Electoral College, 117; why adopt-
ed, 120; failure of, 121; reasons
for failure, 122; precedent for,
123; early action of, 123; district
plan for choice of, 124; proposed
changes in, 125. See Presi-
dential Electors.

Electoral Commission, 132, 270
Eleventh Amendment, 154, 317
Elliot's Debates, 228, 234
Ellsworth in Convention of 1787,
206, 325
Enabling Act, 363

English Commercial Code. See
Trade Laws.

Equality, doctrine of, announced

in Declaration of Indepen-
dence, 11, 35 sq.; doctrine of,
repudiated, 36, 37; opposes
special privilege and a ruling
class, 38, 39; John Morley on,

215, 307

Forney, John W., 246

Foster on the Constitution, 211,
220, 223, 226, 227, 228, 229,
232, 234, 235
"Four Years' Law," 185
Fourteenth Amendment, 85, 241,
347, 352, 353, 354
Franklin, Benjamin, proposes sus-
pensive veto, 148; 201, 204
Free Assembly, right of, 6
Free Silver Bill, struggle over, in
House, 251 sq.; 256 sq.
French Alliance, 170
Fugitive Slave Law, 316
Fuller, Chief Justice, 125
Furber, Precedents Relating to the
Senate, 213, 220

G

Gallatin, Albert, on the House
and the Treaty power, 159
sqq.; 170

Garfield, President, 224
Garrison, W. P., on election of

Senators, 214
George III.'s attempt to restore
personal government, result of,
29, 97, 112, 148
Gerrymander, 125, 244.
Gohier, Urbain, on evils of mili-
tarism, 53-54

Gordy, Political Parties, 372
Government by the consent of
the governed, 11, 17-33; Les-
lie Stephen on, 20; the goal of
civil order, 24; Lyman Ab-
bott on, 25; Humboldt on, 26;
opposed to the theory of ab-
solutism, 26, 27; affirms the
right to self-government of a
capable body politic, 29, 30;
Senator Hoar on, 30-31;
principle of, pledged in Ter-
ritorial Government, 31; op-
poses government by force,
32; taught by Thomas Hooker,
32, 380

Government for the benefit of
the governed, 11, 16
Government Bill in England,
97-98, 259; in America, 260
Grant, President, 115, 139, 156,
165, 221, 303
Greenback decisions, 329
Guarantee Clause of the Con-
stitution, 172

H

Habeas Corpus, 84, 177 sqq., 316,

359

Hamilton, on concurrent supreme
powers, 72; on implied powers,
75 sq., 135; 145, 148; on abro-
gation of treaties, 171; on power
of removal, 184 sqq.; 192, 211,
222, 298

Hamlin, Hannibal, 155
Hanoverian kings, III
Harlan, Justice, dissenting opinion
in Insular Cases, 383

Harrison, President, on District |
Plan of Choosing Electors, 125;
129, 157
Hawaiian Islands, 358

Hayes, President, 131; on war
powers, 182; 304, 305

Haynes, Popular Election of Sen-
ators, 215

Hill, Senator, 224

Hinsdale, B. A., American Gov-
ernment, 154, 155

Hoar, Senator, on consent of
the governed, 30, 31; on sena-
torial courtesy, 221; on Bel-
knap Case, 228

Hollingsworth vs. Virginia, 154
House, Lolabel,on Twelfth Amend-
ment, 119

House of Representatives, na-
tional character of, 67; par-
ticipation in treaty-making, 159
sqq.; constitution of, 240; organ-
ization of, 242; vacancies in,
245; sessions of, 245; officers
of, 246; clerk, 246, 262; party
caucus of, 247; minority leader
in, 247; exclusive rights and
powers of, 250; divisions in,
251; rules and procedure, 251,
252; special order in, 252; Com-
mittee on Rules, 252; legisla-
tive day in, 256; filbustering
in, 256 sq.; calendar of, 256;
cloture in, 256; previous ques-
tion in, 257; how a bill is passed
in, 258; morning hour in, 258;
continuous sessions of, 258;
Speaker Reed on, 258; Com-
mittee of the Whole, 258;
quorum in, 260; struggle in,
over Speaker Reed's decision as
to the quorum, 261 sqq.; com-
mittees, 275 sqq.; control over
committees, 277; action on
committee reports, 277; need
of Budget system, 287, 288; lack
of responsibility in, 290 sqq.;
collisions with Senate, 295;
power over the purse, 302;
employees of, 308; references
on, 310
Humboldt on self-government,
26

