted in the medical officers' reserve corps, and, while awaiting call, has been serving in the general hospital, Kansas City, Mo. The Herald extends hearty congratulations.

Dr. Chas. C. Allison, of Omaha, passed away on June 19, 1918. His death removes from the medical profession of the state one of its foremost figures. He was born in Kansas in 1865, was educated at St. Mary's College, St. Mary, Kansas, after which he was a student in medicine at Louisville Medical College, Louisville, Kentucky, graduating in 1888. After graduation he served a term as ship's surgeon, coming to Omaha in 1891. For a time he was associated in the practice of surgery with Dr. John E. Summers, later opening an office of his own and continuing in the practice of surgery until his death. As a physician he was ever ready to minister to the wants of the physicially ill and gave much of his time and means to charitable service. He held the position of the Professor of Principles and Practice of Surgery and Clinical Surgery at Creighton Medical College for many years. Dr. Allison was a member of the Medical Society of the Missouri Valley since 1894; a fellow of the American Medical Association and a member of his county and state societies; he was a frequent contributor to medical literature.

F. A. Turner (Ill. Med. Jour.) says that the chief predisposing cause of hemorrhoids is the upright position of man and the absence of valves in the rectal veins. An enlightened prophylaxis would point to the wisdom of retaining the recumbent position as long as possible, at least until the fire was lit and the morning chores were done. How about the wife? Well, women like to be ailing anyway, and it might as well be piles as anything else. Besides we are a specialist in homology and take no account of aught outside of our chosen field.

COLOR BLINDNESS

The United States Public Health Service has issued recently a pamphlet on "Color Blindness Among U. S. Seamen," a report of the Public Health Service giving valuable data. It says:

The importance of differentiating between those who are dangerously color blind-that is, unable at all times to distinguish between red and green-and those who are only slightly color blind, is brought out in a recent study conducted by the U. S. Public Health Service and reported in Public Health Bulletin No. 92.

The following classes are regarded as dangerously color blind and therefore to be excluded from posi tions in which they would be required to read colored signal lights: (1 those who are able to see but three or less colors in the spectrum (the normal person sees six or seven); (2) those who see more than three colors in the spectrum, but who have the red end so shortened as to prevent the recognition og a red light at a distance of two miles; and (3) those with a cen tral scotoma (that is, a blind or partially blind area in the field of vision) for red and green.

It was concluded that this class of persons could be distinguished from those harmlessly color blind by the use of the Edrigo-Green color lantern, which was found preferable to color yarns. The theories on which the color lantern is based are given in detail in the publication.

Another feature of the investigation was the study of the prevalence of color blindness. Excluding those able to distinguish five colors in the spectrum, it was found that color blindness occurs in about 8.6 per cent of men and 2.2 per cent of women. Color blindness of a degree dangerous in occupations requiring the recognition of colored signal lights was found to occur in about 3.1 of men and 0.7 per cent of women. Among refractive conditions of the eye, color blindness occurs least frequently in eyes apparently without demonstrable refractive error, it occurs most frequently in eyes showing mixed astigmatism.

The examinations were made as a part of other studies of the effect of illumination on vision, conducted as a part of an illumination survey of the federal department buildings in Washington, D. C. One thousand persons were tested with the Edridge Green lantern to determine both the value of the lantern and the effect, if any, of refractive conditions. lesions, and anomalies of the eye, and also of sex upon different degrees of color perception.

A special study of the Jennings self-recording worsted test was also made, 50 persons being tested with this and other tests. The results with the Jen nings test were found to be too inaccurate for most work, although it was found to be superior to other tests in certain lines of work where great accuracy and the classification of color defects were not essential.

THE DOCTOR REJOICES
Fare thee well,
Fare thee well,

Fare thee well, my former lay;

For I'm on to something better Than cirrhosis, nerves or tetterSinging poliomyelitis all the day!

P. I. L.

Among men it is generally conceded that the ones who have to be handled with gloves should really be handled with an ax to save time, but it is quite the exception to find a woman who does not need to be handled with gloves.-R. T. Morris, "Drs. vs. Folks."

