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CHAPTER IX.
Josiah Wedgwood takes into Partnership his Relative Thomas Wedg-
wood.-Ralph Wedgwood-His Pot Works in Staffordshire and
Yorkshire His Inventions.-The Pocket Secretary and the Mani-
fold Writer.-Invention of the Electric Telegraph.-Scheme offered
to and rejected by Government.-John Taylor Wedgwood, the Line
Engraver-His Works.-Josiah Wedgwood's Chemical Knowledge.
-Procures Clays from America.-Alexander Chisholm.—Introduc-
tion of "Basaltes," or "Egyptian Black" Ware.
CHAPTER X.
Page
. . 177
Josiah Wedgwood's Inventions and Discoveries.-Terra Cotta.—Basaltes,
White Porcelain Biscuit, Jasper, Bamboo and Mortar Wares.-Imita-
tion Agate and Marble.-Mr. S. C. Hall's Collection.-Wedgwood
Determines upon Removing from Burslem.-Purchases the Ridge
House Estate.-Erection of the "Black Works."-Takes Thomas
Bentley into Partnership.-Notice of the Bentleys.-The "Octagon"
Chapel at Liverpool.-Wedgwood and Bentley.-"Etruria" Works.
--Building of Etruria Hall.-Founding and building of the Village
of Etruria.-Etruscan Vases.-Sir William Hamilton.-Count Cay-
lus.—Wedgwood declines to secure his Inventions by Patent-right.
-Takes out the only Patent he ever applied for.-Specification for
Encaustic Painting, &c.
CHAPTER XI.
Wedgwood and Bentley.-Opening of the Etruria Works.-First Pro-
ductions of the Works thrown by Josiah Wedgwood while Bentley
turned the Wheel.-Etruscan, or Encaustic Vases.-Establishes
Works at Chelsea.-Workmen engaged there.-First Teapot made
at Etruria.-Chinese Portrait Modeller.-Audience of the King and
Queen.-Catherine the Great of Russia.-- Service for the Grenouil-
lière Palace. Thomas Bentley's Second Marriage.-The Stamford
and Crompton Families.-Wedgwood and Bentley's First Catalogue.
-Black and White Medallions.-Introduction of "Jasper Ware."
-Declaration of Noble Principles.-The Wedgwood Inkstand.—
Eye Cups and Closet Pans.-Letter from Josiah Wedgwood to his
Cousin Thomas
. 187
204
CHAPTER XII.
William Cookworthy discovers the Use of Cornish Clay and Cornish
Stone. Memoir of Cookworthy. - His Account of his Dis-
coveries.—Establishes Works at Plymouth.-Plymouth China.-
Takes out a Patent.-Success of the Works.-Employs Artists from
Sèvres and Dresden.-Decline of the Works.-Assignment to
Richard Champion, of Bristol.-Removal of the China Works from
Plymouth to Bristol.-Act of Parliament for extending Term of
Patent Right.
. 223
CHAPTER XIII.
-
Josiah Wedgwood's Opposition in Parliament to the Extension of
Champion's Patent.-"Memorial" of Wedgwood and others.-
Champion's "Reply."-Josiah Wedgwood issues his "Remarks."-
Wedgwood's "Reasons" for opposing the Act.-"Case of the
Potters."-The Bill passes the House of Commons.-Amended by
the Lords.-Passing of the Act.-Examples of Champion's Bristol
China. Decay of the Works.-Champion sells his Patent Right to
a Company in Staffordshire .
CHAPTER XIV.
Introduction of the Manufacture of China into Staffordshire.-William
Littler and Aaron Wedgwood.--Champion's Patent bought by a
Company.-Works established at Tunstall.-Removed to Shelton.-
New Hall Works.-Samuel Hollins; Anthony Keeling; John
Turner; Jacob Warburton, and others.-Examples of New Hall
China. Josiah Wedgwood enters into Partnership with Mr. Carthew
for working Cornish Stone.-Thomas Bentley visits Paris.-Wedg-
wood and Bentley's Dutch and French Catalogues.—John Flaxman.