Humphreys, Judge, impeach-
ment of, 233

Hunter, R. M. T., Speaker, 243

I

Impeachment, provisions of the
Constitution on, 225; the Su-

Jackson, President, on Execu-
tive independence, 101; Bank
veto, 101; on Worcester vs.
Georgia, 105; 115, 129, 130,
138; use of veto, 149, 152;
removals, 185

James, E. J., Legal Tender
Cases, 329

Jay, John, on Law of Treaties,
169; 325
Jay's Treaty, 159 sqq.
Jefferson, on strict construction,
74, 75; on the power of the
Judiciary, 99; on independ-
ence of the Executive, 100, 101;
115; on the Treaty power, 161
sq.; on abrogation of treaties,
171; on suspending Habeas
Corpus, 180; 190, 192, 297, 307,
321, 322; opinion of Marshall,
323;372
Jefferson's Summary View of the
Rights of the Colonies, 2

Jenks, Edward, History of Poli-
tics quoted, 61

Jenks, G. A., on Belknap Case,
228

Johnson, Dr., in Convention of
1787, 207
Johnson, President Andrew, 106,

107; use of veto, 150; and
Tenure of Office Act, 187; 189;
impeachment of, 197, 233, 303
Joint Resolution, 154, 155
Judiciary of the States, 350 sqq.;
tenure of, 350; salaries of, 350;
popular election of, 351; scope
of decisions, 351

Judiciary of United States, where
vested, 312; tenure of judges,
312; under the Confederation,
312; increase of power to, 325:
may not subordinate the Legis-
lature, 331. See Supreme Court;
Judiciary; Justices; Courts.
Judiciary Act of 1789, 313
Jury, right of trial by, 5; denied
by Admiralty Courts in enforce-
ment of Stamp Act, 5; guar-
anteed in Constitution, 84, 380
Justices of United States Courts,
creation of, 313; number of,
313; how removable, 313

K

Kasson, reciprocity treaties of,

168

Kentucky Resolutions, 75, 322

L

Labor, Department of, created,

190
Landon, Constitutional History,
181

League. See Confederation.
Lecky, W. E. H., cites causes of
American Revolution, I
Legal Tender Act, 333
Legal Tender Cases, 88
Legislative Day, 256
Lieber, Civil Liberty, 213
Limitations on power of State
and Nation. See Constitu-
tional limitations.

Lincoln, on Executive Independ-
ence, 103; on Reconstruc-
tion, 146, 154; 176, 216, 223,
328; construction of war powers,
336

Lindsay, Senator, on instruc-
tions to Senators, 235
Livingston, Edward, 159, 161
Lobbying, 309, 310

Local Self-Government, right of
Colonies to, asserted, 3, 5
Locke and Right of Revolution,
15

Lockwood, H. C., Abolition of
the Presidency, 152, 303
Lodge, Henry Cabot, on "The
Treaty-Making Power," 167,

172

"Log-rolling," 285

Lords, English House of, 196
Louisiana, admission of, 371;
territorial government of, 372
Louisiana Purchase, 88; Treaty
of, 162; 370 sqq.

Luther vs. Borden, 172, 174, 175

M

McConachie, committee system,
275 sqq.

McCulloch vs. Maryland, 101
Maccunn, Ethics of Citizenship,
61

McKee, congressional practice,
155

McKinley, President, and Span-
ish Treaty, 157; 176
Maclay's Journal, 211
McPherson, History of the Rebel-
lion, 180

Madison, definition of Republic,
54, 56; on democracy, 59; on
character of the Federal Gov-
ernment, 66; in case of Mar-
bury, 100; on power of removal,
184 sqq.; 212, 213, 222, 371
Magna Charta, 8, 27, 50, 323
Mantle, Lee, case of, 198
Marbury vs. Madison, 99, 107,
325, 326

Marshal, Federal, 319
Marshall, Chief Justice, on pow-
ers of National Government,
77; on restrictions of the Con-
stitution, 78-79; in Barron

vs. Baltimore, 78-79; in Mar-
bury vs. Madison, 100; in
Worcester vs. Georgia, 105;
on suspending Habeas Corpus,
180; secures power to Judi-
ciary, 325; nationalizing de-
cisions of, 328; principles of con-
struction, 335; definition of
term "United States," 382
Mason's Veto Power, 147, 153,
154, 156

Merryman Case, 179
Mexican War, 158

Michigan plan of choosing elec-
tors. See District plan.
"Midnight Judges," i00, 328
Militarism, 52, 53
Military Republic, 55

Milton, defense of the English
people, 27 sq.