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Fox Hills Base Hospital Completed-The United States Base Hospital at Fox Hills, Staten Island, comprising eighty-six buildings, was completed, June 25, the entire plant having been constructed in 100 days. The hospital is now prepared to care for 3,000 patients. The staff consists of a personnel of 650 including physicians, nurses and attendants. There are three large wards containing 1,000 beds each. The hospital is one of the largest in the world. Col. William Rutherford, U. S. Army, M. C., will be in charge. In connection with the hospital, the American Red Cross has completed a theater for the patients which will seat 7,200 persons. Fifteen acres of land adjoining the hospital have been purchased by the government so that the capacity of the hospital may be doubled at any time.

New State Officers-At the meeting of the North Dakota State Medical Association in Fargo, a service flag bearing 125 stars was dedicated, and the following officers were elected: president, Dr. Edgar A. Pray, Valley City; vice presidents, Drs. William P. Baldwin Casselton; Fred E. Ewing, Kenmare, and Harley E. French, Grand Forks; secretary, Dr. Hezekiah J. Rowe, Casselton (reelected); treasurer, Dr. William F. Sihler, Devils Lake; councilors, Drs. EdWard M. Ranson, Minot; Frederick L. Wicks, Valley City; Le Roy G. Smith, Medina, and Charles MacLachlan, New Rockford; delegate to the A. M. A., Dr Charles MacLachlan, New Rockford, and alternate, Dr. Frank W. MacManus, Williston. Next meeting in Grand Forks.

Military Movies-A new and unique moving picture concern has recently been organized in Washington, D. C. some of the most important men in The moving picture industry are working as its camera

men; the foremost American scientists are its stars, and during the short period it has been in operation it has produced some of the most remarkable pictures ever registered on film. It is known as "Gorgas Film Company." The Surgeon General has gone into the moving picture business, and the whole army medical department has gone in with him. With the help of various officers and privates who formerly owned, operated and worked for large moving picture companies, a moving picture plant has been installed in a building near the army medical headquarters, a government film agency has been established, and films at the rate of 158,000 feet a week are being produced for the entertainment and education of the army. Before they are shipped to the cantonments, the films are tried out in a long, dark and badly ventilated room that has all the atmosphere of a commercial moving picture theater. Here medical officers, the heads of government departments, congressional committees, and even the secretary of war, occasionally drop in and ask to see the pictures. The "animated cartoonist" of the army medical corps is Sergeant Paul Terry, who formerly ran the "Animated Weekly" and built the camera for the Bray cartoons. When he first entered the army he had no medical knowledge whatsoever, but he attracted the attention of the medical officers by the accurate sketches he was able to make of their operations. Colonel William Owen, in charge of the army movie plant under Surgeon General Gorgas, believing that the young man possessed unusual ability, decided to send him to Johns Hopkins university to study under Max Brodel. Now the Terry surgical cartoons are one of the most important products of the army medical corps, and so expert has the artist become that he can place his hand inside a wound and draw an accurate picture of its interior. In cases where a patient cannot be photographed under x-ray, Terry is always called into consultation. The "Gorgas Film Company" does not confine itself to surgical films, however. Many scenarios are written for the sole benefit of the soldier, and are teaching lessons that the finest Vocal eloquence has failed to "get over." One of these, entitled, "Fit to Fight," deals with the physological aspects of venereal disease. Another film shows the soldier how to take care of his feet-how avoid having flat feet and trench foot, and the correct motion in walking. It comprises, as one lieutenant put it, two thousand feet of foot.

Osteopaths Not Admitted to the Medical ServiceAt a meeting of the American Osteopathic Association in Boston, the president made a vigorous protest against the report made by the Surgeon General to the Military Affairs Committee of Congress adverse to the acceptance of drugless healers in the Medical Corps of the army. He quoted from this report as follows: "The admission of osteopath physicians as such, and without the degree of doctor of medicine, to the Medical Corps would have practically unanimous opposition of the medical profession of this country and of all allied countries; would be regarded, and justly so, as lowering the standards, educational and professional, of our Medical Corps, and would have a discouraging and detrimental effect upon efforts to secure physicians for the corps, both now and in future, and upon the general morale of the corps." It certainly is difficult to imagine how an osteopathic practitioner, who is forbidden by the license law to give drugs, could treat the wounded at the front or those ill with trench fever, or the like.-N. Y. Med. Record.

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