-Death of Thomas Bentley.-His Monument at Chiswick.-Pro-
posed Inscriptions to his Memory . .
CHAPTER XV.
John Flaxman-His Connection with Josiah Wedgwood.-Original
Bills and Letters of Flaxman's.-Mode of reducing Medallions, &c.,
by Firing.-Flaxman's Medallion Portraits-His Bas-reliefs-His
Designs for Set of Chessmen.- Mr. Marjoribank's Collection.-
Friezes and Plaques.-Flaxman's Models in Wax.-Josiah Wedg-
wood elected F.R.S.-Sir Joshua Reynolds paints Portraits of
Josiah and Mrs. Wedgwood.-Wright of Derby.-Wedgwood in-
vents a Thermometer for Measuring Heat.-Chamber of Commerce.
-Invention of "Jasper Dip."
237
258
273
CHAPTER XVI.
Food Riots at Etruria.-Boat-load of Provisions seized.-Military called
out.-Ringleaders seized and condemned.-Execution of Barlow at
Stafford.-Contemporary Account of the Riots.-Josiah Wedgwood's
"Address to the Young Inhabitants of the Potteries."-Sale of the
Duchess of Portland's Collection of Antiquities.-The Barberini or
Portland Vase.-Wedgwood's Determination to possess and copy
the Vase.-Arrangement with the Duke of Portland.-Fifty Copies
produced.-Josiah Wedgwood elected F.S.A.-Publication of the
Sixth Edition of his Catalogue.-" Bamboo or Cane-coloured Bisqué
Porcelain," and "Mortar Ware" introduced.-Death of Thomas
Wedgwood. — Clay from New South Wales. Commemorative
Medallion.-Darwin's Botanic Garden.-Wedgwood takes his Sons
into Partnership.-Thomas Byerley becomes a Partner.-Memoir of
Byerley and his Family.—Treaty with Saxony.-Establishment of
a National Gallery of Sculpture.
290
CHAPTER XVII.
Jasper Ware.-Turner's Productions.—Wedgwood's Inventions and
Discoveries.-Examples of Jasper.-Mr. Hall's Collection.--Mr.
Gladstone's Collection.-Déjeune Service.-Jasper Beads.-Classes
of Wedgwood's Productions. -Intaglios and Medallions.-Seals,
Bracelets, &c.-Portrait Medallions.-Bas-Reliefs and Plaques.-
Black Ware, or "Basaltes."-Busts and Statues.-Lamps and
Candelabra.-Tea and Coffee Equipages.-Flower and Root Pots.—
Vases.-Sepulchral Urns.-Etruscan Vases.-Inkstands, Mortars,
&c.-Stubbs, the "Animal Painter."-Thermometers for Measuring
Heat.
319
CHAPTER XVIII.
China Manufacture.-Jonathan Wedgwood.-Agreement with William
Duesbury, of the Derby China Works.-Abner Wedgwood.-China
made from Guano.-Enoch Wedgwood.-Francis Eginton, Inventor
of Polygraphic Pictures.-Mug given him by Josiah Wedgwood.—
Matthew Boulton of the Soho Works.-Letters of Eginton.-The
"Early Photographs."-Letter of Boulton, objecting to a Pension
for Eginton.-Eginton's Works in Stained Glass.-William Raphael
Eginton.-Letter of Josiah Wedgwood.-Etruscan Vase and French
Pie
346
CHAPTER XIX.
Josiah Wedgwood.-His last Illness and Death.-Etruria Hall.-Burial
at Stoke.-Monody by Rev. W. Fernyhough. - Wedgwood's
Monument at Stoke-upon-Trent.-Obituary Notices.
CHAPTER XX.
356
Josiah Wedgwood.-Medallion Portraits of him by Flaxman and others.