Ministerial and executive duties
compared, 100, 107, 108
Ministerial government. See Cab-
inet and Parliamentary Govern-
ment.
Mississippi vs. Johnson, 106, 107
Mobocracy, 51

Monarchy, as a form of govern-
ment, 47; absolute, 48, 49
Money bills, origin of, in House,
207; English and American
practice on, 282

Monroe-Pinkney Treaty, 190
Montesquieu, 113

Morton, Senator, on Disputed
Elections Act, 135
Mutiny Act of 1765, 5

N

Nation in convention, 90
National aspects of the United
States Government, 67 sq., 73
National Government, extent of
its powers, 86, 87, 88; character
of, defined, 93; right to inter-
fere in States, 174. See Con-
stitutional limitations; National
Powers

National Powers, 81; delegated,
82; prohibitions on, 84, 85,
86; judge of limits, 323
Nationalists in Federal Conven-
tion of 1787, 65
Neagle Case, 143, 320

Negative on State laws, 321.
See Veto.

Nelson, Henry Loomis, A Mis-
take of the Fathers, 166, 167
Nevada, 244

New Jersey election contest (1839),
242

New York Assembly dissolved, 5
Niles's Register, 153, 235

Ochlocracy. See Mobocracy.
Oligarchic Republic, 55
Oligarchy, 49, 50
Olney-Pauncefote Treaty, 166
Ord, Gen. A. O. C., 106
Ordinance of 1787, 358, 381
Oregon plan for choosing Senators,
217

P

Parliament, powers sovereign and
constituent, 89; 303
Parliamentary Government, 95
Parliamentary Taxation of Amer-
ica, I, 3

Passive Obedience and Divine
Right, 14

Paterson of New Jersey, on
basis of Senate, 203

Patronage, Executive, 299; abuses
of, 308. See President; Con-
gress.

Peck, Judge, impeachment of,
233

Peel, Sir Robert, 264

Pepke Case, 368
Petition of Right, 8
Petition, right of, 6

Philippines, 365, 369, 372

Pickering, Judge, impeachment
of, 232

Pinkney, 363

Platt, Senator, 139, 224
Plutocracy, 49.

"Pocket Veto," 146

Polk, President, and the Treaty

power, 156-158
Porto Rico, 366

Presidency, federal and national

aspects of, 67 sq.

President, unwritten law on, 92;

lack of, under the Confedera-
tion, 94; created by the Con-
stitution of 1787, 94-95; in-
dependent of Congress, 95,
and of the Judiciary, 99 sq.;
independence of, sustained by
Jefferson, 99, 100, by Jackson,
101, by Buchanan, 102, by
Sumner and Lincoln, 103; depen-
dent on judicial construction of
the law, in view of Webster, 103,
104; Cooley on independence
of, 104, 108; bound by the
law 105; may not be restrained
by injunction, 106; ministerial
and executive duty of, compared,
107, 108; compared with Eng-
lish Premier, 109; dangers from
his independence, 109; length of
term, 115, 116; ineligible to
third term by unwritten law,
115; mode of election, 115 sq.;
patronage of, 116; time of
election, 117; eventual election
of, 118; defects in electing, 127;
election of, by minority vote,
129-130; by House of Repre-
sentatives, 130; contested elec-
tion of, 131; qualifications of,
135; salary of, 136; exempt
from legal process, 136; vacancy
in office of, 140; powers and
duties classified, 142 sq.; execu-
tive functions of, 142; diplo-
matic functions of, 143; advis-
ory functions of, 143; legislative
functions of, 143; war power
of, 143; 176 sqq.; judicial power
of 144; veto of, 144 sqq.; pocket
veto, 146; in foreign relations
156 sqq.; independence in treaty
making, 165; the guarantee of
republican government and, 172
sq.; rights to interfere in State
disorders, 175; power to suspend
writ of habeas corpus, 179 sq.;
appointing power of, 182; power
of removal, 183; growing powers
of, 187; Cabinet, 189; sq.; refer-
ences on, 194, 195; relations to
Congress, 296; how he may
influence Congress, 297 sqq.;
message of, 297; Executive pa-
tronage, 299; and Legislative
"Rider," 302