-Medallion of Mrs. Wedgwood.-Maccaroni Head-dresses.-Cos-
tume of the Period.-Satires on the Prevailing Mode.-Network
Bags for the Head.-Heads not dressed for Nine Weeks.-Sir
Joshua Reynolds' Portrait of Wedgwood.-Stubbs' Family Picture
of the Wedgwoods.-Fashion of wearing Huge Caps.-Statue of
Wedgwood.-Fontana's Bust.-Bust on the Monument at Stoke . 364
CHAPTER XXI.
Children of Josiah Wedgwood and their Alliances.-Their Descendants.
-Darwin's "Origin of Species."-John Wedgwood.-Letter of
Josiah Wedgwood.-Thomas Wedgwood.-Samuel Taylor, Cole-
ridge. Generous Help accorded to him by the Brothers Wedgwood.
-Thomas Wedgwood's Researches into the Properties of Light.-
Discovers Photography.-Sir Humphrey Davy.-Josiah Wedgwood
the Second.-War with France: Marbles used as Bullets.-Thomas
Byerley.-Death of Thomas Byerley.-Change in the Firm.—
Manufacture of China at Etruria.-Stone China.-Death of Mrs.
Wedgwood.-John Boyle becomes a Partner.-Robert Brown taken
in Partnership.-Marks used on Wedgwood Ware.—“ Wedgwood
and Co.”—Injunction against Messrs. W. Smith and others, of
Stockton
374
CHAPTER XXII.
Etruria Works.-Productions of the Present Day.-Solid Jasper and
Jasper Dip.-Majolica.-Mr. Minton.-M. Emile Lessore.-Parian.
-Inlaid Ware. - Queen's Ware. - Pearl Body. -- Rockingham
Ware. Porous Ware.-Red Ware.-Blue Printing.-Views of the
Works." Sun and Planet" Motion Steam Engine made by Watt.
-The Village of Etruria.-The Village Inn.-Etruria Jubilee
Group
. 387
CHAPTER XXIII.
Wedgwood Memorials.-The Wedgwood Statue at Stoke.-Address of
the Promoters.-Wedgwood Memorial Institute at Burslem.-Mr.
Gladstone lays the First Stone.-His Views on the Advantages of
the proposed Institution.-Casket made by Messrs. Davenport.—
Trowel by Mr. Macintyre.-Mr. W. Woodall.-Captain Fowkes'
Arrangement of the Rooms.-Mr. Beresford - Hope's Project for
External Fictile Decorations.-Decorations described.-Wedgwood
Memorial Jug.-Messrs. C. Meigh and Co.'s Earthenware Works.-
Happy Arrangement by which each of the three Towns possesses
its Memorials of Wedgwood . . . 397
CHAPTER XXIV.
Josiah Wedgwoood.-Characteristics. His great Success and Wealth.-
Copy of his Will.-Alexander Chisholm.-Wedgwood's Acquaint-
ance with Men of Intellect and Science.-Dr. Priestley.-Summary
of Wedgwood's Character. - Poem on a Staffordshire Teapot.--
Wedgwood's Labours increase the Commerce of the Kingdom.-
Staffordshire has reason to be proud of her Son
412
-Procures Clays from America.-Alexander Chisholm.-Introduc-
tion of "Basaltes," or "Egyptian Black" Ware
Josiah Wedgwood's Inventions and Discoveries.-Terra Cotta.-Basaltes,
Chapel at Liverpool.-Wedgwood and Bentley.-" Etruria" Works.
-Building of Etruria Hall.-Founding and building of the Village
lus.-Wedgwood declines to secure his Inventions by Patent-right.
Queen.-Catherine the Great of Russia.--Service for the Grenouil-
-Declaration of Noble Principles.-The Wedgwood Inkstand.-
. 177
187
Stone. - Memoir of Cookworthy. His Account of his Dis-
coveries.-Establishes Works at Plymouth.-Plymouth China.-
Patent Right
223